Java操作MongoDB数据库的示例代码
mongodb-driver是mongo官方推出的java连接mongoDB的驱动包,相当于JDBC驱动。
环境准备
step1:创建工程 , 引入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId> <artifactId>mongodb‐driver</artifactId> <version>3.6.3</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
step2:创建测试类
import com.mongodb.*; import com.mongodb.client.*; import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters; import org.bson.Document; import org.bson.conversions.Bson; import org.junit.Test; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class MogoDBTest { private static MongoClient mongoClient; static { System.out.println("===============MongoDBUtil初始化========================"); mongoClient = new MongoClient("127.0.0.1", 27017); // 大多使用mongodb都在安全内网下,但如果将mongodb设为安全验证模式,就需要在客户端提供用户名和密码: // boolean auth = db.authenticate(myUserName, myPassword); MongoClientOptions.Builder options = new MongoClientOptions.Builder(); options.cursorFinalizerEnabled(true); // 自动重连true // options.autoConnectRetry(true); // the maximum auto connect retry time // 连接池设置为300个连接,默认为100 // options.maxAutoConnectRetryTime(10); options.connectionsPerHost(300); // 连接超时,推荐>3000毫秒 options.connectTimeout(30000); options.maxWaitTime(5000); // 套接字超时时间,0无限制 options.socketTimeout(0); // 线程队列数,如果连接线程排满了队列就会抛出“Out of semaphores to get db”错误。 options.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier(5000); options.writeConcern(WriteConcern.SAFE);// options.build(); } // =================公用用方法================= /** * 获取DB实例 - 指定数据库,若不存在则创建 */ public static MongoDatabase getDB(String dbName) { if (dbName != null && !"".equals(dbName)) { MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase(dbName); return database; } return null; } /** * 获取指定数据库下的collection对象 */ public static MongoCollection<Document> getCollection(String dbName, String collName) { if (null == collName || "".equals(collName)) { return null; } if (null == dbName || "".equals(dbName)) { return null; } MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoClient .getDatabase(dbName) .getCollection(collName); return collection; } }
1.数据库操作
1.1获取所有数据库
//获取所有数据库 @Test public void getAllDBNames(){ MongoIterable<String> dbNames = mongoClient.listDatabaseNames(); for (String s : dbNames) { System.out.println(s); } }
1.2获取指定库的所有集合名
//获取指定库的所有集合名 @Test public void getAllCollections(){ MongoIterable<String> colls = getDB("books").listCollectionNames(); for (String s : colls) { System.out.println(s); } }
1.3.删除数据库
//删除数据库 @Test public void dropDB(){ //连接到数据库 MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = getDB("test"); mongoDatabase.drop(); }
2.文档操作
2.1插入文档
1.插入单个文档
//插入一个文档 @Test public void insertOneTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //要插入的数据 Document document = new Document("id",1) .append("name", "哈姆雷特") .append("price", 67); //插入一个文档 collection.insertOne(document); System.out.println(document.get("_id")); }
2.插入多个文档
//插入多个文档 @Test public void insertManyTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //要插入的数据 List<Document> list = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i = 1; i <= 15; i++) { Document document = new Document("id",i) .append("name", "book"+i) .append("price", 20+i); list.add(document); } //插入多个文档 collection.insertMany(list); }
2.2查询文档
2.2.1基本查询
1.查询集合所有文档
@Test public void findAllTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //查询集合的所有文档 FindIterable findIterable= collection.find(); MongoCursor cursor = findIterable.iterator(); while (cursor.hasNext()) { System.out.println(cursor.next()); } }
2.条件查询
@Test public void findConditionTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //方法1.构建BasicDBObject 查询条件 id大于2,小于5 BasicDBObject queryCondition=new BasicDBObject(); queryCondition.put("id", new BasicDBObject("$gt", 2)); queryCondition.put("id", new BasicDBObject("$lt", 5)); //查询集合的所有文 通过price升序排序 FindIterable findIterable= collection.find(queryCondition).sort(new BasicDBObject("price",1)); //方法2.通过过滤器Filters,Filters提供了一系列查询条件的静态方法,id大于2小于5,通过id升序排序查询 //Bson filter=Filters.and(Filters.gt("id", 2),Filters.lt("id", 5)); //FindIterable findIterable= collection.find(filter).sort(Sorts.orderBy(Sorts.ascending("id"))); //查询集合的所有文 MongoCursor cursor = findIterable.iterator(); while (cursor.hasNext()) { System.out.println(cursor.next()); } }
2.2.2 投影查询
@Test public void findAllTest3(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //查询id等于1,2,3,4的文档 Bson fileter=Filters.in("id",1,2,3,4); //查询集合的所有文档 FindIterable findIterable= collection.find(fileter).projection(new BasicDBObject("id",1).append("name",1).append("_id",0)); MongoCursor cursor = findIterable.iterator(); while (cursor.hasNext()) { System.out.println(cursor.next()); } }
2.3分页查询
2.3.1.统计查询
//集合的文档数统计 @Test public void getCountTest() { //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //获取集合的文档数 Bson filter = Filters.gt("price", 30); int count = (int)collection.count(filter); System.out.println("价钱大于30的count==:"+count); }
2.3.2分页列表查询
//分页查询 @Test public void findByPageTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //分页查询 跳过0条,返回前10条 FindIterable findIterable= collection.find().skip(0).limit(10); MongoCursor cursor = findIterable.iterator(); while (cursor.hasNext()) { System.out.println(cursor.next()); } System.out.println("----------取出查询到的第一个文档-----------------"); //取出查询到的第一个文档 Document document = (Document) findIterable.first(); //打印输出 System.out.println(document); }
2.4修改文档
//修改文档 @Test public void updateTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //修改id=2的文档 通过过滤器Filters,Filters提供了一系列查询条件的静态方法 Bson filter = Filters.eq("id", 2); //指定修改的更新文档 Document document = new Document("$set", new Document("price", 44)); //修改单个文档 collection.updateOne(filter, document); //修改多个文档 // collection.updateMany(filter, document); //修改全部文档 //collection.updateMany(new BasicDBObject(),document); }
2.5 删除文档
//删除与筛选器匹配的单个文档 @Test public void deleteOneTest(){ //获取集合 MongoCollection<Document> collection = getCollection("books","book"); //申明删除条件 Bson filter = Filters.eq("id",3); //删除与筛选器匹配的单个文档 collection.deleteOne(filter); //删除与筛选器匹配的所有文档 // collection.deleteMany(filter); System.out.println("--------删除所有文档----------"); //删除所有文档 // collection.deleteMany(new Document()); }
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