Java访问修饰符原理及代码解析
一、概述
访问等级比较:public > protected > default > private
无论是方法还是成员变量,这四种访问权限修饰符作用都一样
- public:不管包外包内,所有类(子类+非子类)均可使用
- protected
- 包内:所有类可使用
- 包外:子类可使用,非子类不可使用
- default
- 包内:所有类可使用
- 包外:所有类不可使用
- private:仅本类可使用
二、示例代码
Test包内的父类Permission
public class Permission { private int privateValue = 1; public int publicValue = 1; protected int protectedValue = 1; int defaultValue = 1; void defaultFunc(){ System.out.println("This is a default function"); } public void publicFunc(){ System.out.println("This is a public function"); } protected void protectedFunc() { System.out.println("This is a protected function"); } private void privateFunc(){ System.out.println("This is a private function"); } }
Test包内的子类SubPermission
public class SubPermission extends Permission{ public void permissionTest(){ // public, protected, default function and variable can be used System.out.println("this is a default value:" + this.defaultValue); System.out.println("this is a public value:" + this.publicValue); System.out.println("this is a protected value:" + this.protectedValue); this.publicFunc(); this.protectedFunc(); this.defaultFunc(); } }
Test包外的子类
import base.Test.Permission; public class Demo extends Permission { public static void main(String[] args) { // if is not a subclass, only public function and variable can be used Permission obj = new Permission(); obj.publicFunc(); System.out.println("this is a public value:" + obj.publicValue); // if is a subclass, public and protected function and variable can ba used Demo demo = new Demo(); demo.publicFunc(); demo.protectedFunc(); System.out.println("this is a public value:" + demo.publicValue); System.out.println("this is a protected value:" + demo.protectedValue); } }
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