Android应用保活实践详解
最近在做的项目中需要app在后台常驻,用于实时上传一些健康信息数据,便于后台实时查看用户的健康状况。自从Android7.0以上后台常驻实现越来越难,尤其是8.0及以上。关于保活的文章比比皆是,但是效果并不理想,关于保活的方法也就常说的哪几种,重点在于怎么组合运用。最终实现效果为:用户不主动强制杀死的话,能够一直存活(小米,华为,vivo,oppo,三星)。其中三星s8,华为nova2s用户强制杀死也能存活。
项目结构
常见的保活方案
关于Android应用保活的文章很多,这里不再阐述,可自行百度。重点在于运用这样方案来实现保活功能。
代码实现
1.监听锁屏广播,开启1个像素的Activity。
在锁屏的时候启动一个1个像素的Activity,当用户解锁以后将这个Activity结束掉。
定义一个1像素的Activity,在该Activity中动态注册自定义的广播。
class OnePixelActivity : AppCompatActivity() { private lateinit var br: BroadcastReceiver override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) //设定一像素的activity val window = window window.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT or Gravity.TOP) val params = window.attributes params.x = 0 params.y = 0 params.height = 1 params.width = 1 window.attributes = params //在一像素activity里注册广播接受者 接受到广播结束掉一像素 br = object : BroadcastReceiver() { override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) { finish() } } registerReceiver(br, IntentFilter("finish activity")) checkScreenOn() } override fun onResume() { super.onResume() checkScreenOn() } override fun onDestroy() { try { //销毁的时候解锁广播 unregisterReceiver(br) } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) { } super.onDestroy() } /** * 检查屏幕是否点亮 */ private fun checkScreenOn() { val pm = this@OnePixelActivity.getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE) as PowerManager val isScreenOn = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT_WATCH) { pm.isInteractive } else { pm.isScreenOn } if (isScreenOn) { finish() } } }
2.双进程守护
定义一个本地服务,在该服务中播放无声音乐,并绑定远程服务。
class LocalService : Service() { private var mediaPlayer: MediaPlayer? = null private var mBilder: MyBilder? = null override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() if (mBilder == null) { mBilder = MyBilder() } } override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder? { return mBilder } override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int { //播放无声音乐 if (mediaPlayer == null) { mediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.novioce) //声音设置为0 mediaPlayer?.setVolume(0f, 0f) mediaPlayer?.isLooping = true//循环播放 play() } //启用前台服务,提升优先级 if (KeepLive.foregroundNotification != null) { val intent2 = Intent(applicationContext, NotificationClickReceiver::class.java) intent2.action = NotificationClickReceiver.CLICK_NOTIFICATION val notification = NotificationUtils.createNotification(this, KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getTitle(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getDescription(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getIconRes(), intent2) startForeground(13691, notification) } //绑定守护进程 try { val intent3 = Intent(this, RemoteService::class.java) this.bindService(intent3, connection, Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT) } catch (e: Exception) { } //隐藏服务通知 try { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 25) { startService(Intent(this, HideForegroundService::class.java)) } } catch (e: Exception) { } if (KeepLive.keepLiveService != null) { KeepLive.keepLiveService!!.onWorking() } return Service.START_STICKY } private fun play() { if (mediaPlayer != null && !mediaPlayer!!.isPlaying) { mediaPlayer?.start() } } private inner class MyBilder : GuardAidl.Stub() { @Throws(RemoteException::class) override fun wakeUp(title: String, discription: String, iconRes: Int) { } } private val connection = object : ServiceConnection { override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName) { val remoteService = Intent(this@LocalService, RemoteService::class.java) this@LocalService.startService(remoteService) val intent = Intent(this@LocalService, RemoteService::class.java) this@LocalService.bindService(intent, this, Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT) } override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName, service: IBinder) { try { if (mBilder != null && KeepLive.foregroundNotification != null) { val guardAidl = GuardAidl.Stub.asInterface(service) guardAidl.wakeUp(KeepLive.foregroundNotification?.getTitle(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification?.getDescription(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getIconRes()) } } catch (e: RemoteException) { e.printStackTrace() } } } override fun onDestroy() { super.onDestroy() unbindService(connection) if (KeepLive.keepLiveService != null) { KeepLive.keepLiveService?.onStop() } } }
定义一个远程服务,绑定本地服务。
class RemoteService : Service() { private var mBilder: MyBilder? = null override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() if (mBilder == null) { mBilder = MyBilder() } } override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder? { return mBilder } override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int { try { this.bindService(Intent(this@RemoteService, LocalService::class.java), connection, Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT) } catch (e: Exception) { } return Service.START_STICKY } override fun onDestroy() { super.onDestroy() unbindService(connection) } private inner class MyBilder : GuardAidl.Stub() { @Throws(RemoteException::class) override fun wakeUp(title: String, discription: String, iconRes: Int) { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 25) { val intent = Intent(applicationContext, NotificationClickReceiver::class.java) intent.action = NotificationClickReceiver.CLICK_NOTIFICATION val notification = NotificationUtils.createNotification(this@RemoteService, title, discription, iconRes, intent) this@RemoteService.startForeground(13691, notification) } } } private val connection = object : ServiceConnection { override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName) { val remoteService = Intent(this@RemoteService, LocalService::class.java) this@RemoteService.startService(remoteService) this@RemoteService.bindService(Intent(this@RemoteService, LocalService::class.java), this, Context.BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT) } override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName, service: IBinder) {} } } /** * 通知栏点击广播接受者 */ class NotificationClickReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() { companion object { const val CLICK_NOTIFICATION = "CLICK_NOTIFICATION" } override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) { if (intent.action == NotificationClickReceiver.CLICK_NOTIFICATION) { if (KeepLive.foregroundNotification != null) { if (KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getForegroundNotificationClickListener() != null) { KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getForegroundNotificationClickListener()?.foregroundNotificationClick(context, intent) } } } } }
3.JobScheduler
JobScheduler和JobService是安卓在api 21中增加的接口,用于在某些指定条件下执行后台任务。
定义一个JobService,开启本地服务和远程服务
@SuppressWarnings(value = ["unchecked", "deprecation"]) @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) class JobHandlerService : JobService() { private var mJobScheduler: JobScheduler? = null override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int { var startId = startId startService(this) if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) { mJobScheduler = getSystemService(Context.JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE) as JobScheduler val builder = JobInfo.Builder(startId++, ComponentName(packageName, JobHandlerService::class.java.name)) if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) { builder.setMinimumLatency(JobInfo.DEFAULT_INITIAL_BACKOFF_MILLIS) //执行的最小延迟时间 builder.setOverrideDeadline(JobInfo.DEFAULT_INITIAL_BACKOFF_MILLIS) //执行的最长延时时间 builder.setMinimumLatency(JobInfo.DEFAULT_INITIAL_BACKOFF_MILLIS) builder.setBackoffCriteria(JobInfo.DEFAULT_INITIAL_BACKOFF_MILLIS, JobInfo.BACKOFF_POLICY_LINEAR)//线性重试方案 } else { builder.setPeriodic(JobInfo.DEFAULT_INITIAL_BACKOFF_MILLIS) } builder.setRequiredNetworkType(JobInfo.NETWORK_TYPE_ANY) builder.setRequiresCharging(true) // 当插入充电器,执行该任务 mJobScheduler?.schedule(builder.build()) } return Service.START_STICKY } private fun startService(context: Context) { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { if (KeepLive.foregroundNotification != null) { val intent = Intent(applicationContext, NotificationClickReceiver::class.java) intent.action = NotificationClickReceiver.CLICK_NOTIFICATION val notification = NotificationUtils.createNotification(this, KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getTitle(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getDescription(), KeepLive.foregroundNotification!!.getIconRes(), intent) startForeground(13691, notification) } } //启动本地服务 val localIntent = Intent(context, LocalService::class.java) //启动守护进程 val guardIntent = Intent(context, RemoteService::class.java) startService(localIntent) startService(guardIntent) } override fun onStartJob(jobParameters: JobParameters): Boolean { if (!isServiceRunning(applicationContext, "com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.LocalService") || !isServiceRunning(applicationContext, "$packageName:remote")) { startService(this) } return false } override fun onStopJob(jobParameters: JobParameters): Boolean { if (!isServiceRunning(applicationContext, "com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.LocalService") || !isServiceRunning(applicationContext, "$packageName:remote")) { startService(this) } return false } private fun isServiceRunning(ctx: Context, className: String): Boolean { var isRunning = false val activityManager = ctx .getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE) as ActivityManager val servicesList = activityManager .getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE) val l = servicesList.iterator() while (l.hasNext()) { val si = l.next() if (className == si.service.className) { isRunning = true } } return isRunning } }
4.播放无声音乐
这里使用的是有声的mp3文件,只是在代码中把声音设置成了0;如果使用真正的无声的音乐文件,在oppo手机上按下返回键会被立刻杀死,并且在三星手机,华为nova2s强制杀死也会被杀死,所有使用了有声的文件。
5.提高Service优先级
在 onStartCommand()
方法中开启一个通知,提高进程的优先级。注意:从Android 8.0(API级别26)开始,所有通知必须要分配一个渠道,对于每个渠道,可以单独设置视觉和听觉行为。然后用户可以在设置中修改这些设置,根据应用程序来决定哪些通知可以显示或者隐藏。
定义一个通知工具类,兼容8.0
class NotificationUtils(context: Context) : ContextWrapper(context) { private var manager: NotificationManager? = null private var id: String = context.packageName + "51" private var name: String = context.packageName private var context: Context = context private var channel: NotificationChannel? = null companion object { @SuppressLint("StaticFieldLeak") private var notificationUtils: NotificationUtils? = null fun createNotification(context: Context, title: String, content: String, icon: Int, intent: Intent): Notification? { if (notificationUtils == null) { notificationUtils = NotificationUtils(context) } var notification: Notification? = null notification = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) { notificationUtils?.createNotificationChannel() notificationUtils?.getChannelNotification(title, content, icon, intent)?.build() } else { notificationUtils?.getNotification_25(title, content, icon, intent)?.build() } return notification } } @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O) fun createNotificationChannel() { if (channel == null) { channel = NotificationChannel(id, name, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_MIN) channel?.enableLights(false) channel?.enableVibration(false) channel?.vibrationPattern = longArrayOf(0) channel?.setSound(null, null) getManager().createNotificationChannel(channel) } } private fun getManager(): NotificationManager { if (manager == null) { manager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager } return manager!! } @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O) fun getChannelNotification(title: String, content: String, icon: Int, intent: Intent): Notification.Builder { //PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT 这个类型才能传值 val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT) return Notification.Builder(context, id) .setContentTitle(title) .setContentText(content) .setSmallIcon(icon) .setAutoCancel(true) .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) } fun getNotification_25(title: String, content: String, icon: Int, intent: Intent): NotificationCompat.Builder { val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT) return NotificationCompat.Builder(context, id) .setContentTitle(title) .setContentText(content) .setSmallIcon(icon) .setAutoCancel(true) .setVibrate(longArrayOf(0)) .setSound(null) .setLights(0, 0, 0) .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) } }
使用
将保活的功能封装成了一个单独的库,依赖该库即可。
app中使用:
KeepLive.startWork(this, KeepLive.RunMode.ROGUE, ForegroundNotification("Title", "message", R.mipmap.ic_launcher, object : ForegroundNotificationClickListener { override fun foregroundNotificationClick(context: Context, intent: Intent) { //点击通知回调 } }), object : KeepLiveService { override fun onStop() { //可能调用多次,跟onWorking匹配调用 } override fun onWorking() { //一直存活,可能调用多次 } })
清单文件配置:
<!--权限配置--> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REORDER_TASKS" /> <!--保活相关配置--> <receiver android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.receiver.NotificationClickReceiver" /> <activity android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.activity.OnePixelActivity" /> <service android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.LocalService" /> <service android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.HideForegroundService" /> <service android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.JobHandlerService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" /> <service android:name="com.xiyang51.keeplive.service.RemoteService" android:process=":remote" />
代码地址 github
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