使用Spring Boot快速构建基于SQLite数据源的应用
为了提供一个单包易部署的服务器应用,考虑使用Spring Boot,因为其集成了Apache Tomcat,易于运行,免去绝大部分了服务器配置的步骤。
项目初始化
首先从mvn archetype:generate
中选择 com.github.mkspcd:simple-webapp
(或其他webapp模版) 模版生成项目结构。
更多关于maven请移步Maven - Users Centre
在pom.xml中添加parent来获取Spring Boot所需的最小依赖。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.github.hwding.example</groupId> <artifactId>example</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <version>0.0.1</version> <name>an example</name> <url>https://github.com/hwding</url> <!-- 添加Spring的Repository以便于添加相关组件 --> <repositories> <repository> <url>http://repo.spring.io/milestone/</url> <id>repo-spring</id> </repository> </repositories> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version> </parent> <build> <finalName>example</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <!-- 编译级别,可选 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 用于Hibernate4的SQLite3 Dialect --> <dependency> <groupId>com.enigmabridge</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate4-sqlite-dialect</artifactId> <version>0.1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 用于配置数据源 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId> <artifactId>javax.persistence</artifactId> <version>2.2.0-RC1</version> </dependency> <!-- SQLite3 驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.xerial</groupId> <artifactId>sqlite-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.20.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
pom中同时添加了Hibernate以及Spring JPA等相关组件。
配置数据源
@Configuration public class DataSourceConfiguration { @Bean(destroyMethod = "", name = "EmbeddeddataSource") public DataSource dataSource() { DataSourceBuilder dataSourceBuilder = DataSourceBuilder.create(); dataSourceBuilder.driverClassName("org.sqlite.JDBC"); dataSourceBuilder.url("jdbc:sqlite:" + "example.db"); dataSourceBuilder.type(SQLiteDataSource.class); return dataSourceBuilder.build(); } }
这里设置了该Bean的destroyMethod = ""是为了防止停止服务器时容器管理器两次销毁导致的异常,name = "EmbeddeddataSource"用于在自动装配Bean时与其他dataSource加以区分。
为了使该独立服务易部署易分发,使用SQLite3作为数据存取的源,值得注意的是,该场景非常少见。
配置Spring Data JPA
@Configuration @EnableJpaRepositories( basePackages = "com.github.hwding.example.data.repository", transactionManagerRef = "jpaTransactionManager", entityManagerFactoryRef = "localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean" ) @EnableTransactionManagement public class JpaConfiguration { @Autowired @Bean public JpaTransactionManager jpaTransactionManager(@Qualifier(value = "EmbeddeddataSource") DataSource dataSource, EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) { JpaTransactionManager jpaTransactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager(); jpaTransactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory); jpaTransactionManager.setDataSource(dataSource); return jpaTransactionManager; } @Autowired @Bean LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(@Qualifier(value = "EmbeddeddataSource") DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter) { LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(); localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource); localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.setPackagesToScan("com.github.hwding.example.data.model.local"); localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter); return localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean; } @Bean public JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter() { HibernateJpaVendorAdapter hibernateJpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter(); hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true); hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setShowSql(true); hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setDatabasePlatform("com.enigmabridge.hibernate.dialect.SQLiteDialect"); return hibernateJpaVendorAdapter; } }
注意Repository和Entity扫描的包路径需要根据实际进行调整。
hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
能够在初次运行时自动根据Entity的定义生成DDL并自动创建SQLite3的 .db 数据文件,在本例中是 example.db ,DDL会最小程度的满足Entity的定义;如果该文件已经存在,则并不会对其进行覆盖。
由于Hibernate并不对SQLite3提供支持,所以需要提供第三方Dialect给它:hibernateJpaVendorAdapter.setDatabasePlatform("com.enigmabridge.hibernate.dialect.SQLiteDialect");,这个类我们已经在pom中引入了。
配置入口
@SpringBootApplication public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } }
Spring Boot能够从JAR包的入口直接启动整个应用程序。
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的使用Spring Boot快速构建基于SQLite数据源的应用,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对我们网站的支持!