python实现简易版计算器

学了一周的Python，这篇文章算是为这段时间自学做的小总结。

一、Python简介

Python是一门十分优美的脚本语言，如果学过java、c++那入门Python是非常简单的。Python具有丰富和强大的类库。它常被昵称为胶水语言，它能够很轻松的把用其他语言制作的各种模块（尤其是C/C++）轻松地联结在一起。常见的一种应用情形是，使用Python快速生成程序的原型（有时甚至是程序的最终界面），然后对其中有特别要求的部分，用更合适的语言改写。

二、Python版计算器的实现

工具准备：

1. Python2.7
        2. wxPython
        3. wxGlade界面编辑工具
        4. pyCharm

具体配置什么的我就不说了，网上有很多。Python的GUI开发库有很多，这里我们使用wxPython。用wxGlade编辑界面，wxGlade是一款很好用的GUI编辑工具，它最大的优点是能自动生成编辑好的图形界面的代码。

这里主要介绍几点：

wx.TextCtrl（文本输入控件），这个作为计算器的显示屏，点击数字时用AppendText方法将数字添加至文本末尾，要取出数字时用GetValue方法，点击运算符时要将文本框中的数字清空（先存储）用Clear方法然后还有将操作符保存，点击等号后要将第二个操作数存储，然后用int方法将字符串转换为数字，计算后用SetValue方法将结果送入文本框，具体代码如下：

import wx 

# begin wxGlade: extracode
# end wxGlade 

class MyFrame(wx.Frame):
 def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
 # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__
 kwds["style"] = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE
 wx.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
 self.text_ctrl_1 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "",style=wx.TE_READONLY)
 self.button_37 = wx.Button(self, -1, "1")
 self.button_38 = wx.Button(self, -1, "2")
 self.button_39 = wx.Button(self, -1, "3")
 self.button_40 = wx.Button(self, -1, "+")
 self.button_41 = wx.Button(self, -1, "4")
 self.button_42 = wx.Button(self, -1, "5")
 self.button_43 = wx.Button(self, -1, "6")
 self.button_44 = wx.Button(self, -1, "-")
 self.button_46 = wx.Button(self, -1, "7")
 self.button_45 = wx.Button(self, -1, "8")
 self.button_47 = wx.Button(self, -1, "9")
 self.button_48 = wx.Button(self, -1, "x")
 self.button_49 = wx.Button(self, -1, "C")
 self.button_50 = wx.Button(self, -1, "0")
 self.button_51 = wx.Button(self, -1, "=")
 self.button_52 = wx.Button(self, -1, "/") 

 self.__set_properties()
 self.__do_layout() 

 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu1, self.button_37)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu2, self.button_38)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu3, self.button_39)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_plus, self.button_40)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu4, self.button_41)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu5, self.button_42)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu6, self.button_43)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_min, self.button_44)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu7, self.button_46)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu8, self.button_45)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu9, self.button_47)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_mul, self.button_48)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_clear, self.button_49)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu0, self.button_50)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_result, self.button_51)
 self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_chu, self.button_52)
 # end wxGlade
 self.Show(True) 

 def __set_properties(self):
 # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__set_properties
 self.SetTitle("Python Calculater by CYG")
 self.text_ctrl_1.SetMinSize((400, 50))
 self.button_37.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_38.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_39.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_40.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_41.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_42.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_43.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_44.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_46.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_45.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_47.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_48.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_49.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_50.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_51.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 self.button_52.SetMinSize((100, 50))
 # end wxGlade 

 def __do_layout(self):
 # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__do_layout
 sizer_2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
 sizer_3 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
 grid_sizer_1 = wx.GridSizer(4, 4, 0, 0)
 sizer_3.Add(self.text_ctrl_1, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_37, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_38, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_39, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_40, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_41, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_42, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_43, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_44, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_46, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_45, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_47, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_48, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_49, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_50, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_51, 0, 0, 0)
 grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_52, 0, 0, 0)
 sizer_3.Add(grid_sizer_1, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0)
 sizer_2.Add(sizer_3, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0)
 self.SetSizer(sizer_2)
 sizer_2.Fit(self)
 self.Layout()
 # end wxGlade 

 def bu1(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("1")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu2(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("2")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu3(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("3")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_plus(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
 self.op="+"
 self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
 event.Skip() 

 def bu4(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("4")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu5(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("5")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu6(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("6")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_min(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
 self.op="-"
 self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
 event.Skip() 

 def bu7(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("7")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu8(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("8")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu9(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("9")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_mul(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
 self.op="x"
 self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_clear(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
 event.Skip() 

 def bu0(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("0")
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_chu(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
 self.op="/"
 self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
 event.Skip() 

 def bu_result(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
 self.num2=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
 num1=int(self.num1)
 num2=int(self.num2)
 if self.op=="+":
  self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1+num2))
 elif self.op=="-":
  self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1-num2))
 elif self.op=="x":
  self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1*num2))
 elif self.op=="/":
  self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1/num2))
 event.Skip() 

# end of class MyFrame
if __name__ == "__main__": 

 app=wx.App(False)
 myframe=MyFrame(None)
 app.MainLoop() 

按钮的ID，名称什么的我基本都是用wxGlade自动生成的。
没有做什么美化，只是为了练练手，给张图：

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