Spring Cloud Feign实现文件上传下载的示例代码
目录
- 独立使用Feign
- 上传文件
- 下载文件
- 使用Spring Cloud Feign
- 上传文件
- 下载文件
- 总结
Feign框架对于文件上传消息体格式并没有做原生支持,需要集成模块feign-form来实现。
独立使用Feign
添加模块依赖:
<!-- Feign框架核心 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId> <artifactId>feign-core</artifactId> <version>11.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 支持表单格式,文件上传格式 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.github.openfeign.form</groupId> <artifactId>feign-form</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 文件操作工具类 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.11.0</version> </dependency>
上传文件
定义接口:
public interface FileUploadAPI { // 上传文件:参数为单个文件对象 @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/single") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("file") File file); // 上传文件:参数文多个文件对象 @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/batch") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("files") File[] files); // 上传文件:参数文多个文件对象 @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/batch") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("files") List<File> files); // 上传文件:参数为文件字节数组(这种方式在服务端无法获取文件名,不要使用) @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/single") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("file") byte[] bytes); // 上传文件:参数为FormData对象 @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/single") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("file") FormData photo); // 上传文件:参数为POJO对象 @RequestLine("POST /test/upload/single") @Headers("Content-Type: multipart/form-data") String upload(@Param("file") MyFile myFile); class MyFile { @FormProperty("is_public") Boolean isPublic; File file; public Boolean getPublic() { return isPublic; } public void setPublic(Boolean aPublic) { isPublic = aPublic; } public File getFile() { return file; } public void setFile(File file) { this.file = file; } } }
调用接口:
FileAPI fileAPI = Feign.builder() .encoder(new FormEncoder()) // 必须明确设置请求参数编码器 .logger(new Slf4jLogger()) .logLevel(Logger.Level.FULL) .target(FileAPI.class, "http://localhost:8080"); File file1 = new File("C:\\Users\\xxx\\Downloads\\test1.jpg"); File file2 = new File("C:\\Users\\xxx\\Downloads\\test2.jpg"); // 上传文件1:参数为文件对象 fileAPI.upload(file1); // 上传文件2:参数为字节数组(注意:在服务端无法获取到文件名) byte[] bytes = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file1); fileAPI.upload(bytes); // 上传文件3:参数为FormData对象 byte[] bytes = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file1); FormData formData = new FormData("image/jpg", "test1.jpg", bytes); String result = fileAPI.upload(formData); // 上传文件4:参数为POJO对象 FileAPI.MyFile myFile = new FileAPI.MyFile(); myFile.setPublic(true); myFile.setFile(file1); fileAPI.upload(myFile); // 上传文件:参数为多个文件 fileAPI.upload(new File[]{file1, file2}); fileAPI.upload(Arrays.asList(new File[]{file1, file2}));
下载文件
定义接口:
public interface FileDownloadAPI { // 下载文件 @RequestLine("GET /test/download/file") Response download(@QueryMap Map<String, Object> queryMap); }
调用接口:
// 下载文件时返回值为Response对象,不需要设置解码器 FileAPI fileAPI = Feign.builder() .logger(new Slf4jLogger()) .logLevel(Logger.Level.FULL) .target(FileAPI.class, "http://localhost:8080"); String fileName = "test.jpg"; Map<String, Object> queryMap = new HashMap<>(); queryMap.put("fileName", fileName); Response response = fileAPI.download(queryMap); if (response.status() == 200) { File downloadFile = new File("D:\\Downloads\\", fileName); FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(response.body().asInputStream(), downloadFile); }
使用Spring Cloud Feign
在Spring框架中使用Feign实现文件上传时需要依赖feign-form和feign-form-spring,这2个模块已经在“Spring Cloud Feign”中自带了,只需要添加spring-cloud-starter-openfeign依赖即可。
<!-- 集成Spring和Feign,包含了模块feign-form和feign-form-spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 文件操作工具类 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.11.0</version> </dependency>
上传文件
定义接口及配置:
@FeignClient(value = "FileAPI", url = "http://localhost:8080", configuration = FileUploadAPI.FileUploadAPIConfiguration.class) public interface FileUploadAPI { /** * 上传单个文件 * @param file * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/test/upload/single", method = RequestMethod.POST, headers = "Content-Type=multipart/form-data") String upload(@RequestPart("file") MultipartFile file); /** * 上传多个文件 * @param files * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/test/upload/batch", method = RequestMethod.POST, headers = "Content-Type=multipart/form-data") String upload(@RequestPart("files") List<MultipartFile> files); class FileUploadAPIConfiguration { @Autowired private ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters; @Bean public Encoder feignEncoder () { return new SpringFormEncoder(new SpringEncoder(messageConverters)); } @Bean public Logger feignLogger() { return new Slf4jLogger(); } @Bean public Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() { return Logger.Level.FULL; } } }
调用接口:
// 上传单个文件 File file = new File("C:\\Users\\xxx\\Downloads\\test1.jpg"); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); MockMultipartFile mockMultipartFile = new MockMultipartFile("file", file.getName(), "image/jpg", fis); this.fileUploadAPI.upload(mockMultipartFile); fis.close(); // 上传多个文件 File file1 = new File("C:\\Users\\xxx\\Downloads\\test1.jpg"); File file2 = new File("C:\\Users\\xxx\\Downloads\\test2.jpg"); FileInputStream fis1 = new FileInputStream(file1); FileInputStream fis2 = new FileInputStream(file2); MockMultipartFile f1 = new MockMultipartFile("files", file1.getName(), "image/jpg", fis1); MockMultipartFile f2 = new MockMultipartFile("files", file2.getName(), "image/jpg", fis2); this.fileUploadAPI.upload(Arrays.asList(new MockMultipartFile[]{f1, f2})); fis1.close(); fis2.close();
下载文件
定义接口:
@FeignClient(value = "FileDownloadAPI", url = "http://localhost:8080", configuration = FileDownloadAPI.FileDownloadAPIConfiguration.class) public interface FileDownloadAPI { /** * 下载文件 * @param fileName 文件名 * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/test/download/file", method = RequestMethod.GET) Response download(@RequestParam("fileName") String fileName); // 下载文件时返回值为Response对象,不需要设置解码器 class FileDownloadAPIConfiguration { @Bean public Logger feignLogger() { return new Slf4jLogger(); } @Bean public Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() { return Logger.Level.FULL; } } }
调用接口:
String fileName = "test.jpg"; Response response = this.fileDownloadAPI.download(fileName); File destFile = new File("D:\\Downloads\\", fileName); // 使用org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils工具类将输入流中的内容转存到文件 FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(response.body().asInputStream(), destFile);
总结
1.Feign框架需要集成模块feign-form才能支持文件上传的消息体格式。
2.不论是独立使用Feign,还是使用Spring Cloud Feign,下载文件时的返回值都必须为feign.Response类型。
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