基于jquery实现省市联动效果

由于项目需要需要实现一个省市联动，由于业务有一些特殊的需求，使用现有的插件略有不便，就自己实现了一个。
首先需要保存地区数据的JS数据文件，我这里命名为areaData.js，内容如下：

/**
 * 保存地区信息
 * 数据格式
 * areaData = [{'pro': '北京', 'cities': {'-1': '北京'}}, {...}]
 * 直辖市存在-1，表示就是直辖市
 */
 (function(window) {
 window.areaData = [{"pro":"\u5317\u4eac","cities":{"-1":"\u5317\u4eac","0":"\u4e1c\u57ce\u533a","1":"\u897f\u57ce\u533a","4":"\u671d\u9633\u533a","5":"\u4e30\u53f0\u533a","6":"\u77f3\u666f\u5c71\u533a","7":"\u6d77\u6dc0\u533a","8":"\u95e8\u5934\u6c9f","9":"\u623f\u5c71","10":"\u901a\u5dde","11":"\u987a\u4e49","12":"\u660c\u5e73","13":"\u5927\u5174","14":"\u5e73\u8c37","15":"\u6000\u67d4","16":"\u5bc6\u4e91","17":"\u5ef6\u5e86"}},{"pro":"\u4e0a\u6d77","cities":{"-1":"\u4e0a\u6d77","0":"\u9ec4\u6d66","2":"\u5f90\u6c47","3":"\u957f\u5b81","4":"\u9759\u5b89","5":"\u666e\u9640","6":"\u95f8\u5317","7":"\u8679\u53e3","8":"\u6768\u6d66","9":"\u95f5\u884c","10":"\u5b9d\u5c71","11":"\u5609\u5b9a","12":"\u6d66\u4e1c","13":"\u91d1\u5c71","14":"\u677e\u6c5f","15":"\u9752\u6d66","17":"\u5949\u8d24","18":"\u5d07\u660e"}},{"pro":"\u5929\u6d25","cities":{"-1":"\u5929\u6d25","0":"\u548c\u5e73\u533a","1":"\u4e1c\u4e3d\u533a","2":"\u6cb3\u4e1c\u533a","3":"\u897f\u9752\u533a","4":"\u6cb3\u897f\u533a","5":"\u6d25\u5357\u533a","6":"\u5357\u5f00\u533a","7":"\u5317\u8fb0\u533a","8":"\u6cb3\u5317\u533a","9":"\u6b66\u6e05\u533a","10":"\u7ea2\u6865\u533a","14":"\u5b81\u6cb3","15":"\u9759\u6d77","16":"\u5b9d\u577b","17":"\u84df\u53bf","18":"\u6ee8\u6d77\u65b0\u533a"}},{"pro":"\u91cd\u5e86","cities":{"-1":"\u91cd\u5e86","0":"\u4e07\u5dde","1":"\u6daa\u9675","2":"\u6e1d\u4e2d","3":"\u5927\u6e21\u53e3","4":"\u6c5f\u5317","5":"\u6c99\u576a\u575d","6":"\u4e5d\u9f99\u5761","7":"\u5357\u5cb8","8":"\u5317\u789a","9":"\u4e07\u76db","10":"\u53cc\u6322","11":"\u6e1d\u5317","12":"\u5df4\u5357","13":"\u9ed4\u6c5f","14":"\u957f\u5bff","15":"\u7da6\u6c5f","16":"\u6f7c\u5357","17":"\u94dc\u6881 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})(window);

插件文件名为：provinceCity.js，源码：

(function($){
 /**
 * 省市联动
 * @param {Array} areaData 地区数组 格式：[{pro: '北京', cities: {-1: 北京, 0: 东城区, ...}},{...}]
 * @param {Object} options 一些配置选项
 * @returns {Object} jQuery对象
 */
 $.fn.citySelect = function(areaData, options){
 if(!$.isArray(areaData)) return;
 var opts = $.extend({
 provinceID: -1,
 cityID: -1,
 isShowDefaultVal: true,
 isDealComArea: false
 }, options);
 var $province = $(this).find('select').eq(0);
 var $city = $(this).find('select').eq(1);
 //-1是直辖市信息
 var provicneID = opts.provinceID;
 var cityID = opts.cityID;
 var isShowDefaultVal = opts.isShowDefaultVal;
 var isDealComArea = opts.isDealComArea;
 var defaultData = ['请选择', '-2'];
 var tmpArr = [];

 //增加下拉项到临时数组
 var addOpt = function(val,text,defVal){
 tmpArr.push("<option value='"+val+"' "+(parseInt(defVal,10)==parseInt(val,10)+''?"selected":"")+">"+text+"</option>");
 };

 //省份变更联动城市下拉
 var changeHandler = function(){
 var provinceID = $province.val();
 tmpArr = [];

 //非省【请选择】情况下，不显示地市【请选择】
 provinceID == -2 && isShowDefaultVal && addOpt(defaultData[1],defaultData[0]);
 if(provinceID != -2) {
 $.each(areaData[provinceID]['cities'], function(cid, city) {
 //是否只显示直辖市
 if(isDealComArea && provinceID < 4) {
 addOpt(cityID, areaData[provinceID]['pro'], cityID);
 return false;
 }else {
 cid != -1 && addOpt(cid, city， cityID);
 }
 });
 }
 $city.html(tmpArr.join(''));
 };

 //初始化省份
 var initProvince = function() {
 tmpArr = [];
 //默认省级下拉
 isShowDefaultVal && addOpt(defaultData[1],defaultData[0]);
 $.each(areaData, function(pid,details){
 addOpt(pid,details.pro,provicneID);
 });
 $province.html(tmpArr.join(''));
 };

 //初始化事件
 var init = function() {
 initProvince();
 //省级联动 控制
 $province.on('change', changeHandler);
 changeHandler();
 }

 init();

 return this;
 };
}(jQuery));

可根据需要稍作调整

例子基本结构如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
 <title>省市联动</title>
 <meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<div class="area">
 <select name="province"></select>
 <select name="city"></select>
</div>
<script src="areaData.js"></script>
<script src="provinceCity.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

使用方法：
第一种：初始化省市选择

$('.area').citySelect(areaData);

效果：

第二种：默认不显示【请选择】

$('.area').citySelect(areaData, {
 isShowDefaultVal: false
 });

效果：

第三种：有初始省市

$('.area').citySelect(areaData, {
 provinceID: 10,
 cityID: 3,
 isShowDefaultVal: false
 });

效果：

第四种：属于业务的特殊需求，当为直辖市的时候，只显示直辖市，不显示分区（这个需求比较特殊）

$('.area').citySelect(areaData, {
 provinceID: 0,
 cityID: -1,
 isDealComArea: true,
 isShowDefaultVal: false
 });

效果：

以上就是基于jquery实现省市联动效果的代码，在这里做一下记录，欢迎大家提建议，共同进步。