Java棋类游戏实践之单机版五子棋

本文实例讲述了java实现的五子棋游戏代码，分享给大家供大家参考，具体代码如下

一、实践目标
       1.掌握JavaGUI界面设计
       2.掌握鼠标事件的监听（MouseListener，MouseMotionListener）
二、实践内容
      设计一个简单的五子棋程序，能够实现五子棋下棋过程。如下图所示

1.五子棋棋盘类

package cn.edu.ouc.fiveChess; 

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Cursor;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.RadialGradientPaint;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D; 

import javax.swing.*;
/**
 * 五子棋--棋盘类
 */ 

public class ChessBoard extends JPanel implements MouseListener {
 public static final int MARGIN=30;//边距
 public static final int GRID_SPAN=35;//网格间距
 public static final int ROWS=15;//棋盘行数
 public static final int COLS=15;//棋盘列数 

 Point[] chessList=new Point[(ROWS+1)*(COLS+1)];//初始每个数组元素为null
 boolean isBlack=true;//默认开始是黑棋先
 boolean gameOver=false;//游戏是否结束
 int chessCount;//当前棋盘棋子的个数
 int xIndex,yIndex;//当前刚下棋子的索引 

 Image img;
 Image shadows;
 Color colortemp;
 public ChessBoard(){ 

  // setBackground(Color.blue);//设置背景色为橘黄色
  img=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("board.jpg");
  shadows=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("shadows.jpg");
  addMouseListener(this);
  addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionListener(){
   public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e){ 

   } 

   public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e){
    int x1=(e.getX()-MARGIN+GRID_SPAN/2)/GRID_SPAN;
    //将鼠标点击的坐标位置转成网格索引
    int y1=(e.getY()-MARGIN+GRID_SPAN/2)/GRID_SPAN;
    //游戏已经结束不能下
    //落在棋盘外不能下
    //x，y位置已经有棋子存在，不能下
    if(x1<0||x1>ROWS||y1<0||y1>COLS||gameOver||findChess(x1,y1))
     setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.DEFAULT_CURSOR));
    //设置成默认状态
    else setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR)); 

   }
  });
 } 

//绘制
 public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 

  super.paintComponent(g);//画棋盘 

  int imgWidth= img.getWidth(this);
  int imgHeight=img.getHeight(this);//获得图片的宽度与高度
  int FWidth=getWidth();
  int FHeight=getHeight();//获得窗口的宽度与高度
  int x=(FWidth-imgWidth)/2;
  int y=(FHeight-imgHeight)/2;
  g.drawImage(img, x, y, null); 

  for(int i=0;i<=ROWS;i++){//画横线
   g.drawLine(MARGIN, MARGIN+i*GRID_SPAN, MARGIN+COLS*GRID_SPAN, MARGIN+i*GRID_SPAN);
  }
  for(int i=0;i<=COLS;i++){//画竖线
   g.drawLine(MARGIN+i*GRID_SPAN, MARGIN, MARGIN+i*GRID_SPAN, MARGIN+ROWS*GRID_SPAN); 

  } 

  //画棋子
  for(int i=0;i<chessCount;i++){
   //网格交叉点x，y坐标
   int xPos=chessList[i].getX()*GRID_SPAN+MARGIN;
   int yPos=chessList[i].getY()*GRID_SPAN+MARGIN;
   g.setColor(chessList[i].getColor());//设置颜色
   // g.fillOval(xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2,
       //Point.DIAMETER, Point.DIAMETER);
   //g.drawImage(shadows, xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, Point.DIAMETER, Point.DIAMETER, null);
   colortemp=chessList[i].getColor();
   if(colortemp==Color.black){
    RadialGradientPaint paint = new RadialGradientPaint(xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2+25, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2+10, 20, new float[]{0f, 1f}
    , new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.BLACK});
    ((Graphics2D) g).setPaint(paint);
    ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_DEFAULT); 

   }
   else if(colortemp==Color.white){
    RadialGradientPaint paint = new RadialGradientPaint(xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2+25, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2+10, 70, new float[]{0f, 1f}
    , new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.BLACK});
    ((Graphics2D) g).setPaint(paint);
    ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_DEFAULT); 

   } 

   Ellipse2D e = new Ellipse2D.Float(xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, 34, 35);
   ((Graphics2D) g).fill(e);
   //标记最后一个棋子的红矩形框 

   if(i==chessCount-1){//如果是最后一个棋子
    g.setColor(Color.red);
    g.drawRect(xPos-Point.DIAMETER/2, yPos-Point.DIAMETER/2,
       34, 35);
   }
  }
 } 

 public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){//鼠标在组件上按下时调用 

  //游戏结束时，不再能下
  if(gameOver) return; 

  String colorName=isBlack?"黑棋":"白棋"; 

  //将鼠标点击的坐标位置转换成网格索引
  xIndex=(e.getX()-MARGIN+GRID_SPAN/2)/GRID_SPAN;
  yIndex=(e.getY()-MARGIN+GRID_SPAN/2)/GRID_SPAN; 

  //落在棋盘外不能下
  if(xIndex<0||xIndex>ROWS||yIndex<0||yIndex>COLS)
   return; 

  //如果x，y位置已经有棋子存在，不能下
  if(findChess(xIndex,yIndex))return; 

  //可以进行时的处理
  Point ch=new Point(xIndex,yIndex,isBlack?Color.black:Color.white);
  chessList[chessCount++]=ch;
  repaint();//通知系统重新绘制 

  //如果胜出则给出提示信息，不能继续下棋 

  if(isWin()){
   String msg=String.format("恭喜，%s赢了！", colorName);
   JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, msg);
   gameOver=true;
  }
  isBlack=!isBlack;
  }
 //覆盖mouseListener的方法
 public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e){
  //鼠标按键在组件上单击时调用
 } 

 public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e){
  //鼠标进入到组件上时调用
 }
 public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e){
  //鼠标离开组件时调用
 }
 public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e){
  //鼠标按钮在组件上释放时调用
 }
 //在棋子数组中查找是否有索引为x，y的棋子存在
 private boolean findChess(int x,int y){
  for(Point c:chessList){
   if(c!=null&&c.getX()==x&&c.getY()==y)
    return true;
  }
  return false;
 } 

 private boolean isWin(){
  int continueCount=1;//连续棋子的个数 

  //横向向西寻找
  for(int x=xIndex-1;x>=0;x--){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,yIndex,c)!=null){
    continueCount++;
   }else
    break;
  }
  //横向向东寻找
  for(int x=xIndex+1;x<=COLS;x++){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,yIndex,c)!=null){
    continueCount++;
   }else
    break;
  }
  if(continueCount>=5){
    return true;
  }else
  continueCount=1; 

  //继续另一种搜索纵向
  //向上搜索
  for(int y=yIndex-1;y>=0;y--){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(xIndex,y,c)!=null){
    continueCount++;
   }else
    break;
  }
  //纵向向下寻找
  for(int y=yIndex+1;y<=ROWS;y++){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(xIndex,y,c)!=null)
    continueCount++;
   else
    break; 

  }
  if(continueCount>=5)
   return true;
  else
   continueCount=1; 

  //继续另一种情况的搜索：斜向
  //东北寻找
  for(int x=xIndex+1,y=yIndex-1;y>=0&&x<=COLS;x++,y--){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,y,c)!=null){
    continueCount++;
   }
   else break;
  }
  //西南寻找
  for(int x=xIndex-1,y=yIndex+1;x>=0&&y<=ROWS;x--,y++){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,y,c)!=null){
    continueCount++;
   }
   else break;
  }
  if(continueCount>=5)
   return true;
  else continueCount=1; 

  //继续另一种情况的搜索：斜向
  //西北寻找
  for(int x=xIndex-1,y=yIndex-1;x>=0&&y>=0;x--,y--){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,y,c)!=null)
    continueCount++;
   else break;
  }
  //东南寻找
  for(int x=xIndex+1,y=yIndex+1;x<=COLS&&y<=ROWS;x++,y++){
   Color c=isBlack?Color.black:Color.white;
   if(getChess(x,y,c)!=null)
    continueCount++;
   else break;
  }
  if(continueCount>=5)
   return true;
  else continueCount=1; 

  return false;
  } 

 private Point getChess(int xIndex,int yIndex,Color color){
  for(Point p:chessList){
   if(p!=null&&p.getX()==xIndex&&p.getY()==yIndex
     &&p.getColor()==color)
    return p;
  }
  return null;
 } 

 public void restartGame(){
  //清除棋子
  for(int i=0;i<chessList.length;i++){
   chessList[i]=null;
  }
  //恢复游戏相关的变量值
  isBlack=true;
  gameOver=false; //游戏是否结束
  chessCount =0; //当前棋盘棋子个数
  repaint();
 } 

 //悔棋
 public void goback(){
  if(chessCount==0)
   return ;
  chessList[chessCount-1]=null;
  chessCount--;
  if(chessCount>0){
   xIndex=chessList[chessCount-1].getX();
   yIndex=chessList[chessCount-1].getY();
  }
  isBlack=!isBlack;
  repaint();
 } 

 //矩形Dimension 

 public Dimension getPreferredSize(){
  return new Dimension(MARGIN*2+GRID_SPAN*COLS,MARGIN*2
       +GRID_SPAN*ROWS);
 } 

} 

2.棋子类

package cn.edu.ouc.fiveChess; 

import java.awt.Color;
/**
 * 棋子类
 */
public class Point {
 private int x;//棋盘中的x索引
 private int y;//棋盘中的y索引
 private Color color;//颜色
 public static final int DIAMETER=30;//直径 

 public Point(int x,int y,Color color){
  this.x=x;
  this.y=y;
  this.color=color;
 } 

 public int getX(){//拿到棋盘中x的索引
  return x;
 }
 public int getY(){
  return y;
 }
 public Color getColor(){//获得棋子的颜色
  return color;
 }
} 

3.五子棋主框架类

package cn.edu.ouc.fiveChess;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*; 

import javax.swing.*;
/*
 五子棋主框架類，程序啟動類
 */
public class StartChessJFrame extends JFrame {
 private ChessBoard chessBoard;
 private JPanel toolbar;
 private JButton startButton,backButton,exitButton; 

 private JMenuBar menuBar;
 private JMenu sysMenu;
 private JMenuItem startMenuItem,exitMenuItem,backMenuItem;
 //重新开始，退出，和悔棋菜单项
 public StartChessJFrame(){
  setTitle("单机版五子棋");//设置标题
  chessBoard=new ChessBoard(); 

  Container contentPane=getContentPane();
  contentPane.add(chessBoard);
  chessBoard.setOpaque(true); 

  //创建和添加菜单
  menuBar =new JMenuBar();//初始化菜单栏
  sysMenu=new JMenu("系统");//初始化菜单
  //初始化菜单项
  startMenuItem=new JMenuItem("重新开始");
  exitMenuItem =new JMenuItem("退出");
  backMenuItem =new JMenuItem("悔棋");
  //将三个菜单项添加到菜单上
  sysMenu.add(startMenuItem);
  sysMenu.add(exitMenuItem);
  sysMenu.add(backMenuItem);
  //初始化按钮事件监听器内部类
  MyItemListener lis=new MyItemListener();
  //将三个菜单注册到事件监听器上
  this.startMenuItem.addActionListener(lis);
  backMenuItem.addActionListener(lis);
  exitMenuItem.addActionListener(lis);
  menuBar.add(sysMenu);//将系统菜单添加到菜单栏上
  setJMenuBar(menuBar);//将menuBar设置为菜单栏 

  toolbar=new JPanel();//工具面板实例化
  //三个按钮初始化
  startButton=new JButton("重新开始");
  exitButton=new JButton("退出");
  backButton=new JButton("悔棋");
  //将工具面板按钮用FlowLayout布局
  toolbar.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
  //将三个按钮添加到工具面板
  toolbar.add(startButton);
  toolbar.add(exitButton);
  toolbar.add(backButton);
  //将三个按钮注册监听事件
  startButton.addActionListener(lis);
  exitButton.addActionListener(lis);
  backButton.addActionListener(lis);
  //将工具面板布局到界面”南方“也就是下方
  add(toolbar,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  add(chessBoard);//将面板对象添加到窗体上
  //设置界面关闭事件
  setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  //setSize(800,800);
  pack();//自适应大小 

 } 

 private class MyItemListener implements ActionListener{
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
   Object obj=e.getSource();//获得事件源
   if(obj==StartChessJFrame.this.startMenuItem||obj==startButton){
    //重新开始
    //JFiveFrame.this内部类引用外部类
    System.out.println("重新开始");
    chessBoard.restartGame();
   }
   else if (obj==exitMenuItem||obj==exitButton)
    System.exit(0);
   else if (obj==backMenuItem||obj==backButton){
    System.out.println("悔棋...");
    chessBoard.goback();
   }
  }
 } 

 public static void main(String[] args){
  StartChessJFrame f=new StartChessJFrame();//创建主框架
  f.setVisible(true);//显示主框架 

 }
}

三、总结
1.菜单的设计与实现？
2.鼠标点击棋盘后，如何绘制棋子？如何为刚下的棋子绘制一个红色框？
3.棋谱是如何一个数据结构？

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家学习java程序设计有所帮助。