Django如何继承AbstractUser扩展字段

使用django实现注册登录的话，注册登录都有现成的代码，主要是自带的User字段只有（email,username,password）,所以需要扩展User,来增加自己需要的字段

AbstractUser扩展模型User：如果模型User内置的方法符合开发需求，在不改变这些函数方法的情况下，添加模型User的额外字段，可通过AbstractUser方式实现。使用AbstractUser定义的模型会替换原有模型User。

代码如下：

model.py

#coding:utf8
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.utils.encoding import python_2_unicode_compatible

# Create your models here.
@python_2_unicode_compatible
"""是django内置的兼容python2和python3的unicode语法的一个装饰器
只是针对 __str__ 方法而用的，__str__方法是为了后台管理(admin)和django shell的显示，Meta类也是为后台显示服务的
"""
class MyUser(AbstractUser):
  qq = models.CharField(u'qq号', max_length=16)
  weChat =models.CharField(u'微信账号', max_length=100)
  mobile =models.CharField(u'手机号', primary_key=True, max_length=11)
  identicard =models.BooleanField(u'×××认证', default=False)               #默认是0，未认证， 1：×××认证， 2：视频认证
  refuserid = models.CharField(u'推荐人ID', max_length=20)
  Level = models.CharField(u'用户等级', default='0', max_length=2)            #默认是0，用户等级0-9
  vevideo = models.BooleanField(u'视频认证', default=False)           #默认是0，未认证。 1：已认证
  Type =models.CharField(u'用户类型', default='0', max_length=1)             #默认是0，未认证， 1：刷手 2：商家

  def __str__(self):
    return self.username

settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.MyUser'
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ('django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',)

注意：

1、扩展user表后，要在settings.py 添加

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'appname.扩展user的class name'

2、认证后台要在settings添加，尤其记得加逗号，否则报错

认证后台不加的报错

Django-AttributeError 'User' object has no attribute 'backend'

没加逗号的报错

ImportError: a doesn't look like a module path

form.py

#coding:utf-8
from django import forms

#注册表单
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
  username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100)
  password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())
  password2 = forms.CharField(label='确认密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())
  mobile = forms.CharField(label='手机号', max_length=11)
  email = forms.EmailField()
  qq = forms.CharField(label='QQ号', max_length=16)
  type = forms.ChoiceField(label='注册类型', choices=(('buyer','买家'),('saler','商家')))

  def clean(self):
    if not self.is_valid():
      raise forms.ValidationError('所有项都为必填项')
    elif self.cleaned_data['password2'] != self.cleaned_data['password']:
      raise forms.ValidationError('两次输入密码不一致')
    else:
      cleaned_data = super(RegisterForm, self).clean()
    return cleaned_data

#登陆表单
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
  username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"placeholder": "用户名", "required": "required",}),
                max_length=50, error_messages={"required": "username不能为空",})
  password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"placeholder": "密码", "required": "required",}),
                max_length=20, error_messages={"required": "password不能为空",})

迁移数据库

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response
from .models import MyUser
from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.template import RequestContext
import time
from .myclass import form
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout

#注册
def register(request):
  error = []
  # if request.method == 'GET':
  #   return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf})
  if request.method == 'POST':
    uf = form.RegisterForm(request.POST)
    if uf.is_valid():
      username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
      password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
      password2 = uf.cleaned_data['password2']
      qq = uf.cleaned_data['qq']
      email = uf.cleaned_data['email']
      mobile = uf.cleaned_data['mobile']
      type = uf.cleaned_data['type']
      if not MyUser.objects.all().filter(username=username):
        user = MyUser()
        user.username = username
        user.set_password(password)
        user.qq = qq
        user.email = email
        user.mobile = mobile
        user.type = type
        user.save()
        return render_to_response('member.html', {'username': username})
  else:
    uf = form.RegisterForm()
  return render_to_response('register.html',{'uf':uf,'error':error})

#登陆
def do_login(request):
  if request.method =='POST':
    lf = form.LoginForm(request.POST)
    if lf.is_valid():
      username = lf.cleaned_data['username']
      password = lf.cleaned_data['password']
      user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)        #django自带auth验证用户名密码
      if user is not None:                         #判断用户是否存在
        if user.is_active:                         #判断用户是否激活
          login(request,user)                         #用户信息验证成功后把登陆信息写入session
          return render_to_response("member.html", {'username':username})
        else:
          return render_to_response('disable.html',{'username':username})
      else:
        return HttpResponse("无效的用户名或者密码!!!")
  else:
    lf = form.LoginForm()
  return render_to_response('index.html',{'lf':lf})

#退出
def do_logout(request):
  logout(request)
  return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

注意：

1、登陆的时候用自带的认证模块总是报none

user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
print(user)

查看源码发现是check_password的方法是用hash进行校验，之前注册的password写法是

user.password=password

这种写法是明文入库，需要更改密码的入库写法

user.set_password(password)

补充

一个快速拿到User表的方法，特别在扩展User表时，你在settings.py配置的User。

from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()

别在其他视图或者模型里导入你扩展的MyUser model。

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