Centos下Oracle11gR2安装教程与自动化配置脚本的方法

系统环境准备

开发组件与依赖库安装

安装centos时选择Server with GUI，右面的可以不勾选，后面统一来装

配置本地yum源

以上包如果缺乏可配置本地yum源进行安装

sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

[galen@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo
[galen@localhost yum.repos.d]$ cat cdrom.repo
[c7-media]
name=isofile
baseurl=file:///mnt
enable=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[galen@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-bak
[galen@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo mv CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Media.repo-bak
[galen@localhost yum.repos.d]$ sudo mv cdrom.repo CentOS-Media.repo

配置好yum源后开始安装依赖库，如下

yum install glibc glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh compat-libcap1  compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf-devel gcc-c++

关闭防火墙

[galen@localhost ~]$ systemctl stop firewalld.service
[galen@localhost ~]$ systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

关闭selinux

编辑/etc/sysconfig/selinux文件，保存退出后执行 setenforce 0命令

vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted  #注释掉

创建oracle用户、修改系统参数

创oracle建用户和组

[root@localhost galen]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost galen]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost galen]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@localhost galen]# passwd oracle

[root@localhost galen]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)

系统参数设置

官方推荐值：

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912 #推荐超过一半的物理内存
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 

通过 /sbin/sysctl -a |grep xxx 查看系统各参数，如果大于官方推荐值不修改，如果小于官方推荐值则修改为官方推荐值，写入/etc/sysctl.conf文件中，使用sysctl -p使其生效，示例如下

[root@localhost etc]# cat sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

修改资源限制如下

[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle		soft		nproc		2048
oracle		hard		nproc		16384
oracle		soft		nofile		1024
oracle		hard		nofile		65536
oracle		soft		stack		10240 

添加以下内容到/etc/pam.d/login

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required  pam_limits.so

添加以下内容到/etc/profile

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
if [[ $USER = "oracle" ]]; then
	if [[ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]]; then
		ulimit -p 16384
		ulimit -n 65536
	else
		ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
	fi
fi

保存后执行source /etc/profile生效

配置oracle用户环境变量，在/home/oracle/.bash_profile中加入如下内容

[root@localhost ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG=american_AMERICA.UTF8
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

创建oracle安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R 775 /u01/app

安装oracle 11g

挂载oracle11g安装包iso（也可以通过其他方式将oracle安装包传到主机），将安装文件复制到oracle home目录下，修改文件权限给oracle用户

[root@localhost /]# mkdir /mnt/oracle11g
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/oracle11g/
[root@localhost /]# cp -r /mnt/oracle11g /home/oracle/
# 复制到oracle home目录下并修改权限
[root@localhost oracle]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/oracle11g/
[root@localhost oracle]# chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/oracle11g/

接下来使用oracle用户登录桌面

执行./runInstaller开始安装，Centos 7安装的时候错误弹框有时候会变成一条竖线，安装无法进行下去，所以运行时执行

./runInstaller -jreLoc /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0

每项操作如下

[Configure Security Updates] 取消勾选 I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support，Next

[Installation Option] Install database software only，Next

[Grid Options] Next

[Product Languages] Next

[Enterprise Edition] Next

[Installation Location] Next

[Create Inventory] Next

[Operating System Groups] Next

[Prerequisite Checks] Next

[Summary] Finish，开始安装oracle 11g

安装到84%的时候可能会出现ins_ctx.mk相关的错误，如下

修改/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk文件

# 源文件
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
    $(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK)
# 修改为
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
    -static $(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK) /usr/lib64/stdc.a

修改/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk文件

# 源文件
$(SYSMANBIN)emdctl:
    $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
# 修改为
$(SYSMANBIN)emdctl:
    $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11

retry继续安装到94%时，弹出

使用root用户ssh到主机到上述目录分别执行orainstRoot.sh与root.sh，执行root.sh时根据提示填入路径

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin，执行完成后到UI点击OK，安装完成

环境配置脚本

1. 使用root用户登录
2. 确保系统iso驱动器已连接（/dev/cdrom可mount）
3. 复制脚本到主机并给予可执行权限，执行脚本完成后即可开始安装oracle 11g

oracle 11g环境配置脚本

#!/bin/bash

# 配置yum源为本地iso
function set_yum_media() {
  cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
  for repo_file in `ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ | grep -v Media`
  do
    new_file=$repo_file.bak
    mv $repo_file $new_file
  done
  mkdir -p /mnt/media-dir
  mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/media-dir
  sed -i -e 's/baseurl=file:\/\/\/.*/baseurl=file:\/\/\/mnt\/media-dir\//g' -e 's/enabled=0/enabled=1/g' `ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ | grep Media`
  cd -
	rm -rf /var/run/yum.pid
  yum -y update
}

function install_packages() {
  for package in glibc glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pdksh compat-libcap1  compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf-devel gcc-c++
  do
    yum -y install $package
  done
}

function create_oracle_user() {
	groupadd oinstall
	groupadd dba
	useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
	# 设置oracle用户密码为oracle
	echo oracle|passwd --stdin oracle
}

function set_system_parm() {
	sed -i '$a\fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\fs.file-max = 6815744' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\kernel.shmall = 2097152' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\kernel.shmmax = 536870912' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\kernel.shmmni = 4096' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\net.core.rmem_default = 262144' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\net.core.rmem_max = 4194304' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\net.core.wmem_default = 262144' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sed -i '$a\net.core.wmem_max = 1048586' /etc/sysctl.conf
	sysctl -p
}

function set_system_limit_parm() {
	sed -i '$a\oracle		soft		nproc		2048' /etc/security/limits.conf
	sed -i '$a\oracle		hard		nproc		16384' /etc/security/limits.conf
	sed -i '$a\oracle		soft		nofile		1024' /etc/security/limits.conf
	sed -i '$a\oracle		hard		nofile		65536' /etc/security/limits.conf
	sed -i '$a\oracle		soft		stack		10240' /etc/security/limits.conf
}

function set_profile_parm() {
	sed -i '$a\session required  pam_limits.so' /etc/pam.d/login
	sed -i '$a\if [[ $USER = "oracle" ]]; then' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\  if [[ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]]; then' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\    ulimit -p 16384' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\    ulimit -n 65536' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\  else' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\  fi' /etc/profile
	sed -i '$a\fi' /etc/profile
	source /etc/profile
}

function set_oracle_env() {
	sed -i '$a\export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export ORACLE_SID=orcl' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export NLS_LANG=american_AMERICA.UTF8' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	sed -i '$a\export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"' /home/oracle/.bash_profile
	source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
}

function create_oracle_dir() {
	mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
	chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
	chmod -R 775 /u01/app
}

function disable_firewall() {
	systemctl stop firewalld.service
	systemctl disable firewalld.service
	sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/sysconfig/selinux
	setenforce 0
}

if [ `whoami` == "root" ]
then
	set_yum_media
	install_packages
	create_oracle_user
	echo "set system parm"
	set_system_parm
	echo "set limits"
	set_system_limit_parm
	echo "set /etc/profile"
	set_profile_parm
	echo "set oracle env"
	set_oracle_env
	echo "create oracle dir"
	create_oracle_dir
	echo "disable firwall"
	disable_firewall
fi

到此这篇关于Centos下Oracle11gR2安装教程与自动化配置脚本的方法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Oracle11gR2安装与自动化配置内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们！