Java Comparator.comparing比较导致空指针异常的解决

Java Comparator.comparing比较导致空指针异常

Comparator.comparing(Department::getOrder)

原因：

public static <T, U extends Comparable<? super U>> Comparator<T> comparing(
        Function<? super T, ? extends U> keyExtractor)
{
    Objects.requireNonNull(keyExtractor);
    return (Comparator<T> & Serializable)
        (c1, c2) -> keyExtractor.apply(c1).compareTo(keyExtractor.apply(c2));
}

如果keyExtractor.apply(c1)，那么keyExtractor.apply(c1).compareTo(XX)将报空指针异常

替代方案

Comparator.comparing(Department::getOrder, Comparator.nullsFirst(Comparator.naturalOrder()))

替代方案好处：

public static <T, U> Comparator<T> comparing(
        Function<? super T, ? extends U> keyExtractor,
        Comparator<? super U> keyComparator)
{
    Objects.requireNonNull(keyExtractor);
    Objects.requireNonNull(keyComparator);
    return (Comparator<T> & Serializable)
        (c1, c2) -> keyComparator.compare(keyExtractor.apply(c1),
                                          keyExtractor.apply(c2));
}

会先取出keyExtractor.apply(c1)和keyExtractor.apply(c2)，放入比较器进行比较

而Comparator.nullsFirst作为比较器，会创建一个Comparators.NullComparator比较器

public static <T> Comparator<T> nullsFirst(Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
    return new Comparators.NullComparator<>(true, comparator);
}

Comparators.NullComparator比较器的compare接口实现中先进行空值判断处理，不为空的再进行代入比较器比较

/**
 * Null-friendly comparators
 */
final static class NullComparator<T> implements Comparator<T>, Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -7569533591570686392L;
    private final boolean nullFirst;
    // if null, non-null Ts are considered equal
    private final Comparator<T> real;
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    NullComparator(boolean nullFirst, Comparator<? super T> real) {
        this.nullFirst = nullFirst;
        this.real = (Comparator<T>) real;
    }
    @Override
    public int compare(T a, T b) {
        if (a == null) {
            return (b == null) ? 0 : (nullFirst ? -1 : 1);
        } else if (b == null) {
            return nullFirst ? 1: -1;
        } else {
            return (real == null) ? 0 : real.compare(a, b);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Comparator<T> thenComparing(Comparator<? super T> other) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(other);
        return new NullComparator<>(nullFirst, real == null ? other : real.thenComparing(other));
    }
    @Override
    public Comparator<T> reversed() {
        return new NullComparator<>(!nullFirst, real == null ? null : real.reversed());
    }
}

Comparator中comparing方法的学习

例子：

我们需要根据对象中的name字段进行不规则排序

排序规则为(PPD > 政府 > 合作)

public class Obj {
    private String name;
    private BigDecimal price;
    ......
}

@Test
    public void sort() {
        List<Obj> list =  Arrays.asList(
                new Obj("政府", null),
                new Obj("政府", new BigDecimal("1216.23")),
                new Obj("商业", new BigDecimal("123.23")),
                new Obj("PPD", new BigDecimal("123.23")),
                new Obj("合作", new BigDecimal("127.23")),
                new Obj(null, new BigDecimal("125.23")));
        List<String> sortList =  Arrays.asList("PPD","政府","合作");
        List<Obj> result = list.stream().sorted(
                //先按照name排序（模拟需求的a属性排序）
                Comparator.comparing(Obj::getName,(x,y)-> {
                    if(x == null && y != null){
                        return 1;
                    }else if(x !=null && y == null){
                        return -1;
                    }else if(x == null && y == null){
                        return -1;
                    } else {
                    for(String sort : sortList){
                        if(sort.equals(x) || sort.equals(y)){
                            if(x.equals(y)){
                                return 0;
                            }else if(sort.equals(x)){
                                return -1;
                            }else{
                                return 1;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    return 0;
                    }
                })).collect(Collectors.toList());
        System.out.println(result);
    }

1.实现

comparing方法有两种实现

方法1:只有一个参数,参数的类型是一个函数式接口

方法2:

问：这个方法中泛型是怎么传递的

1、list.stream()时,获取的stream流已经确定了泛型了,此时返回的对象为Stream<Obj>

2、Stream对象的sorted方法,需要比较器的类型需要是Obj.calss或者是Obj的父类

3、而我们这边调用了静态方法Comparator.comparing,静态方法中的泛型是根据传的参数中的类型来决定的

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。