c# 如何实现自动更新程序

主要功能介绍

实现文件的自动更新。主要功能：

1. 支持整包完全更新，即客户端只需输入一个服务器地址，即可下载所有文件。
2. 支持增量更新，即只更新指定的某几个文件。
3. 支持自动更新程序的更新

更新界面如图：

客户端

main方法入口

/// <summary>
 /// 应用程序的主入口点。
 /// </summary>
 [STAThread]
 static void Main()
 {
  //在主程序中 更新替换自动升级程序
  //ReplaceAutoUpgrade();

  bool isEnterMain = false;
  try
  {
  //设置默认更新地址，如果不设置，后面会从配置文件，或界面上进行设置
  UpgradeHelper.Instance.DefaultUrl = "http://localhost:17580";
  if (UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeModel != null)
  {
   UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl = UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeModel.UpgradeUrl;
  }

  if (UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count == 0 && UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeModel != null)
  {
   //没有待更新，并且本地版本信息文件不为空，则直接启动主程序
   bool isSucced = UpgradeHelper.StartRunMain(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeModel.RunMain);
   if (isSucced)
   {
   Application.Exit();
   }
   else
   {
   //清理版本信息 以便重新检测版本
   UpgradeHelper.Instance.ClearUpgradeModel();
   isEnterMain = true;
   }
  }
  else
  {
   isEnterMain = true;
  }
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
  isEnterMain = true;
  MessageBox.Show("运行更新程序异常：\n" + ex.Message, "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
  }

  if (isEnterMain)
  {
  //进入更新主界面
  Application.EnableVisualStyles();
  Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
  Application.Run(new FrmUpdate());
  }
 }

主窗体代码

public partial class FrmUpdate: Form
{
 /// <summary>
 /// 构造函数
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="tempPath"></param>
 /// <param name="updateFiles"></param>
 public FrmUpdate()
 {
  InitializeComponent();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 窗体加载事件
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="sender"></param>
 /// <param name="e"></param>
 private void FrmUpdate_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  try
  {
  //加载服务器地址
  txtHostUrl.Text = UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl;
  BeginUpgrade();
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
  Output("初始化异常：" + ex.Message);
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 手动更新
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="sender"></param>
 /// <param name="e"></param>
 private void butBegin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 try
 {
  if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(txtHostUrl.Text))
  {
  Output("请先输入服务器地址！");
  return;
  }
  UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl = txtHostUrl.Text.Trim();
  //清理版本信息 以便重新检测版本
  UpgradeHelper.Instance.ClearUpgradeModel();
  BeginUpgrade();
 }
 catch(Exception ex)
 {
  Output("更新异常：" + ex.Message);
 }
 }
 private void BeginUpgrade()
 {
  try
  {
  if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl))
  {
   return;
  }
  if(!(UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl.StartsWith("http://") || UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl.StartsWith("https://")))
  {
   Output("错误的服务器地址，地址必须以http://或者https://开头");
   return;
  }
  //判断是否有更新
  if(UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count > 0 && UpgradeHelper.Instance.Server_UpgradeModel != null)
  {
   SetWinControl(false);
   //杀死主进程
   UpgradeHelper.KillProcess(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Server_UpgradeModel.RunMain);
   RunUpgrade(); //启动更新
  }
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
  Output("更新异常：" + ex.Message);
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 启动更新
 /// </summary>
 private void RunUpgrade()
 {
  //启动更新
  SetCaption(string.Format("共需更新文件{0}个，已更新0个。正在更新下列文件：", UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count));
  Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
  {
  string curFile = "";
  try
  {
   int idx = 0;
   foreach(KeyValuePair < string, string > item in UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades)
   {
    curFile = item.Key;
    string filePath = string.Format("{0}\\{1}", Application.StartupPath, item.Key);
    if(item.Key.IndexOf(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Server_UpgradeModel.AutoUpgrade) >= 0)
    {
    //如果当前文件为更新主程序
    filePath = string.Format("{0}\\AutoUpgradeTemp\\{1}", Application.StartupPath, item.Key);
    }
    string directory = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
    if(!Directory.Exists(directory))
    {
    Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
    }
    MyWebResquest.DownloadFile(UpgradeHelper.Instance.UpgradeUrl, item.Key, filePath);
    idx++;
    SetCaption(string.Format("共需更新文件{0}个，已更新{1}个。更新文件列表：", UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count, idx));
    Output(string.Format("更新文件{0}完成", curFile));
   }
   //保存版本文件
   File.WriteAllText(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeXmlPath, UpgradeHelper.Instance.Server_UpgradeXml);
   SetCaption(string.Format("更新完成，共更新文件{0}个", UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count));
   Output(string.Format("更新完成，共更新文件{0}个", UpgradeHelper.Instance.WillUpgrades.Count));
   //下载完成后处理
   UpgradeHelper.StartRunMain(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Server_UpgradeModel.RunMain);
   //退出当前程序
   ExitCurrent();
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
   Output(string.Format("更新文件{0}异常：{1}", curFile, ex.Message));
   SetWinControl(true);
  }
  });
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 设置界面控件是否可用
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="enabled"></param>
 private void SetWinControl(bool enabled)
 {
  if(this.InvokeRequired)
  {
  Action < bool > d = new Action < bool > (SetWinControl);
  this.Invoke(d, enabled);
  }
  else
  {
  txtHostUrl.Enabled = enabled;
  butBegin.Enabled = enabled;
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 退出当前程序
 /// </summary>
 private void ExitCurrent()
 {
 if(this.InvokeRequired)
 {
  Action d = new Action(ExitCurrent);
  this.Invoke(d);
 }
 else
 {
  Application.Exit();
 }
 }#
 region 日志输出
 /// <summary>
 /// 设置跟踪状态
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="caption"></param>
 private void SetCaption(string caption)
 {
  if(this.lblCaption.InvokeRequired)
  {
  Action < string > d = new Action < string > (SetCaption);
  this.Invoke(d, caption);
  }
  else
  {
  this.lblCaption.Text = caption;
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 设置跟踪状态
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="caption"></param>
 private void Output(string log)
 {
 if(this.txtLog.InvokeRequired)
 {
  Action < string > d = new Action < string > (Output);
  this.Invoke(d, log);
 }
 else
 {
  txtLog.AppendText(string.Format("{0}：{1}\r\n", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), log));
  txtLog.ScrollToCaret();
 }
 }
 private void ClearOutput()
 {
 if(this.txtLog.InvokeRequired)
 {
  Action d = new Action(ClearOutput);
  this.Invoke(d);
 }
 else
 {
  txtLog.Text = "";
 }
 }#
 endregion
 private void FrmUpdate_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
 {
 if(e.CloseReason == CloseReason.UserClosing)
 {
  if(MessageBox.Show("升级未完成，退出后将导致软件无法正常使用，你确定要退出吗？", "退出提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) != System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.Yes)
  {
  //取消"关闭窗口"事件
  e.Cancel = true;
  }
 }
 }
}

更新帮助类

/// <summary>
/// 更新帮助类
/// </summary>
public class UpgradeHelper
{
 /// <summary>
 /// 默认服务器地址
 /// 在配置文件中未找到地址时，使用此地址进行更新
 /// </summary>
 public string DefaultUrl
 {
 get;
 set;
 }
 public string _upgradeUrl;
 /// <summary>
 /// 获取或设置服务器地址
 /// </summary>
 public string UpgradeUrl
 {
 get
 {
  if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_upgradeUrl))
  {
  return DefaultUrl;
  }
  return _upgradeUrl;
 }
 set
 {
  _upgradeUrl = value;
 }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 本地配置文件路径
 /// </summary>
 public string Local_UpgradeXmlPath = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "UpgradeList.xml");
 private UpgradeModel _local_UpgradeModel;
 /// <summary>
 /// 本地版本信息
 /// </summary>
 public UpgradeModel Local_UpgradeModel
 {
 get
 {
  try
  {
  if(_local_UpgradeModel == null)
  {
   if(File.Exists(Local_UpgradeXmlPath))
   {
   _local_UpgradeModel = new UpgradeModel();
   _local_UpgradeModel.LoadUpgrade(File.ReadAllText(Local_UpgradeXmlPath));
   }
  }
  return _local_UpgradeModel;
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
  throw new Exception(string.Format("获取本地版本文件UpgradeList.xml异常：{0}", ex.Message));
  }
 }
 }
 private UpgradeModel _server_UpgradeModel;
 /// <summary>
 /// 服务器版本信息
 /// </summary>
 public UpgradeModel Server_UpgradeModel
 {
 get
 {
  try
  {
  if(_server_UpgradeModel == null && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(UpgradeUrl))
  {
   string resXml = MyWebResquest.GetUpgradeList(UpgradeUrl);
   if(!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(resXml))
   {
   _server_UpgradeModel = new UpgradeModel();
   _server_UpgradeModel.LoadUpgrade(resXml);
   _server_UpgradeXml = resXml;
   }
  }
  return _server_UpgradeModel;
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
  throw new Exception(string.Format("获取服务端版本文件UpgradeList.xml异常：{0}", ex.Message));
  }
 }
 }
 private string _server_UpgradeXml;
 /// <summary>
 /// 服务端版本配置xml
 /// </summary>
 public string Server_UpgradeXml
 {
 get
 {
  return _server_UpgradeXml;
 }
 }
 private Dictionary < string, string > _willUpgrades;
 /// <summary>
 /// 待更新文件列表,如果为0，则表示不需要更新
 /// </summary>
 public Dictionary < string, string > WillUpgrades
 {
  get
  {
  if(_willUpgrades == null)
  {
   _willUpgrades = new Dictionary < string, string > ();
   //如果服务器端未获取到版本信息 则不更新
   if(Server_UpgradeModel != null)
   {
   if(Local_UpgradeModel == null) //本地版本信息为空 全部更新
   {
    _willUpgrades = Server_UpgradeModel.DictFiles;
   }
   else
   {
    //对比需要更新的文件
    foreach(var item in Server_UpgradeModel.DictFiles)
    {
    //如果找到
    if(Local_UpgradeModel.DictFiles.ContainsKey(item.Key))
    {
     //如果版本不匹配
     if(Local_UpgradeModel.DictFiles[item.Key] != item.Value)
     {
     _willUpgrades.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
     }
    }
    else
    {
     //没有找到
     _willUpgrades.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
    }
    }
   }
   }
  }
  return _willUpgrades;
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 清空版本信息
 /// </summary>
 public void ClearUpgradeModel()
 {
 if(File.Exists(Local_UpgradeXmlPath))
 {
  try
  {
  string xmlStr = File.ReadAllText(Local_UpgradeXmlPath);
  XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
  xmlDoc.LoadXml(xmlStr);
  XmlNode node = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Upgrade/Files");
  if(node != null && node.ChildNodes.Count > 0)
  {
   node.RemoveAll();
  }
  File.WriteAllText(UpgradeHelper.Instance.Local_UpgradeXmlPath, xmlDoc.InnerXml);
  }
  catch(Exception)
  {}
 }
 _local_UpgradeModel = null;
 _server_UpgradeModel = null;
 _willUpgrades = null;
 }#
 region 单例对象
 private static UpgradeHelper _instance;
 /// <summary>
 /// 单例对象
 /// </summary>
 public static UpgradeHelper Instance
 {
 get
 {
  if(_instance == null)
  {
  _instance = new UpgradeHelper();
  //初始化本地配置文件，以及服务器地址
  if(_instance.Local_UpgradeModel != null)
  {
   _instance.UpgradeUrl = _instance.Local_UpgradeModel.UpgradeUrl;
  }
  }
  return _instance;
 }
 }#
 endregion# region 静态方法
 /// <summary>
 /// 启动主程序
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileName"></param>
 public static bool StartRunMain(string fileName)
 {
  string fullPath = fileName;
  try
  {
  Process process = GetProcess(fileName);
  if(process != null) //以及存在运行中的主进程
  {
   return true;
  }
  fullPath = string.Format("{0}\\{1}", Application.StartupPath, fileName);
  ProcessStartInfo main = new ProcessStartInfo(fullPath);
  Process.Start(fullPath);
  return true;
  }
  catch(Exception ex)
  {
  MessageBox.Show(string.Format("主程序{0}调用失败：\n{1}", fullPath, ex.Message), "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
  }
  return false;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 杀死进程
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="process"></param>
 public static void KillProcess(string processName)
 {
  if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(processName)) return;
  processName = processName.ToLower();
  processName = processName.Replace(".exe", "");
  //杀死主进程
  Process[] processes = Process.GetProcesses();
  foreach(Process process in processes)
  {
  if(!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(process.ProcessName))
  {
   if(process.ProcessName.ToLower() == processName)
   {
   process.Kill();
   }
  }
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 获取进程
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="pName"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public static Process GetProcess(string pName)
 {
 if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(pName)) return null;
 pName = pName.ToLower();
 pName = pName.Replace(".exe", "");
 //杀死主进程
 Process[] processes = Process.GetProcesses();
 foreach(Process process in processes)
 {
  if(!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(process.ProcessName))
  {
  if(process.ProcessName.ToLower() == pName)
  {
   return process;
  }
  }
 }
 return null;
 }#
 endregion
}

版本xml文件解析

public class UpgradeModel
{
 /// <summary>
 /// 初始化对象
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="xml"></param>
 public void LoadUpgrade(string xml)
 {
 XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
 xmlDoc.LoadXml(xml);
 //读取UpgradeUrl
 XmlNode node = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("//UpgradeUrl");
 if(node != null)
 {
  this.UpgradeUrl = node.InnerText;
 }
 //读取RunMain
 node = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("//RunMain");
 if(node != null)
 {
  this.RunMain = node.InnerText;
 }
 //读取RunMain
 node = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("//AutoUpgrade");
 if(node != null)
 {
  this.AutoUpgrade = node.InnerText;
 }
 //读取Files
 node = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Upgrade/Files");
 this.DictFiles = new Dictionary < string, string > ();
 if(node != null && node.ChildNodes.Count > 0)
 {
  foreach(XmlNode item in node.ChildNodes)
  {
  if(item.Name != "#comment")
  {
   string name = GetNodeAttrVal(item, "Name");
   string version = GetNodeAttrVal(item, "Version");
   if(!this.DictFiles.ContainsKey(name))
   {
   this.DictFiles.Add(name, version);
   }
  }
  }
 }
 }
 private string GetNodeAttrVal(XmlNode node, string attr)
 {
  if(node != null && node.Attributes != null && node.Attributes[attr] != null)
  {
  string val = node.Attributes[attr].Value;
  if(!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(val))
  {
   return val.Trim();
  }
  return val;
  }
  return string.Empty;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 服务器地址
 /// </summary>
 public string UpgradeUrl
 {
 get;
 set;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 更新完成后运行的主程序名称
 /// </summary>
 public string RunMain
 {
 get;
 set;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 更新程序名称
 /// </summary>
 public string AutoUpgrade
 {
 get;
 set;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 文件列表
 /// string 文件名
 /// string 版本号
 /// </summary>
 public Dictionary < string, string > DictFiles
 {
 get;
 set;
 }
}

服务端

服务端主Xml版本文件，包含所有的项目文件，客户端根据每个文件的版本号进行判断是否需要更新。如果需只更新某几个文件，则将对应文件的版本号更改只更高的版本号即可

版本xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Upgrade>
 <!--服务器地址-->
 <UpgradeUrl>http://localhost:17580</UpgradeUrl>
 <!--更新完成后运行的主程序名称-->
 <RunMain>ClientMain.exe</RunMain>
 <!--更新程序名称-->
 <AutoUpgrade>AutoUpgrade.exe</AutoUpgrade>
 <Files>
 <!--更新文件列表,以Version为标志,当Version改变时,客户端启动会自动更新。子路径格式：\image\index.jpg-->
 <File Version="01" Name="\image\index.jpg" />
 <File Version="01" Name="ClientMain.exe" />
 <File Version="01" Name="AutoUpgrade.exe" />
 </Files>
</Upgrade>

服务端主要提供连个可以通过Http的get或post访问的路径。一个用于获取版本Xml文件内容，一个用于下载指定文件的路径。以下代码示例通过asp.net mvc进行实现。大家可以根据自己技术方式参照实现。

自动升级服务Controller

/// <summary>
/// 自动升级服务
/// </summary>
public class UpgradeController: Controller
{
 //
 // GET: /Upgrade/
 /// <summary>
 /// 获取更新文件列表
 /// </summary>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public object UpgradeList()
 {
  string cacheKey = "Upgrade_UpgradeList.xml";
  string resStr = CommonLibrary.CacheClass.GetCache < string > (cacheKey);
  if(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(resStr))
  {
  string fileName = Server.MapPath(@"~\App_Data\UpgradeList.xml");
  if(System.IO.File.Exists(fileName))
  {
   resStr = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(fileName);
   CommonLibrary.CacheClass.SetCacheMins(cacheKey, resStr, 1);
  }
  }
  return resStr;
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 生成更新文件
 /// </summary>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public object Create()
 {
  UpgradeFileManager.CreateFiles(Server.MapPath("/App_Data"));
  return "ok";
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 下载文件
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="fileName"></param>
 /// <returns></returns>
 public object DownloadFile()
 {
  string fileName = PageRequest.GetString("fileName");
  fileName = Server.MapPath(string.Format(@"~\App_Data\{0}", fileName));
  return File(fileName, "application/octet-stream");
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 异常处理
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="filterContext"></param>
 protected override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
 {
 filterContext.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 400;
 filterContext.Result = Content(filterContext.Exception.GetBaseException().Message);
 filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;
 }
}

版本文件自动生成帮助类

/// <summary>
/// 此类主要作用，对于项目文件非常多，自己手动编辑很麻烦，可以采用此方法，指定目录自动生成初始化的版本文件
/// </summary>
public class UpgradeFileManager
{
 /// <summary>
 /// 创建版本文件
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="path"></param>
 public static void CreateFiles(string path)
 {
  List < string > dirList = new List < string > ();
  GetAllDirt(path, dirList); //获取所有目录
  dirList.Add(path);
  System.Text.StringBuilder xml = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
  xml.AppendLine("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" ?>");
  xml.AppendLine(" <Files>");
  foreach(var diry in dirList)
  {
  string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(diry);
  foreach(string filePath in files)
  {
   FileInfo info = new FileInfo(filePath);
   string name = filePath.Replace(path, "");
   if(info.Directory.FullName == path)
   {
   name = name.Remove(0, 1);
   }
   xml.AppendLine(string.Format(" <File Version=\"1\" Name=\"{0}\" />", name));
  }
  }
  xml.AppendLine("</Files>");
  using(StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(Path.Combine(path, "UpgradeList_Temp.xml")))
  {
  sw.Write(xml);
  sw.Close();
  }
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 获取所有子目录
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="curDir"></param>
 /// <param name="list"></param>
 private static void GetAllDirt(string curDir, List < string > list)
 {
 string[] dirs = Directory.GetDirectories(curDir);
 if(dirs.Length > 0)
 {
  foreach(string item in dirs)
  {
  list.Add(item);
  GetAllDirt(item, list);
  }
 }
 }
}

结语

源代码托管于GitHub，供大伙学习参考，项目地址：https://github.com/keguoquan/AutoUpgrade。感兴趣或觉得不错的望赏个star，不胜感激！

若能顺手点个赞，更加感谢！

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