解决python tkinter界面卡死的问题

如果点击按钮，运行了一个比较耗时的操作，那么界面会卡死。

import tkinter as tk
import time

def onclick(text, i):
  time.sleep(3)
  text.insert(tk.END, '按了第{}个按钮\n'.format(i))

root = tk.Tk()

text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()

tk.Button(root, text='按钮1', command=lambda :onclick(text,1)).pack()
tk.Button(root, text='按钮2', command=lambda :onclick(text,2)).pack()

root.mainloop()

解决办法：

方式一、直接开线程

import tkinter as tk
import time
import threading

songs = ['爱情买卖','朋友','回家过年','好日子']
movies = ['阿凡达','猩球崛起']

def music(songs):
  global text # 故意的，注意与movie的区别
  for s in songs:
    text.insert(tk.END, "听歌曲：%s \t-- %s\n" %(s, time.ctime()))
    time.sleep(3)

def movie(movies, text):
  for m in movies:
    text.insert(tk.END, "看电影：%s \t-- %s\n" %(m, time.ctime()))
    time.sleep(5)

def thread_it(func, *args):
  '''将函数打包进线程'''
  # 创建
  t = threading.Thread(target=func, args=args)
  # 守护 !!!
  t.setDaemon(True)
  # 启动
  t.start()
  # 阻塞--卡死界面！
  # t.join()

root = tk.Tk()

text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()

tk.Button(root, text='音乐', command=lambda :thread_it(music, songs)).pack()
tk.Button(root, text='电影', command=lambda :thread_it(movie, movies, text)).pack()

root.mainloop()

方式二、继承 threading.Thread 类

import tkinter as tk
import time
import threading

songs = ['爱情买卖','朋友','回家过年','好日子']
movies = ['阿凡达','猩球崛起']

def music(songs):
  global text # 故意的，注意与movie的区别
  for s in songs:
    text.insert(tk.END, "听歌曲：%s \t-- %s\n" %(s, time.ctime()))
    time.sleep(3)

def movie(movies, text):
  for m in movies:
    text.insert(tk.END, "看电影：%s \t-- %s\n" %(m, time.ctime()))
    time.sleep(5)

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
  def __init__(self, func, *args):
    super().__init__()

    self.func = func
    self.args = args

    self.setDaemon(True)
    self.start()  # 在这里开始

  def run(self):
    self.func(*self.args)

root = tk.Tk()

text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()

tk.Button(root, text='音乐', command=lambda :MyThread(music, songs)).pack()
tk.Button(root, text='电影', command=lambda :MyThread(movie, movies, text)).pack()

root.mainloop()

三、或者，搞一个界面类：

import tkinter as tk
import time
import threading

songs = ['爱情买卖','朋友','回家过年','好日子']
films = ['阿凡达','猩球崛起']

class Application(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
    super().__init__()

    self.createUI()

  # 生成界面
  def createUI(self):
    self.text = tk.Text(self)
    self.text.pack()

    tk.Button(self, text='音乐', command=lambda :self.thread_it(self.music, songs)).pack(expand=True, side=tk.RIGHT) # 注意lambda语句的作用！
    tk.Button(self, text='电影', command=lambda :self.thread_it(self.movie, films)).pack(expand=True, side=tk.LEFT)

  # 逻辑：听音乐
  def music(self, songs):
    for x in songs:
      self.text.insert(tk.END, "听歌曲：%s \t-- %s\n" %(x, time.ctime()))
      print("听歌曲：%s \t-- %s" %(x, time.ctime()))
      time.sleep(3)

  # 逻辑：看电影
  def movie(self, films):
    for x in films:
      self.text.insert(tk.END, "看电影：%s \t-- %s\n" %(x, time.ctime()))
      print("看电影：%s \t-- %s" %(x, time.ctime()))
      time.sleep(5)

  # 打包进线程（耗时的操作）
  @staticmethod
  def thread_it(func, *args):
    t = threading.Thread(target=func, args=args)
    t.setDaemon(True)  # 守护--就算主界面关闭，线程也会留守后台运行（不对!）
    t.start()      # 启动
    # t.join()     # 阻塞--会卡死界面！

app = Application()
app.mainloop()

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