java中httpclient封装post请求和get的请求实例

目录

• httpclient封装post请求和get的请求
• httpclient的post和get请求所用的代码
• HttpClient发送Get、Post请求的实践
• 1. 配置及实例化HttpClient
• 2. 发送Get请求方法
• 3. 发送Post请求方法
• 4. 编写测试用例，进行Get 、Post请求方法的测试

httpclient封装post请求和get的请求

在我们程序员生涯中，经常要复用代码，所以我们应该养成时常整理代码的好习惯，以下是我之前封装的

httpclient的post和get请求所用的代码

package com.marco.common;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/**
 * @author 马弦
 * @date 2017年10月23日 下午2:49
 * HttpClient工具类
 */
public class HttpUtil {

	private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);

	/**
	 * get请求
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doGet(String url) {
        try {
        	HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //发送get请求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

            /**请求发送成功，并得到响应**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**读取服务器返回过来的json字符串数据**/
                String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

                return strResult;
            }
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
        	e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return null;
	}

	/**
	 * post请求(用于key-value格式的参数)
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doPost(String url, Map params){

		BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            // 定义HttpClient
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            // 实例化HTTP方法
            HttpPost request = new HttpPost();
            request.setURI(new URI(url));

            //设置参数
            List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            for (Iterator iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
    			String name = (String) iter.next();
    			String value = String.valueOf(params.get(name));
    			nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));

    			//System.out.println(name +"-"+value);
    		}
            request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,HTTP.UTF_8));

            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
            int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if(code == 200){	//请求成功
            	in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity()
                        .getContent(),"utf-8"));
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
                String line = "";
                String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator");
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    sb.append(line + NL);
                }

                in.close();  

                return sb.toString();
            }
            else{	//
            	System.out.println("状态码：" + code);
            	return null;
            }
        }
        catch(Exception e){
        	e.printStackTrace();

        	return null;
        }
	}

	/**
	 * post请求（用于请求json格式的参数）
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception {

		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 创建httpPost
    	httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
    	httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    	String charSet = "UTF-8";
    	StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet);
    	httpPost.setEntity(entity);
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;

        try {

        	response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
            int state = status.getStatusCode();
            if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            	HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
            	String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
            	return jsonString;
            }
            else{
				 logger.error("请求返回:"+state+"("+url+")");
			}
        }
        finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            try {
				httpclient.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
        }
        return null;
	}
}

httpclient是一个非常常用的工具，在项目开发的时候，经常需要请求第三方的接口，我整理好了这段代码，以后回头找的时候就方便啦！

HttpClient发送Get、Post请求的实践

1. 配置及实例化HttpClient

private static final CloseableHttpClient httpclient;
	public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
	static{
		RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setSocketTimeout(3000).build();
		httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
	}

2. 发送Get请求方法

/**
	 * HTTP Get 获取内容
	 * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
	 * @param params请求的参数
	 * @param charset编码格式
	 * @return 页面内容
	 */
	public static String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException{
		if(params !=null && !params.isEmpty()){
			List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
			for (String key :params.keySet()){
				pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
			}
			url +="?"+EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs), CHARSET);
		}

		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
		int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		if(statusCode !=200){
			httpGet.abort();
			throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
		}
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        if (entity != null) {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            response.close();
            return result;
        }else{
        	return null;
        }
	}

3. 发送Post请求方法

	/**
	 * HTTP Post 获取内容
	 * @param url请求的url地址 ?之前的地址
	 * @param params请求的参数
	 * @param charset编码格式
	 * @return 页面内容
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws ClientProtocolException
	 */

	public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
	        List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
	        if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
	            pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
	            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
	                pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
	        }
	        }
	        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
	        if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) {
	            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET));
	        }
	        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
	        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
	        if (statusCode != 200) {
	            httpPost.abort();
	            throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
	        }
	        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
	        String result = null;
	        if (entity != null) {
	            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
	            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
		        response.close();
		        return result;
	        }else{
	        	 return null;
	        }
	}

4. 编写测试用例，进行Get 、Post请求方法的测试

4.1 测试Get方法，e .g：

	@Test
	public void testGet() throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException {
		String testUrl01 = "具体的测试接口地址";
		Map<String, Object> params01 = new HashMap<>();
		params01.put("参数01", "对应的参数取值");
		params01.put("参数02", "对应的参数取值");
		System.out.println(sendGet(testUrl01, params01));
	}

4.2 测试Post方法，e.g：

@Test
	public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
		String testUrl02 = "具体的测试接口地址";
		Map<String, Object> params02 = new HashMap<>();
		params02.put("参数01", "对应的参数取值");
		params02.put("参数02", "对应的参数取值");
		System.out.println(sendPost(testUrl02, params02));
	}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。