Flask框架运用Ajax实现数据交互的示例代码
目录
- 前后端发送字符串
- 前后端发送JSON数据
- 发送数据并携带token
- 收发JSON格式字符串
使用Ajax技术网页应用能够快速地将增量更新呈现在用户界面上,而不需要重载刷新整个页面,这使得程序能够更快地回应用户的操作,如下笔记将简单介绍使用AJAX如何实现前后端数据通信。
前后端发送字符串
前端代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function SendAjax(){ $.ajax({ url:"/", contentType: "POST", data:{"head":"hello lyshark"}, success:function(data){ if(data=="1"){ alert("请求已经提交."); } }, error:function(){ alert("执行失败了...") } }); } </script> <form action="/" method="post"> <input type="button" value="发送数据" onclick="SendAjax()"> </form> </body> </html>
Flask后端代码
from flask import Flask,render_template,request import json app = Flask(import_name=__name__, static_url_path='/python', # 配置静态文件的访问url前缀 static_folder='static', # 配置静态文件的文件夹 template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夹 @app.route('/', methods=["GET","POST"]) def index(): if request.method == "POST": # 接收数据 token = request.headers.get("Authorization") json_value = request.get_json() print(f"token = {token} username = {json_value['username']} password = {json_value['password']}") # 发送数据 info = dict() info["status"] = "success" info["page"] = "/test/lyshark" return jsonify(info) else: return render_template("index.html") if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)
前后端发送JSON数据
前端代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> function SendAjax() { var username = $('input[name="username"]').val(); var password = $('input[name="password"]').val(); $.ajax({ url:"/", type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", dataType: "json", headers: {"Authorization": "1a2cEFgh"}, <!--此处携带token--> data: JSON.stringify({"username":username,"password":password}), <!--此处携带JSON--> success:function(result) { console.log("状态码: " + result.status + " 页面: " + result.page); }, error:function() { console.log("执行失败了"); } }); } </script> <!--提交数据--> <form action="/" method="post"> 用户账号: <input type="text" placeholder="用户账号" name="username" /><br><br> 用户密码: <input type="text" placeholder="用户密码" name="password" /><br><br> <input type="button" value="发送数据" onclick="SendAjax()"> </form> </body> </html>
Flask后端代码
from flask import Flask,render_template,request from flask import jsonify app = Flask(import_name=__name__, static_url_path='/python', # 配置静态文件的访问url前缀 static_folder='static', # 配置静态文件的文件夹 template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夹 @app.route('/', methods=["GET","POST"]) def index(): if request.method == "POST": # 接收数据 token = request.headers.get("Authorization") json_value = request.get_json() print(f"token = {token} username = {json_value['username']} password = {json_value['password']}") # 发送数据 info = dict() info["status"] = "success" info["page"] = "/route/lyshark" return jsonify(info) else: return render_template("index.html") if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)
发送数据并携带token
前端代码部分
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> function SendAjax(){ var token = $('input[name="token"]').val(); $.ajax({ url:"./dataFromAjax", type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", headers:{"Authorization":token}, <!--此处携带token--> success:function(result){ alert("执行成功..."); }, error:function(){ alert("执行失败了..."); } }); } </script> <!--提交数据--> <form action="/dataFromAjax" method="post"> 设置token: <input type="text" placeholder="用户账号" name="token" /><br> <input type="button" value="发送数据" onclick="SendAjax()"> </form> </body> </html>
Flask后台部分
from flask import Flask,render_template,request from flask import jsonify app = Flask(import_name=__name__, static_url_path='/python', # 配置静态文件的访问url前缀 static_folder='static', # 配置静态文件的文件夹 template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夹 @app.route("/") def index(): return render_template("index.html") @app.route("/dataFromAjax",methods=['POST']) def recv(): token = request.headers.get("Authorization") print(token) return render_template("index.html") if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)
收发JSON格式字符串
前端部分
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/javascript/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> function GetAjax(){ $.ajax({ url:"/dataFromAjax", contentType: "GET", success:function(data){ alert("姓名: " + data.name + "年龄: " + data.age); }, error:function(){ alert("执行失败了...") } }); } </script> <!--提交数据--> <input type="button" class="MyButton" value="接收数据" onclick="GetAjax()"> </body> </html>
Flask后端部分
from flask import Flask,render_template,request from flask import jsonify app = Flask(import_name=__name__, static_url_path='/python', # 配置静态文件的访问url前缀 static_folder='static', # 配置静态文件的文件夹 template_folder='templates') # 配置模板文件的文件夹 @app.route("/") def index(): return render_template("index.html") @app.route("/dataFromAjax",methods=["GET","POST"]) def set(): info = dict() info['name'] = "lyshark" info['age'] = 22 return jsonify(info) if __name__ == '__main__': app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=80, debug=False)
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