详解SpringCloud-Alibaba-Seata分布式事务

前言
Seata 是一款阿里巴巴开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于在微服务架构下提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。

Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC、SAGA 和 XA 事务模式，为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。

术语

TC (Transaction Coordinator) - 事务协调者
维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。

TM (Transaction Manager) - 事务管理器
定义全局事务的范围：开始全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务。

RM (Resource Manager) - 资源管理器
管理分支事务处理的资源，与TC交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚。
1.
XID:全局唯一事务ID
TC：事务协调器，维护全局事务的运行状态，负责协调并驱动全局的提交或回滚
TM：控制全局事务的边界，负责开启一全局事务，并最终发起全局提交或者回滚的决议
RM：控制分支事务，负责分支注册，状态汇报，并接受事务协调的指令，驱动分支的事务提交或者回滚
2.
TM向TC申请开启一个全局的事务，全局事务创建成功并生成一个唯一的全局ID，XID在微服务调用链路的上下文中传播
RM向TC注册分支事务，将其纳入XID对应事务的 管辖
TM向TC发起针对XID的全局提交或者回滚
TC调度XID下管辖的全部分支事务完成提交或者回滚

官方文档https://seata.io/zh-cn/docs/overview/what-is-seata.html

示例 win版
下载安装
https://github.com/seata/seata/releases/tag/v1.3.0

下载好的包解压 解压

配置 seata
打开\seata\seata\conf 下编辑 file.conf文件

修改数据库模式

file.conf 文件修改链接数据的 信息
修改本地mysql的地址与账号密码

file.conf 中的service也没有手动添加
vgroup_mapping.my_test_tx_group = “default”
default任意定义名字

service {
 #transaction service group mapping
 #修改，可不改,my_test_tx_grou。
 vgroup_mapping.my_test_tx_group = "default"
 #only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
 # 此服务的地址
 default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
 #disable seata
 disableGlobalTransaction = false
}

创建数据库 运行官方给的额Sql文件
我草！没有sql脚本， 0.9版本有sql脚本
网上找了一个

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `branch_table`;
CREATE TABLE `branch_table` (
 `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
 `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `resource_group_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `branch_type` varchar(8) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `status` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `client_id` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_create` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`) USING BTREE,
 INDEX `idx_xid`(`xid`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of branch_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for global_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `global_table`;
CREATE TABLE `global_table` (
 `xid` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `status` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
 `application_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `transaction_service_group` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `transaction_name` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `timeout` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `begin_time` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `application_data` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_create` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`xid`) USING BTREE,
 INDEX `idx_gmt_modified_status`(`gmt_modified`, `status`) USING BTREE,
 INDEX `idx_transaction_id`(`transaction_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of global_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for lock_table
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `lock_table`;
CREATE TABLE `lock_table` (
 `row_key` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
 `xid` varchar(96) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `transaction_id` bigint(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
 `resource_id` varchar(256) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `table_name` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `pk` varchar(36) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_create` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 `gmt_modified` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`) USING BTREE,
 INDEX `idx_branch_id`(`branch_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of lock_table
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for undo_log
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
 `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
 `xid` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
 `context` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
 `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
 `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
 `log_created` datetime(0) NOT NULL,
 `log_modified` datetime(0) NOT NULL,
 `ext` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
 UNIQUE INDEX `ux_undo_log`(`xid`, `branch_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

修改conf文件夹下 registry.conf ，
seata 支持注册nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
本地的nacos的地址

改完配置文件保存 测试
启动ncos 在启动seata

Seata 下bin目录

代码示例
pom

<dependency>
   <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
   <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
     <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
     <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
    </exclusion>
   </exclusions>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
   <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
   <version>1.3.0</version>
  </dependency>

使用库下创建`undo_log表

drop table `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
 `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
 `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
 `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
 `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
 `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
 `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
 `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
 `ext` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
 UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

yml

server:
 port: 2001

spring:
 application:
 name: seata-order-service
 cloud:
 alibaba:
  seata:
  #自定义事务组名称需要与seata-server中的对应
  tx-service-group: default
 nacos:
  discovery:
  server-addr: localhost:8848
 datasource:
 driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/seata_order
 username: root
 password: root

feign:
 hystrix:
 enabled: false

logging:
 level:
 io:
  seata: info

mybatis:
 mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

file.conf

transport {
 # tcp udt unix-domain-socket
 type = "TCP"
 #NIO NATIVE
 server = "NIO"
 #enable heartbeat
 heartbeat = true
 #thread factory for netty
 thread-factory {
 boss-thread-prefix = "NettyBoss"
 worker-thread-prefix = "NettyServerNIOWorker"
 server-executor-thread-prefix = "NettyServerBizHandler"
 share-boss-worker = false
 client-selector-thread-prefix = "NettyClientSelector"
 client-selector-thread-size = 1
 client-worker-thread-prefix = "NettyClientWorkerThread"
 # netty boss thread size,will not be used for UDT
 boss-thread-size = 1
 #auto default pin or 8
 worker-thread-size = 8
 }
 shutdown {
 # when destroy server, wait seconds
 wait = 3
 }
 serialization = "seata"
 compressor = "none"
}

service {

 vgroup_mapping.fsp_tx_group = "default" 

 default.grouplist = "127.0.0.1:8091"
 enableDegrade = false
 disable = false
 max.commit.retry.timeout = "-1"
 max.rollback.retry.timeout = "-1"
 disableGlobalTransaction = false
}

client {
 async.commit.buffer.limit = 10000
 lock {
 retry.internal = 10
 retry.times = 30
 }
 report.retry.count = 5
 tm.commit.retry.count = 1
 tm.rollback.retry.count = 1
}

## transaction log store
store {
 ## store mode: file、db
 mode = "db"

 ## file store
 file {
 dir = "sessionStore"

 # branch session size , if exceeded first try compress lockkey, still exceeded throws exceptions
 max-branch-session-size = 16384
 # globe session size , if exceeded throws exceptions
 max-global-session-size = 512
 # file buffer size , if exceeded allocate new buffer
 file-write-buffer-cache-size = 16384
 # when recover batch read size
 session.reload.read_size = 100
 # async, sync
 flush-disk-mode = async
 }

 ## database store
 db {
 ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp) etc.
 datasource = "dbcp"
 ## mysql/oracle/h2/oceanbase etc.
 db-type = "mysql"
 driver-class-name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
 url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata"
 user = "root"
 password = "root"
 min-conn = 1
 max-conn = 3
 global.table = "global_table"
 branch.table = "branch_table"
 lock-table = "lock_table"
 query-limit = 100
 }
}
lock {
 ## the lock store mode: local、remote
 mode = "remote"

 local {
 ## store locks in user's database
 }

 remote {
 ## store locks in the seata's server
 }
}
recovery {
 #schedule committing retry period in milliseconds
 committing-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule asyn committing retry period in milliseconds
 asyn-committing-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule rollbacking retry period in milliseconds
 rollbacking-retry-period = 1000
 #schedule timeout retry period in milliseconds
 timeout-retry-period = 1000
}

transaction {
 undo.data.validation = true
 undo.log.serialization = "jackson"
 undo.log.save.days = 7
 #schedule delete expired undo_log in milliseconds
 undo.log.delete.period = 86400000
 undo.log.table = "undo_log"
}

## metrics settings
metrics {
 enabled = false
 registry-type = "compact"
 # multi exporters use comma divided
 exporter-list = "prometheus"
 exporter-prometheus-port = 9898
}

support {
 ## spring
 spring {
 # auto proxy the DataSource bean
 datasource.autoproxy = false
 }
}

registry.conf

registry {
 # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
 type = "nacos"

 nacos {
 serverAddr = "localhost:8848"
 namespace = ""
 cluster = "default"
 }
 eureka {
 serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8761/eureka"
 application = "default"
 weight = "1"
 }
 redis {
 serverAddr = "localhost:6379"
 db = "0"
 }
 zk {
 cluster = "default"
 serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
 session.timeout = 6000
 connect.timeout = 2000
 }
 consul {
 cluster = "default"
 serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
 }
 etcd3 {
 cluster = "default"
 serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
 }
 sofa {
 serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:9603"
 application = "default"
 region = "DEFAULT_ZONE"
 datacenter = "DefaultDataCenter"
 cluster = "default"
 group = "SEATA_GROUP"
 addressWaitTime = "3000"
 }
 file {
 name = "file.conf"
 }
}

config {
 # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
 type = "file"

 nacos {
 serverAddr = "localhost"
 namespace = ""
 }
 consul {
 serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8500"
 }
 apollo {
 app.id = "seata-server"
 apollo.meta = "http://192.168.1.204:8801"
 }
 zk {
 serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:2181"
 session.timeout = 6000
 connect.timeout = 2000
 }
 etcd3 {
 serverAddr = "http://localhost:2379"
 }
 file {
 name = "file.conf"
 }
}

@GlobalTransactional(name = "tang,rollbackFor = Exception.class)开启全局事物

@Override
 @GlobalTransactional(name = "tang,rollbackFor = Exception.class)
 public void create(Providers providers ){
  test1Mapper.add(providers);
  test2Mapper.add(providers)
  }

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