Android WindowManger的层级分析详解

目录

• 一. Window 分类
• 二. Window层级
• （1）应用程序窗口：
• （2）子窗口：
• （3）系统窗口：
• （三）如何真正查看 Window 的优先级
• （四） 层级高低具体分析（对比Toast以及软键盘）
• （五）如何定制系统层级

一. Window 分类

• 应用 Window（ApplicationWindow： 对应一个 Acitivity）
  
• 子 Window    （SubWindow：不能单独存在，需要依附在特定的父 Window 中，比如常见的一些 Dialog 就是一个子 Window）
  
• 系统 Window （SystemWindow：需要声明权限才能创建的 Window，比如 Toast 和系统状态栏都是系统 Window）

二. Window层级

Window 是分层的，每个 Window 都有对应的 z-ordered，层级大的会覆盖在层级小的 Window 上面，这和 HTML 中的 z-index 概念是完全一致的。

在三种 Window 中，每一种Window的层级范围也是不同的，如下：

应用Window    1~99

子Window        1000~1999

系统Window    2000~2999

这些层级范围对应着 WindowManager.LayoutParams 的 type 参数，如果想要 Window 位于所有 Window 的最顶层，那么采用较大的层级即可，很显然系统 Window 的层级是最大的，当我们采用系统层级时，需要声明权限。

（1）应用程序窗口：

package android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        /**
         * Start of window types that represent normal application windows.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 1;

        /**
         * Window type: an application window that serves as the "base" window
         * of the overall application; all other application windows will
         * appear on top of it.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION   = 1;

        /**
         * Window type: a normal application window.  The {@link #token} must be
         * an Activity token identifying who the window belongs to.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION        = 2;

        /**
         * Window type: special application window that is displayed while the
         * application is starting.  Not for use by applications themselves;
         * this is used by the system to display something until the
         * application can show its own windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING = 3;

        /**
         * Window type: a variation on TYPE_APPLICATION that ensures the window
         * manager will wait for this window to be drawn before the app is shown.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION = 4;

        /**
         * End of types of application windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW = 99;

（2）子窗口：

package android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        /**
         * Start of types of sub-windows.  The {@link #token} of these windows
         * must be set to the window they are attached to.  These types of
         * windows are kept next to their attached window in Z-order, and their
         * coordinate space is relative to their attached window.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_SUB_WINDOW = 1000;

        /**
         * Window type: a panel on top of an application window.  These windows
         * appear on top of their attached window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW;

        /**
         * Window type: window for showing media (such as video).  These windows
         * are displayed behind their attached window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 1;

        /**
         * Window type: a sub-panel on top of an application window.  These
         * windows are displayed on top their attached window and any
         * {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL} panels.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 2;

        /** Window type: like {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL}, but layout
         * of the window happens as that of a top-level window, <em>not</em>
         * as a child of its container.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 3;

        /**
         * Window type: window for showing overlays on top of media windows.
         * These windows are displayed between TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA and the
         * application window.  They should be translucent to be useful.  This
         * is a big ugly hack so:
         * @hide
         */
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA_OVERLAY  = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 4;

        /**
         * Window type: a above sub-panel on top of an application window and it's
         * sub-panel windows. These windows are displayed on top of their attached window
         * and any {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL} panels.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_ABOVE_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SUB_WINDOW + 5;

        /**
         * End of types of sub-windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_SUB_WINDOW = 1999;

（3）系统窗口：

package android.view;
public interface WindowManager
        /**
         * Start of system-specific window types.  These are not normally
         * created by applications.
         */
        public static final int FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW     = 2000;

        /**
         * Window type: the status bar.  There can be only one status bar
         * window; it is placed at the top of the screen, and all other
         * windows are shifted down so they are below it.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW;

        /**
         * Window type: the search bar.  There can be only one search bar
         * window; it is placed at the top of the screen.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SEARCH_BAR         = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+1;

        /**
         * Window type: phone.  These are non-application windows providing
         * user interaction with the phone (in particular incoming calls).
         * These windows are normally placed above all applications, but behind
         * the status bar.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_PHONE              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+2;

        /**
         * Window type: system window, such as low power alert. These windows
         * are always on top of application windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+3;

        /**
         * Window type: keyguard window.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @removed
         */
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD           = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+4;

        /**
         * Window type: transient notifications.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_TOAST              = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+5;

        /**
         * Window type: system overlay windows, which need to be displayed
         * on top of everything else.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+6;

        /**
         * Window type: priority phone UI, which needs to be displayed even if
         * the keyguard is active.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE     = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+7;

        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG      = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+8;

        /**
         * Window type: dialogs that the keyguard shows
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG    = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+9;

        /**
         * Window type: internal system error windows, appear on top of
         * everything they can.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @deprecated for non-system apps. Use {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY} instead.
         */
        @Deprecated
        public static final int TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+10;

        /**
         * Window type: internal input methods windows, which appear above
         * the normal UI.  Application windows may be resized or panned to keep
         * the input focus visible while this window is displayed.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD       = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+11;

        /**
         * Window type: internal input methods dialog windows, which appear above
         * the current input method window.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG= FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+12;

        /**
         * Window type: wallpaper window, placed behind any window that wants
         * to sit on top of the wallpaper.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_WALLPAPER          = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+13;

        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from over the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL   = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+14;

        /**
         * Window type: secure system overlay windows, which need to be displayed
         * on top of everything else.  These windows must not take input
         * focus, or they will interfere with the keyguard.
         *
         * This is exactly like {@link #TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY} except that only the
         * system itself is allowed to create these overlays.  Applications cannot
         * obtain permission to create secure system overlays.
         *
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+15;

        /**
         * Window type: the drag-and-drop pseudowindow.  There is only one
         * drag layer (at most), and it is placed on top of all other windows.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DRAG               = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+16;

        /**
         * Window type: panel that slides out from over the status bar
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows. These windows
         * are displayed on top of the stauts bar and any {@link #TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL}
         * windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+17;

        /**
         * Window type: (mouse) pointer
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_POINTER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+18;

        /**
         * Window type: Navigation bar (when distinct from status bar)
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+19;

        /**
         * Window type: The volume level overlay/dialog shown when the user
         * changes the system volume.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+20;

        /**
         * Window type: The boot progress dialog, goes on top of everything
         * in the world.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+21;

        /**
         * Window type to consume input events when the systemUI bars are hidden.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+22;

        /**
         * Window type: Dreams (screen saver) window, just above keyguard.
         * In multiuser systems shows only on the owning user's window.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DREAM = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+23;

        /**
         * Window type: Navigation bar panel (when navigation bar is distinct from status bar)
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+24;

        /**
         * Window type: Display overlay window.  Used to simulate secondary display devices.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        @UnsupportedAppUsage
        public static final int TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+26;

        /**
         * Window type: Magnification overlay window. Used to highlight the magnified
         * portion of a display when accessibility magnification is enabled.
         * In multiuser systems shows on all users' windows.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+27;

        /**
         * Window type: Window for Presentation on top of private
         * virtual display.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+30;

        /**
         * Window type: Windows in the voice interaction layer.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+31;

        /**
         * Window type: Windows that are overlaid <em>only</em> by a connected {@link
         * android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService} for interception of
         * user interactions without changing the windows an accessibility service
         * can introspect. In particular, an accessibility service can introspect
         * only windows that a sighted user can interact with which is they can touch
         * these windows or can type into these windows. For example, if there
         * is a full screen accessibility overlay that is touchable, the windows
         * below it will be introspectable by an accessibility service even though
         * they are covered by a touchable window.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+32;

        /**
         * Window type: Starting window for voice interaction layer.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+33;

        /**
         * Window for displaying a handle used for resizing docked stacks. This window is owned
         * by the system process.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+34;

        /**
         * Window type: like {@link #TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG}, but used
         * by Quick Settings Tiles.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_QS_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+35;

        /**
         * Window type: shares similar characteristics with {@link #TYPE_DREAM}. The layer is
         * reserved for screenshot region selection. These windows must not take input focus.
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_SCREENSHOT = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 36;

        /**
         * Window type: Window for Presentation on an external display.
         * @see android.app.Presentation
         * @hide
         */
        public static final int TYPE_PRESENTATION = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 37;

        /**
         * Window type: Application overlay windows are displayed above all activity windows
         * (types between {@link #FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW} and {@link #LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW})
         * but below critical system windows like the status bar or IME.
         * <p>
         * The system may change the position, size, or visibility of these windows at anytime
         * to reduce visual clutter to the user and also manage resources.
         * <p>
         * Requires {@link android.Manifest.permission#SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW} permission.
         * <p>
         * The system will adjust the importance of processes with this window type to reduce the
         * chance of the low-memory-killer killing them.
         * <p>
         * In multi-user systems shows only on the owning user's screen.
         */
        public static final int TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW + 38;

        /**
         * End of types of system windows.
         */
        public static final int LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW      = 2999;

 窗口显示顺序：
Type 值越大层级越高，Type 值大的覆盖 Type 值小的，这只是一般规律。

（三）如何真正查看 Window 的优先级

/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/WindowManagerPolicy.java
    default int getWindowLayerFromTypeLw(int type, boolean canAddInternalSystemWindow) {
        if (type >= FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW && type <= LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW) {
            return APPLICATION_LAYER;
        }
        switch (type) {
            case TYPE_WALLPAPER:
                // wallpaper is at the bottom, though the window manager may move it.
                return  1;
            case TYPE_PRESENTATION:
            case TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_DOCK_DIVIDER:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_QS_DIALOG:
                return  APPLICATION_LAYER;
            case TYPE_PHONE:
                return  3;
            case TYPE_SEARCH_BAR:
            case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTING:
                return  4;
            case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION:
                // voice interaction layer is almost immediately above apps.
                return  5;
            case TYPE_INPUT_CONSUMER:
                return  6;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG:
                return  7;
            case TYPE_TOAST:
                // toasts and the plugged-in battery thing
                return  8;
            case TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE:
                // SIM errors and unlock.  Not sure if this really should be in a high layer.
                return  9;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT:
                // like the ANR / app crashed dialogs
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 11 : 10;
            case TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY:
                return  12;
            case TYPE_DREAM:
                // used for Dreams (screensavers with TYPE_DREAM windows)
                return  13;
            case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD:
                // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces go here.
                return  14;
            case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG:
                // on-screen keyboards and other such input method user interfaces go here.
                return  15;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR:
                return  17;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL:
                return  18;
            case TYPE_STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL:
                return  19;
            case TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG:
                return  20;
            case TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY:
                // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user
                // changes the device volume
                return  21;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY:
                // the on-screen volume indicator and controller shown when the user
                // changes the device volume
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 22 : 11;
            case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR:
                // the navigation bar, if available, shows atop most things
                return  23;
            case TYPE_NAVIGATION_BAR_PANEL:
                // some panels (e.g. search) need to show on top of the navigation bar
                return  24;
            case TYPE_SCREENSHOT:
                // screenshot selection layer shouldn't go above system error, but it should cover
                // navigation bars at the very least.
                return  25;
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR:
                // system-level error dialogs
                return  canAddInternalSystemWindow ? 26 : 10;
            case TYPE_MAGNIFICATION_OVERLAY:
                // used to highlight the magnified portion of a display
                return  27;
            case TYPE_DISPLAY_OVERLAY:
                // used to simulate secondary display devices
                return  28;
            case TYPE_DRAG:
                // the drag layer: input for drag-and-drop is associated with this window,
                // which sits above all other focusable windows
                return  29;
            case TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY:
                // overlay put by accessibility services to intercept user interaction
                return  30;
            case TYPE_SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY:
                return  31;
            case TYPE_BOOT_PROGRESS:
                return  32;
            case TYPE_POINTER:
                // the (mouse) pointer layer
                return  33;
            default:
                Slog.e("WindowManager", "Unknown window type: " + type);
                return APPLICATION_LAYER;
        }
    }

 以上返回的是除 Application 外的 Window 的层级，在开发系统应用时可以选择一种开发自己的 Window.

（四） 层级高低具体分析（对比Toast以及软键盘）

低于toast--->盖不住toast
低于软键盘--->盖不住软键盘
依附Activity使用--->is your activity running?
 public static int getWindowType(int num) {
        switch (num) {
            case 1:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 2:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SEARCH_BAR;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 3:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_DIALOG;//低于toast  低于软键盘
            case 4:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 5:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 6:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG;//高于toast  盖住键盘
            case 7:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR;//高于toast    低于软键盘
            case 8:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG;//高于toast  低于软键盘
            case 9:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;//高于toast  高于软键盘
            case 10:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR;//高于toast  高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起）
            case 11:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_STATUS_BAR_PANEL;//高于toast  高于软键盘（键盘会把透明view顶起）
            case 12:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY;//低于下级页面
            case 13:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY;//is your activity running?
            case 14:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 15:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 16:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING;// is your activity running?
            case 17:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_DRAWN_APPLICATION;// is your activity running?
            case 18:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL;// is your activity running?
            case 19:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_MEDIA;// is your activity running?
            case 20:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL;// is your activity running?
            case 21:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG;// is your activity running?
            case 22:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_WALLPAPER;// is your activity running?
            case 23:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_TOAST;// is your activity running?
            case 24:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_INPUT_METHOD;//is your activity running?
            case 25:
                return WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION;//permission denied for window type 2030
            default:
                return 0;
        }
    }

（五）如何定制系统层级

改变层级关系需要改写 getWindowLayerFromTypeLw 的 switch 顺序结构和返回值
如果需要更改一些 Window 的行为，需要修改
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/policy/PhoneWindowManager.java

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