微信第三方登录Android实现代码
记录一下微信第三方实现登录的方法。还是比较简单。
一、必要的准备工作
1.首先需要注册并被审核通过的微信开放平台帐号,然后创建一个移动应用,也需要被审核;
2.然后到资源中心下载开发微信所需的工具;
下载的网址:点击打开链接,有一个是SDK,一个是签名生成工具还有一个范例代码。
3.将SDK文件夹lib下的jar文件libammsdk.jar导入到项目工程中;
4.你的测试手机需要装好微信客户端;
5.在项目的AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加如下的权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
6.因为微信登录后会返回结果到我们自己的应用,因此,我们需要按如下的规则来建立一个可供回调的Activity
a. 在包名(申请移动应用时所填的包名)下新建一个名为wxapi的包,然后再在wxapi的包中新增一个WXEntryActivity类,这个类需要继承自Activity。
然后再在这个AndroidManifest.xml文件中,将这个activity的export属性设置为true,如下所示。
<activity android:name=".wxapi.WXEntryActivity" android:label="@string/title_activity_wxlogin" android:launchMode="singleTop" android:exported="true"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity>
b. 实现IWXAPIEventHandler接口,微信发送的请求将回调到onReq方法,发送到微信请求的响应结果将回调到onResp方法
c. 在WXEntryActivity中将接收到的intent及实现了IWXAPIEventHandler接口的对象传递给IWXAPI接口的handleIntent方法,如下所示
api.handleIntent(getIntent(), this);
7.微信认证的时序图
这里有一点要注意,就是从上往下数第6个箭头,即通过code加上appid和appsecret换取access_token,其实这一步是在第三方应用服务器上做的,因为appsecret和access_token直接存储于客户端是非常不安全的。Android客户端获取code后,把这个code提交给应用服务器,应用服务器上保存有appsecret信息,由应用服务器来获取access_token,并用access_token来完成其它工作。
二、Android代码
在上一步添加的WXEntryActivity对应的类文件中添加必要的代码,我的代码如下:
package com.example.justyoung.logintest.wxapi; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; import com.example.justyoung.logintest.HttpsHelper; import com.example.justyoung.logintest.R; import com.example.justyoung.logintest.fileExplorer.WXConstant; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.modelbase.BaseReq; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.modelbase.BaseResp; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.modelmsg.SendAuth; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.openapi.IWXAPI; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.openapi.IWXAPIEventHandler; import com.tencent.mm.sdk.openapi.WXAPIFactory; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.UUID; public class WXEntryActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements IWXAPIEventHandler{ private Button wxLogin; private IWXAPI api; private static String uuid; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_wxlogin); wxLogin = (Button) findViewById(R.id.wx_login_button); wxLogin.setOnClickListener(new WXLoginEvent()); api = WXAPIFactory.createWXAPI(this, WXConstant.APPID); api.registerApp(WXConstant.APPID); api.handleIntent(getIntent(), this); } @Override public void onReq(BaseReq baseReq) { } @Override public void onNewIntent(Intent intent) { super.onNewIntent(intent); setIntent(intent); api.handleIntent(intent, this); } @Override public void onResp(BaseResp resp) { String result; switch (resp.errCode) { case BaseResp.ErrCode.ERR_OK: result = "OK"; SendAuth.Resp regResp = (SendAuth.Resp)resp; if (!regResp.state.equals(uuid)) return; String code = regResp.code; new WXLoginThread("https://192.168.2.133:8443/CloudStorageServer/wechat/login?code=" + code).start(); break; case BaseResp.ErrCode.ERR_USER_CANCEL: result = "USER_CANCEL"; break; case BaseResp.ErrCode.ERR_AUTH_DENIED: result = "ERR_AUTH_DENIED"; break; default: result = "errcode_unknown"; break; } Toast.makeText(this, result, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } class WXLoginEvent implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); final SendAuth.Req req = new SendAuth.Req(); req.scope = "snsapi_userinfo"; req.state = uuid; api.sendReq(req); } } private class WXLoginThread extends Thread { private String url; public WXLoginThread(String url) { this.url = url; } @Override public void run() { HttpsHelper httpsHelper = new HttpsHelper(); try { httpsHelper.prepareHttpsConnection(url); String response = httpsHelper.connect(); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
代码中的如下片段是用来拉起微信认证界面的。这里我使用了uuid来作为state参数,(该参数可用于防止csrf攻击(跨站请求伪造攻击),建议第三方带上该参数,可设置为简单的随机数加session进行校验)。
uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); final SendAuth.Req req = new SendAuth.Req(); req.scope = "snsapi_userinfo"; req.state = uuid; api.sendReq(req);
在用户接受认证后,微信应用会回调IWXAPIEventHandler接口的onResp方法。在该方法中,首先判断返回的resp的状态,若是正常状态,则判断state,然后从再从resp中获取code值。至此客户端便完成了它的工作。
因为客户端保留appsecret和access_token是非常不安全的,因此剩余信息的获取应放到我们的应用服务器上进行。
三、应用服务器代码
在Anroid客户端获取到code后,可提交到我们自己的应用服务器,在我们的应用服务器再通过code,来获取access_token,openid等用户信息。
1.通过code获取access_token,openid的方法是使用GET请求,按以下方式请求微信接口:
2.通过access_token获取用户的一些信息的方式是通过GET请求使用微信的接口:
https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID
下面贴一下我自己使用的代码:
private void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String code = getParameter(request, "code"); if (isArgumentNullOrEmpty(code)) { Log.logger.info("code为空"); return; } Log.logger.info("收到code: " + code); try { AccessToken accessToken = new AccessToken("/sns/oauth2/access_token", "authorization_code", code); AccessToken.UserData userData = accessToken.getMetaData().getUserInfo(); ... // userData中就是我们通过access_token获取的用户信息了。 } catch (WeiXinException e) { Log.logException(e); writeMessage(response, e.getMessage()); return; } catch (Exception e) { Log.logException(e); writeMessage(response, "login error"); return; } }
package com.cyber_space.thirdparty.weixin; import java.io.IOException; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.net.URI; import java.net.URISyntaxException; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder; import org.apache.http.entity.BufferedHttpEntity; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import com.cyber_space.util.JsonUtil; public class AccessToken { CloseableHttpClient httpClient; HttpGet httpGet; URI uri; String code; /** * 用于公众号 * * @throws URISyntaxException */ public AccessToken() throws URISyntaxException { uri = new URIBuilder().setScheme("https").setHost("api.weixin.qq.com").setPath("/cgi-bin/token") .setParameter("grant_type", "client_credential").setParameter("appid", WeiXinConfig.APP_ID) .setParameter("secret", WeiXinConfig.APP_SECRET).build(); httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); httpGet = new HttpGet(uri); } public AccessToken(String path, String grantType, String code) throws URISyntaxException { uri = new URIBuilder().setScheme("https").setHost("api.weixin.qq.com").setPath(path) .setParameter("grant_type", grantType).setParameter("appid", WeiXinConfig.APP_ID) .setParameter("secret", WeiXinConfig.APP_SECRET).setParameter("code", code).build(); httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); httpGet = new HttpGet(uri); } public String getAccessToken() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); if (httpEntity == null) return null; httpEntity = new BufferedHttpEntity(httpEntity); String returnString = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity); String accessToken = com.cyber_space.util.JsonUtil.getAttribute(returnString, "access_token"); return accessToken; } finally { response.close(); } } /** * 获得用户的元数据信息,只包括openid和access_token * * @return * @throws ClientProtocolException * @throws IOException * @throws WeiXinException */ public UserData getMetaData() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException, WeiXinException { CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); if (httpEntity == null) return null; httpEntity = new BufferedHttpEntity(httpEntity); String returnString = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity); JsonUtil jUtil = new JsonUtil(returnString, JsonUtil.JSONOBJECT); String error = null; try { error = jUtil.getAttribute("errcode"); } catch (Exception e) { } if (error != null && !error.equals("")) { throw new WeiXinException(WeiXinException.INVALID_OPENID); } String openid = jUtil.getAttribute("openid"); String accessToken = jUtil.getAttribute("access_token"); UserData uData = new UserData(openid, accessToken); return uData; } finally { response.close(); } } public class UserData { public String openid; public String accessToken; public String nickname; public String sex; public String province; public String city; public String country; public String headimgurl; public String privilege; public String unionid; public UserData(String openid, String accessToken) { this.openid = openid; this.accessToken = accessToken; } public UserData getUserInfo() throws IOException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, URISyntaxException, WeiXinException { URI uri = new URIBuilder().setScheme("https").setHost("api.weixin.qq.com").setPath("/sns/userinfo") .setParameter("access_token", this.accessToken).setParameter("openid", this.openid).build(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); if (httpEntity == null) throw null; httpEntity = new BufferedHttpEntity(httpEntity); String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity); JsonUtil jUtil = new JsonUtil(jsonString, JsonUtil.JSONOBJECT); String errcode = null; try { errcode = jUtil.getAttribute("errcode"); } catch (Exception e) { } // 通过反射循环赋值 if (errcode == null || errcode.equals("")) { for (Field i : getClass().getFields()) { if (!i.getName().equals("accessToken")) i.set(this, jUtil.getAttribute(i.getName())); } return this; } else { throw new WeiXinException(WeiXinException.INVALID_ACCESSTOKEN); } } finally { response.close(); } } } }
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