ASP.NET Core使用HttpClient调用WebService

一、创建WebService

我们使用VS创建一个WebService，增加一个PostTest方法，方法代码如下

using System.Web.Services;

namespace WebServiceDemo
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebTest 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消注释以下行。
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class WebTest : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {

        [WebMethod]
        public string HelloWorld()
        {
            return "Hello World";
        }

        [WebMethod]
        public string PostTest(string para)
        {
            return $"返回参数{para}";
        }
    }
}

创建完成以后，我们发布WebService，并部署到IIS上面。保证可以在IIS正常浏览。

二、使用HttpClient调用WebService

我们使用VS创建一个ASP.NET Core WebAPI项目，由于是使用HttpClient，首先在ConfigureServices方法中进行注入

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    // 注入HttpClient
    services.AddHttpClient();
    services.AddControllers();
}

然后添加一个名为WebServiceTest的控制器，在控制器里面添加一个Get方法，在Get方法里面取调用WebService，控制器代码如下

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;

namespace HttpClientDemo.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/WebServiceTest")]
    [ApiController]
    public class WebServiceTestController : ControllerBase
    {
        readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过构造函数实现注入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="httpClientFactory"></param>
        public WebServiceTestController(IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory)
        {
            _httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<string> Get()
        {
            string strResult = "";
            try
            {
                // url地址格式：WebService地址+方法名称
                // WebService地址：http://localhost:5010/WebTest.asmx
                // 方法名称：  PostTest
                string url = "http://localhost:5010/WebTest.asmx/PostTest";
                // 参数
                Dictionary<string, string> dicParam = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                dicParam.Add("para", "1");
                // 将参数转化为HttpContent
                HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(dicParam);
                strResult = await PostHelper(url, content);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                strResult = ex.Message;
            }

            return strResult;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 封装使用HttpClient调用WebService
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">URL地址</param>
        /// <param name="content">参数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private async Task<string> PostHelper(string url, HttpContent content)
        {
            var result = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                using (var client = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient())
                using (var response = await client.PostAsync(url, content))
                {
                    if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                    {
                        result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
                        doc.LoadXml(result);
                        result = doc.InnerText;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                result = ex.Message;
            }
            return result;
        }
    }
}

然后启动调试，查看输出结果

调试的时候可以看到返回结果，在看看页面返回的结果

这样就完成了WebService的调用。生产环境中我们可以URL地址写在配置文件里面，然后程序里面去读取配置文件内容，这样就可以实现动态调用WebService了。我们对上面的方法进行改造，在appsettings.json文件里面配置URL地址

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  // url地址
  "url": "http://localhost:5010/WebTest.asmx/PostTest"
}

修改控制器的Get方法

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;

namespace HttpClientDemo.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/WebServiceTest")]
    [ApiController]
    public class WebServiceTestController : ControllerBase
    {
        readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;
        readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

        /// <summary>
        /// 通过构造函数实现注入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="httpClientFactory"></param>
        public WebServiceTestController(IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory, IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;
            _configuration = configuration;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<string> Get()
        {
            string strResult = "";
            try
            {
                // url地址格式：WebService地址+方法名称
                // WebService地址：http://localhost:5010/WebTest.asmx
                // 方法名称：  PostTest
                // 读取配置文件里面设置的URL地址
                //string url = "http://localhost:5010/WebTest.asmx/PostTest";
                string url = _configuration["url"];
                // 参数
                Dictionary<string, string> dicParam = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                dicParam.Add("para", "1");
                // 将参数转化为HttpContent
                HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(dicParam);
                strResult = await PostHelper(url, content);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                strResult = ex.Message;
            }

            return strResult;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 封装使用HttpClient调用WebService
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">URL地址</param>
        /// <param name="content">参数</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private async Task<string> PostHelper(string url, HttpContent content)
        {
            var result = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                using (var client = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient())
                using (var response = await client.PostAsync(url, content))
                {
                    if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                    {
                        result = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
                        doc.LoadXml(result);
                        result = doc.InnerText;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                result = ex.Message;
            }
            return result;
        }
    }
}

这样就可以动态调用WebService了。

到此这篇关于ASP.NET Core使用HttpClient调用WebService的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。