详解pytest分布式执行插件 pytest-xdist 的高级用法
想要使用多个CPU核心来进行测试,可以使用 -n 参数( 或者 --numprocesses)
(使用8个核心来跑测试用例)
pytest -n 8
使用 -n auto
参数可以利用电脑的所有核心来跑测试用例
测试时使用的算法可以根据--dist
命令参数定制:
--dist load
(默认选项):给每个CPU核心随机分配用例,不保证执行顺序。--dist loadscope
:对于测试函数,测试按模块分组,对于测试方法,测试按类分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的worker。这保证了组中的所有测试都在同一进程中运行。如果的模块级或类级fixtures,这将非常有用。按类分组优先于按模块分组。--dist loadfile
: 测试用例按其所在文件分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的worker。这保证了文件中的所有测试都在同一个辅助进程中运行。--dist loadgroup
: 测试按xdist_group标记分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的执行器。这保证了具有相同xdist_ group名称的所有测试都在同一个worker中运行。
@pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group1") def test1(): pass class TestA: @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1") def test2(): pass-
这将确保test1和TestA::test2将在同一个worker中运行。没有xdist_ group标记的测试在--dist=load模式下正常运行。
--dist no
:正常的pytest执行模式,一次运行一个测试(完全没有分发)。
例子:
项目目录结构
xdist_test.py
import logging import pytest class TestXdist(object): @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1") def test_one(self): logging.info("1") assert True @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1") def test_two(self): logging.info("2") assert True @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2") def test_three(self): logging.info("3") assert True @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2") def test_four(self): logging.info("4") assert True
xdist_dummy_test.py
import logging import pytest class TestXdist(object): @pytest.mark.run(order=1) @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1") def test_dummy_one(self): logging.info("d1") assert True @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1") @pytest.mark.run(order=2) def test_dummy_two(self): logging.info("d2") assert True @pytest.mark.run(order=3) @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2") def test_dummy_three(self): logging.info("d3") assert True @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2") @pytest.mark.run(order=4) def test_dummy_four(self): logging.info("d4") assert True
(venv) ➜ pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadscope =========================================================================== test session starts =========================================================================== platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0 rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6 [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8] scheduling tests via LoadScopeScheduling test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one [gw0] [ 12%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one [gw1] [ 25%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four [gw0] [ 75%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four [gw1] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four [gw0] [100%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.40s ============================================================================
(venv) ➜ pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadfile =========================================================================== test session starts =========================================================================== platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0 rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6 [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8] scheduling tests via LoadFileScheduling test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one [gw1] [ 12%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one [gw0] [ 25%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three [gw0] [ 75%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four [gw1] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four [gw0] [100%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.38s ============================================================================
(venv) ➜ pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadgroup =========================================================================== test session starts =========================================================================== platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0 rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6 [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41) -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8] scheduling tests via LoadGroupScheduling test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three@group2 test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one@group1 [gw1] [ 12%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three@group2 test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four@group2 [gw0] [ 25%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one@group1 [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four@group2 test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two@group1 [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two@group1 test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three@group2 [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three@group2 test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four@group2 [gw1] [ 75%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four@group2 test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one@group1 [gw0] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one@group1 test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two@group1 [gw0] [100%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two@group1 ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.40s ============================================================================
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