详解springboot整合mongodb

这篇文章主要介绍springboot如何整合MongoDB。

准备工作

1. 安装 MongoDB
2. jdk 1.8
3. maven 3.0
4. idea

环境依赖

在pom文件引入spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb依赖：

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
    </dependency>

数据源配置

如果mongodb端口是默认端口，并且没有设置密码，可不配置，sprinboot会开启默认的。

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/springboot-db

mongodb设置了密码，这样配置：

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://name:pass@localhost:27017/dbname

定义一个简单的实体

mongodb

package com.forezp.entity;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

public class Customer {

  @Id
  public String id;

  public String firstName;
  public String lastName;

  public Customer() {}

  public Customer(String firstName, String lastName) {
    this.firstName = firstName;
    this.lastName = lastName;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return String.format(
        "Customer[id=%s, firstName='%s', lastName='%s']",
        id, firstName, lastName);
  }

}

数据操作dao层

public interface CustomerRepository extends MongoRepository<Customer, String> {

  public Customer findByFirstName(String firstName);
  public List<Customer> findByLastName(String lastName);

}

写一个接口，继承MongoRepository，这个接口有了几本的CURD的功能。如果你想自定义一些查询，比如根据firstName来查询，获取根据lastName来查询，只需要定义一个方法即可。注意firstName严格按照存入的mongodb的字段对应。在典型的Java的应用程序，写这样一个接口的方法，需要自己实现，但是在springboot中，你只需要按照格式写一个接口名和对应的参数就可以了，因为springboot已经帮你实现了。

测试

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootMongodbApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

  @Autowired
  private CustomerRepository repository;

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringbootMongodbApplication.class, args);
  }

  @Override
  public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
    repository.deleteAll();

    // save a couple of customers
    repository.save(new Customer("Alice", "Smith"));
    repository.save(new Customer("Bob", "Smith"));

    // fetch all customers
    System.out.println("Customers found with findAll():");
    System.out.println("-------------------------------");
    for (Customer customer : repository.findAll()) {
      System.out.println(customer);
    }
    System.out.println();

    // fetch an individual customer
    System.out.println("Customer found with findByFirstName('Alice'):");
    System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    System.out.println(repository.findByFirstName("Alice"));

    System.out.println("Customers found with findByLastName('Smith'):");
    System.out.println("--------------------------------");
    for (Customer customer : repository.findByLastName("Smith")) {
      System.out.println(customer);
    }
  }

在springboot的应用程序，加入测试代码。启动程序，控制台打印了：

Customers found with findAll():
——————————-
Customer[id=58f880f589ffb696b8a6077e, firstName='Alice', lastName='Smith']
Customer[id=58f880f589ffb696b8a6077f, firstName='Bob', lastName='Smith']
Customer found with findByFirstName(‘Alice'):
——————————–
Customer[id=58f880f589ffb696b8a6077e, firstName='Alice', lastName='Smith']
Customers found with findByLastName(‘Smith'):
——————————–
Customer[id=58f880f589ffb696b8a6077e, firstName='Alice', lastName='Smith']
Customer[id=58f880f589ffb696b8a6077f, firstName='Bob', lastName='Smith']

测试通过。

源码下载：https://github.com/forezp/SpringBootLearning

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