详解Elastic Search搜索引擎在SpringBoot中的实践
实验环境
- ES版本:5.3.0
- spring bt版本:1.5.9
首先当然需要安装好elastic search环境,最好再安装上可视化插件 elasticsearch-head来便于我们直观地查看数据。
当然这部分可以参考本人的帖子: 《centos7上elastic search安装填坑记》
我的ES安装在http://113.209.119.170:9200/这个地址(该地址需要配到springboot项目中去)
Spring工程创建
这部分没有特殊要交代的,但有几个注意点一定要当心
注意在新建项目时记得勾选web和NoSQL中的Elasticsearch依赖,来张图说明一下吧:
创建工程时勾选Nosql中的es依赖选项
项目自动生成以后pom.xml中会自动添加spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch的依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency>
本项目中我们使用开源的基于restful的es java客户端jest,所以还需要在pom.xml中添加jest依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>io.searchbox</groupId> <artifactId>jest</artifactId> </dependency>
除此之外还必须添加jna的依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>net.java.dev.jna</groupId> <artifactId>jna</artifactId> </dependency>
否则启动spring项目的时候会报JNA not found. native methods will be disabled.的错误:
JNA not found. native methods will be disabled.
项目的配置文件application.yml中需要把es服务器地址配置对
server: port: 6325 spring: elasticsearch: jest: uris: - http://113.209.119.170:9200 # ES服务器的地址! read-timeout: 5000
代码组织
我的项目代码组织如下:
项目代码组织
各部分代码详解如下,注释都有:
Entity.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity; import java.io.Serializable; import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document; public class Entity implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -763638353551774166L; public static final String INDEX_NAME = "index_entity"; public static final String TYPE = "tstype"; private Long id; private String name; public Entity() { super(); } public Entity(Long id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
TestService.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.Entity; import java.util.List; public interface TestService { void saveEntity(Entity entity); void saveEntity(List<Entity> entityList); List<Entity> searchEntity(String searchContent); }
TestServiceImpl.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.impl; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.Entity; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.TestService; import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders; import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import io.searchbox.client.JestClient; import io.searchbox.client.JestResult; import io.searchbox.core.Bulk; import io.searchbox.core.Index; import io.searchbox.core.Search; @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestServiceImpl.class); @Autowired private JestClient jestClient; @Override public void saveEntity(Entity entity) { Index index = new Index.Builder(entity).index(Entity.INDEX_NAME).type(Entity.TYPE).build(); try { jestClient.execute(index); LOGGER.info("ES 插入完成"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 批量保存内容到ES */ @Override public void saveEntity(List<Entity> entityList) { Bulk.Builder bulk = new Bulk.Builder(); for(Entity entity : entityList) { Index index = new Index.Builder(entity).index(Entity.INDEX_NAME).type(Entity.TYPE).build(); bulk.addAction(index); } try { jestClient.execute(bulk.build()); LOGGER.info("ES 插入完成"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 在ES中搜索内容 */ @Override public List<Entity> searchEntity(String searchContent){ SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder(); //searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery(searchContent)); //searchSourceBuilder.field("name"); searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name",searchContent)); Search search = new Search.Builder(searchSourceBuilder.toString()) .addIndex(Entity.INDEX_NAME).addType(Entity.TYPE).build(); try { JestResult result = jestClient.execute(search); return result.getSourceAsObjectList(Entity.class); } catch (IOException e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
EntityController.java
package com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.entity.Entity; import com.hansonwang99.springboot_es_demo.service.TestService; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("/entityController") public class EntityController { @Autowired TestService cityESService; @RequestMapping(value="/save", method=RequestMethod.GET) public String save(long id, String name) { System.out.println("save 接口"); if(id>0 && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) { Entity newEntity = new Entity(id,name); List<Entity> addList = new ArrayList<Entity>(); addList.add(newEntity); cityESService.saveEntity(addList); return "OK"; }else { return "Bad input value"; } } @RequestMapping(value="/search", method=RequestMethod.GET) public List<Entity> save(String name) { List<Entity> entityList = null; if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(name)) { entityList = cityESService.searchEntity(name); } return entityList; } }
实际实验
增加几条数据,可以使用postman工具,也可以直接在浏览器中输入,如增加以下5条数据:
http://localhost:6325/entityController/save?id=1&name=南京中山陵 http://localhost:6325/entityController/save?id=2&name=中国南京师范大学 http://localhost:6325/entityController/save?id=3&name=南京夫子庙 http://localhost:6325/entityController/save?id=4&name=杭州也非常不错 http://localhost:6325/entityController/save?id=5&name=中国南边好像没有叫带京字的城市了
数据插入效果如下(使用可视化插件elasticsearch-head观看):
数据插入效果
我们来做一下搜索的测试:例如我要搜索关键字“南京”
我们在浏览器中输入:
http://localhost:6325/entityController/search?name=南京
搜索结果如下:
关键字“南京”的搜索结果
刚才插入的5条记录中包含关键字“南京”的四条记录均被搜索出来了!
当然这里用的是standard分词方式,将每个中文都作为了一个term,凡是包含“南”、“京”关键字的记录都被搜索了出来,只是评分不同而已,当然还有其他的一些分词方式,此时需要其他分词插件的支持,此处暂不涉及,后文中再做探索。
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