SpringBoot启动遇到的异常问题及解决方案

目录

• SpringBoot启动遇到异常
• 1、问题
• 2、异常
• 3、异常
• 4、异常
• 5、异常
• 6、异常
• 7、异常
• SpringBoot优雅的处理异常
• 使用异常
• 创建统一异常类
• 测试

SpringBoot启动遇到异常

1、 问题

SpringBoot本身需要引入自身的一个parent,但是pom里面一般都已经存在了一个parent，这时就不能在引入springBoot的parent

解决方案：

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>

2、异常

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot instantiate interface org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener : org.springframework.boot.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener
。。。。。。
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/event/GenericApplicationListener

解决方案：

这个问题可能是由于Spring的版本低导致，升级spring版本。亲测到4.2.5.RELEASE可以

<org.springframework.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>

3、异常

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: LoggerFactory is not a Logback LoggerContext but Logback is on the classpath. Either remove Logback or the competing implementation (class org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory loaded from file:/D:/maven/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.5/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar). If you are using WebLogic you will need to add 'org.slf4j' to prefer-application-packages in WEB-INF/weblogic.xml Object of class [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory] must be an instance of class ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext
at org.springframework.util.Assert.isInstanceOf(Assert.java:346)
at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.getLoggerContext(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:221)

解决方案：

这个异常是由于打印日志的jar冲突导致，SpringBoot本身有打印日志的功能，如果跟本地的冲突，就需要去掉，如下

   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

4、异常

Cannot instantiate factory class: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigurationImportFilter

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader can not access a member of class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnClassCondition with modifiers ""

解决方案：

这种可以检查org.springframework.boot的版本，可能是版本不兼容，我这里一开始设置的1.5.6.RELEASE，一直出异常，后来SpringBoot的版本改成全部改成1.3.3.RELEASE  把Spring的版本改成4.2.5.RELEASE，通过

5、 异常

SpringBoot启动

xport.annotation.AnnotationMBeanExporter -Unregistering JMX-exposed beans on shutdown ，tomcat也没有运行

可能原因1：

看看是否屏蔽了，检查 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 这个下面是否屏蔽了spring-boot-starter-tomcat，

如果有，请去掉

<exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>

可能原因2：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

将<scope>provided</scope>注释掉

6、异常

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/beans/factory/ObjectProvider
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider

解决方案：

这个异常最蛋疼，搞了半天是SpringBoot的版本不兼容，切换了一个版本到1.3.3.RELEASE 这里就好了

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

建议把<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>这下下面的版本都改成1.3.3.RELEASE

7、异常

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.expression.spel.SpelParserConfiguration.<init>(Lorg/springframework/expression/spel/SpelCompilerMode;Ljava/lang/ClassLoader

解决方案：

缺少jar

    <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>

SpringBoot优雅的处理异常

SpringBoot 统一异常处理

像这种统一异常的文章博客有许多，但是每个人使用都有自己的心得，我来总结一下自己使用的心得

统一异常，顾名思义，就是统一管理项目中会方法的异常，然后进行一个处理，Spring发生错误后，底层会去请求一个/error的地址，抛出对应的异常到页面上，对客户或者开发来说都不是特别的友好

使用统一异常处理的话，可以返回自定义的异常数据，阅读性提高，优雅的处理异常

使用异常

使用异常的方式很简单，Spring提供了两个注解：@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler

• @ControllerAdvice：控制器增强，使@ExceptionHandler、@InitBinder、@ModelAttribute注解的方法应用到所有的 @RequestMapping注解的方法
• @ExceptionHandler：异常处理器，此注解的作用是当出现其定义的异常时进行处理的方法

创建统一异常类

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.TypeMismatchException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.AbstractErrorController;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * 全局异常处理
 * 一般情况下，方法都有异常处理机制，但不能排除有个别异常没有处理，导致返回到前台，因此在这里做一个异常拦截，统一处理那些未被处理过的异常
 *
 * @author ${author} on ${date}
 */
@ControllerAdvice
@Controller
@RequestMapping
public class GlobalExceptionHandler extends AbstractErrorController {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
    public GlobalExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        super(errorAttributes);
    }
    @Value("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
    private static String errorPath = "/error";
    /**
     * sql异常
     *
     * @param req
     * @param rsp
     * @param ex
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(SQLException.class)
    public Result<String> sqlException(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp, Exception ex) {
        LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} server exception:{}", req.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(req), ex == null ? null : ex);
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(1002, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);
    }
    /**
     * 500错误.
     *
     * @param req
     * @param rsp
     * @param ex
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ResponseStatus(code = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public Result<String> serverError(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rsp, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} server exception:{}", req.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(req), ex == null ? null : ex);
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(1002, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);
    }
    /**
     * 404的拦截.
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @param ex
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @ResponseStatus(code = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
    @ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)
    public Result<String> notFound(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        LOGGER.error("!!! request uri:{} from {} not found exception:{}", request.getRequestURI(), RequestUtil.getIpAddress(request), ex);
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(404, ex == null ? null : ex.getMessage(), null);
    }
    @ExceptionHandler(MissingServletRequestParameterException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result<String> paramException(MissingServletRequestParameterException ex) {
        LOGGER.error("缺少请求参数:{}", ex.getMessage());
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "缺少参数:" + ex.getParameterName(), null);
    }
    //参数类型不匹配
    //getPropertyName()获取数据类型不匹配参数名称
    //getRequiredType()实际要求客户端传递的数据类型
    @ExceptionHandler(TypeMismatchException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result<String> requestTypeMismatch(TypeMismatchException ex) {
        LOGGER.error("参数类型有误:{}", ex.getMessage());
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "参数类型不匹配,参数" + ex.getPropertyName() + "类型应该为" + ex.getRequiredType(), null);
    }
    @ExceptionHandler(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result<String> requestMethod(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException ex) {
        LOGGER.error("请求方式有误：{}", ex.getMethod());
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "请求方式有误:" + ex.getMethod(), null);
    }
    @ExceptionHandler(MultipartException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public Result<String> fileSizeLimit(MultipartException m) {
        LOGGER.error("超过文件上传大小限制");
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(99999, "超过文件大小限制,最大10MB", null);
    }
    /**
     * 重写/error请求, ${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}} IDEA报红无需处理，作用是获取spring底层错误拦截
     *
     * @param request
     * @param response
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value = "${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
    public Result<String> handleErrors(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        if (status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND) {
            throw new NoHandlerFoundException(request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString(), new HttpHeaders());
        }
        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request, true);
        return ResponseMsgUtil.builderResponse(Integer.parseInt(body.get("status").toString()), body.get("message").toString(), null);
    }
    @Override
    public String getErrorPath() {
        return errorPath;
    }
}

从上面可以看出来，我定义了sql异常，500异常，404异常该做的事情，通过@ExceptionHandler注解来拦截程序中的异常，比如执行SQL时，抛出了异常，就会被统一异常给拦截，然后返回我们想要返回的数据

@ResponseStatus注解可加可不加，就是对响应码进行拦截，如代码上，对404响应码进行了拦截

最下面的handleErrors方法，是对Spring底层访问/error的时候进行了一次拦截，获取当前请求码，如果是404.抛出404的异常

优化处理异常怎么能没有自定义返回数据呢

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
/**
 * 返回数据结果集合
 */
public class Result<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String resMsg;
    private T data;
    public Result() {
    }
    public Integer getCode() {
        return this.code;
    }
    public void setCode(Integer resCode) {
        this.code = resCode;
    }
    public String getResMsg() {
        return this.resMsg;
    }
    public void setResMsg(String resMsg) {
        this.resMsg = resMsg;
    }
    public T getData() {
        return this.data;
    }
    public void setData(T data) {
        this.data = data;
    }
    public String toJson() {
        return this.data == null ? JSON.toJSONString(this) : this.toJson(SerializerFeature.WriteNullListAsEmpty, SerializerFeature.WriteNullStringAsEmpty, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue);
    }
    public String toJson(SerializerFeature... features) {
        return features == null ? this.toJson() : JSON.toJSONString(this, features);
    }
    public String toString() {
        return "Result{code=" + this.code + ", resMsg='" + this.resMsg + '\'' + ", data=" + this.data + '}';
    }
}

/**
 * 返回数据结果集合
 * @author RuXuanWo on 2019/02/21
 */
public class ResponseMsgUtil {
    public ResponseMsgUtil() {
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> builderResponse(int code, String msg, T data) {
        Result<T> res = new Result();
        res.setCode(code);
        res.setResMsg(msg);
        res.setData(data);
        return res;
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> success(String msg) {
        return builderResponse(0, msg, null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> success(String msg, T data) {
        return builderResponse(0, msg, data);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> success(T data) {
        return builderResponse(0, "Success", data);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> success() {
        return builderResponse(0, "Success", null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> failure() {
        return builderResponse(1, "Failure", null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> failure(String msg) {
        return builderResponse(1, msg, null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> failure(T date) {
        return builderResponse(-1, "Failure", date);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> illegalRequest() {
        return builderResponse(1008, "Illegal request", (T) null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> exception() {
        return builderResponse(1002, "request exception", (T) null);
    }
    public static <T> Result<T> paramsEmpty() {
        return builderResponse(1009, "the input parameter is null", (T) null);
    }
}

测试

将这些准备都做好以后，项目跑起来，访问一个接口，故意不传某个必填项，就会被统一异常拦截，如下

{
    code: 1002,
    data: null,
    msg: "Required String parameter 'id' is not present"
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。