Spring常用配置及解析类说明

springMVC配置用法的文章很多，但具体描述清楚的不多，这里主要介绍下常用的配置项的用法，以及它的解析类，springMVC处理内容有两种方式，一种是converter,另一种是ViewResolver，两种都能处理json，xml以及form内容格式。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
   xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd"> 

<!-- 如果controller里要用到配置，才需要加载配置，因为一般这个配置由DispatchServlet来加载，和spring监听类不在一个上下文里，想要知道原因请看
http://blog.csdn.net/strivezxq/article/details/43795081 这篇文章详细解析了spring初始化过程 --> 

   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:app.properties" />
<!--Scans the classpath for annotated components @Component, @Repository, @Service, and @Controller
通过use-default-filters="false",可以设置只扫描哪些注释，一般springMVC配置只加载下面两种注释
-->
<context:component-scan base-package="your.base.package" use-default-filters="false"> 

<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- <context:component-scan annotation-config = "true">已经包含了context:annotation-configr的功能，所以这个配置基本没必要配置，激活在bean类中被检测到的各种注释：Spring's @Required and
   @Autowired, as well as JSR 250's @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy and @Resource (if available),
   JAX-WS's @WebServiceRef (if available), EJB3's @EJB (if available), and JPA's
   @PersistenceContext and @PersistenceUnit (if available) --> 

<context:annotation-config />
<!--会在Spring MVC上下文中定义一个 org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler， 它会像一个检查员，对进入DispatcherServlet的URL进行筛查，如果发现是静态资源的请求，就将该请求转由Web应用服务器默认的 Servlet处理，如果不是静态资源的请求，才由DispatcherServlet继续处理。
一般Web应用服务器默认的Servlet名称是"default"，因此DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler可以 找到它。如果你所有的Web应用服务器的默认Servlet名称不是"default"，则需要通过default-servlet-name属性显示指 定：
<mvc:default-servlet-handler default-servlet-name="所使用的Web服务器默认使用的Servlet名称" />
Tomcat, Jetty, JBoss, and GlassFish默认名称为default, eg: web.xml中 

  1. <servlet-mapping>
  2.   <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
  3.   <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
  4. </servlet-mapping>
  5. <servlet-mapping>
  6.   <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
  7.   <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
  8. </servlet-mapping>
  9. <servlet-mapping>
  10.   <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
  11.   <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  12. </servlet-mapping>   

如果不配置springdefault-servlet-name 默认会设置，已经支持常用的web服务器
-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler /> 

<!-- 允许静态资源放在任何地方 ，处理类org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler
<bean id="resourceHttpRequestHandler" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler">
  <property name="locations" value="classpath:/META-INF/resources/"></property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
  <property name="mappings">
    <props>
      <prop key="/resources/**">resourceHttpRequestHandler</prop>
    </props>
  </property>
</bean>
下面标签实现
-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"></mvc:resources>
<!--
register "global" interceptor beans to apply to all registered HandlerMappings .
Each inteceptor must implement the org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor or
org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequestInterceptor interface
-->
<mvc:interceptors>
  <mvc:interceptor>
    <mvc:mapping path="/**" />
    <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/css/**" />
    <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/js/**" />
    <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/images/**" />
    <bean class="com.fpx.common.auth.mgt.framework.interceptor.ContextInterceptor" />
  </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors> 

<!-- Turns on support for mapping requests to Spring MVC @Controller methods
Also registers default Formatters and Validators for use across all @Controllers
配置解析类：org.springframework.web.servlet.config.AnnotationDrivenBeanDefinitionParser
配置content-negotiation-anager可以在url里设置内容类型参数,可以设置默认内容类型
<bean id="contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"
p:favorPathExtension="false" p:favorParameter="true" p:parameterName="format" p:ignoreAcceptHeader="true"
p:defaultContentType="application/json">
  <property name="mediaTypes">
  <props>
  <prop key="json">application/json</prop>
  <prop key="xml">application/xml</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
</bean>
-->
<mvc:annotation-driven content-negotiation-anager="contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">
  <mvc:message-converters>
    <ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter" />
    <ref bean="jsonHttpMessageConverter" />
    <ref bean="marshallingHttpMessageConverter" />
  </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven> 

<!-- 内容管理工厂 -->
     <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"
        p:favorPathExtension="false" p:favorParameter="true"
        p:parameterName="format" p:ignoreAcceptHeader="true"
        p:defaultContentType="application/json">
        <property name="mediaTypes">
          <props>
            <prop key="json">application/json</prop>
            <prop key="xml">application/xml</prop>
          </props>
        </property>
      </bean> 

<!-- 内容解析器 ，可以p:parameterName="format"来配置返回参数类型 ，通过p:defaultContentType配置默认请求内容类型，
c:qualityValue="0.5" 可以设置内容类型的优先级， 如果使用了mvc:annotation-driven 和注解方式（@RequestBody）, 下面配置是不生效的--> 

  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
     <property name="contentNegotiationManager"  ref= "contentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"> 

     </property>
     <property name="defaultViews">
        <list>
          <bean
             class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView">
             <property name="modelKey" value="resultVo" />
             <property name="extractValueFromSingleKeyModel" value="true" />
          </bean>
          <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.xml.MarshallingView">
             <constructor-arg ref="jaxb2Marshaller" />
             <property name="contentType" value="application/xml" />
          </bean>
        </list>
     </property>
     <!-- <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="true" /> -->
   </bean> 

   <!-- XML view using a JAXB marshaller -->
   <bean id="jaxb2Marshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller">
     <property name="marshallerProperties">
        <map>
          <entry key="jaxb.formatted.output">
             <value type="boolean">true</value>
          </entry>
          <entry key="jaxb.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
        </map>
     </property>
     <property name="packagesToScan">
        <list>
          <value>com.api.domain</value>
          <value>com.api.web.controller.vo</value>
        </list>
     </property>
   </bean> 

   <bean id="jstlViewResolver"
     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
     <property name="order" value="2" />
     <property name="viewClass"
        value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
     <property name="prefix" value="/views/" />
     <property name="suffix" value="" />
     <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" />
   </bean> 

<!-- c:qualityValue="0.5" 可以设置内容类型的优先级,默认是1.0，越大优先级越高 -->
   <bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter"
     class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
     <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
        <list>
          <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
          <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
        </list>
     </property>
   </bean> 

   <bean id="jsonHttpMessageConverter"
     class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" />
   <bean id="marshallingHttpMessageConverter"
     class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MarshallingHttpMessageConverter">
     <constructor-arg ref="jaxb2Marshaller" />
     <!-- <property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/xml"></property> -->
     <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
        <util:list>
          <bean class="org.springframework.http.MediaType" c:type="application" c:subtype="xml" c:qualityValue="0.5"/>
        </util:list>
     </property>
   </bean> 

SpringMVC返回json配置步骤如下：

1、添加jackson.jar包

2、在applicationContext.xml配制文件中添加如下代码

<!--解析返回JSON -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
 <property name="messageConverters">
  <list >
  <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
  </list>
 </property>
 </bean>
 <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
 class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
 <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
  <list>
  <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
  </list>
 </property>
 </bean> 

3、在controller中添加如下代码

@RequestMapping(value="/chinese/listTree", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
 public List getlistChinese(Model model){
 List<User> list = (List<ChineseCategory>) commonMgr.find("from User");
  return list;
 }

返回值可以为list也可以为Map类型

总结

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