Android选项菜单用法实例分析

本文实例讲述了Android选项菜单用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

Android平台下所提供的菜单大体上可分为三类：选项菜单、上下文菜单和子菜单。

当Activity在前台运行时，如果用户按下手机上的Menu键，此时就会在屏幕低端弹出相应的选项菜单。但这个功能需要开发人员编程来实现的，如果在开发应用程序时没有实现该功能，那么程序运行时按下手机的meun键是不会起作用的。

对于携带图标的选项菜单，每次最多只能显示6个，当菜单选项多于6个时，将只显示前5个和一个扩展菜单选项，点击扩展菜单选项将会弹出其余的菜单项。扩展菜单项中将不会显示图标，但是可以显示单选按钮和复选框。

以下模拟选项菜单

main.xml布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
  <ScrollView android:id="@+id/scrollView"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <EditText android:id="@+id/editText"
      android:layout_width="fill_parent"
      android:layout_height="fill_parent"
      android:editable="false"
      android:cursorVisible="false"
      android:text="您的选择为\n">
    </EditText>
  </ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>

MeunActivity类：

package com.ljq.activity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MeunActivity extends Activity {
  private final int MENU_GENDER_MALE = 0;
  private final int MENU_GENDER_FEMALE = 1;
  private final int MENU_HOBBY1 = 2;
  private final int MENU_HOBBY2 = 3;
  private final int MENU_HOBBY3 = 4;
  private final int MENU_OK = 5;
  private final int MENU_GENDER = 6;
  private final int MENU_HOBBY = 7;
  private final int GENDER_GROUP = 0;
  private final int HOBBY_GROUP = 1;
  private final int MAIN_GROUP = 2;
  MenuItem[] hoddyMenuItems = new MenuItem[3];// 爱好菜单项组
  MenuItem maleMenuItem = null;// 男性菜单项
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);
  }
  /**j
   * 初始化选项菜单
   */
  @Override
  public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    //单选菜单选项
    SubMenu genderMenu = menu.addSubMenu(MAIN_GROUP, MENU_GENDER, 0, "性别");
    genderMenu.setIcon(R.drawable.gender);
    genderMenu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.gender);
    maleMenuItem = genderMenu.add(GENDER_GROUP, MENU_GENDER_MALE, 0, "男");
    maleMenuItem.setChecked(true);
    genderMenu.add(GENDER_GROUP, MENU_GENDER_FEMALE, 0, "女");
    //设置菜单项为单选菜单项，互斥的
    genderMenu.setGroupCheckable(GENDER_GROUP, true, true);
    //复选菜单选项
    SubMenu hobbyMenu = menu.addSubMenu(MAIN_GROUP,MENU_HOBBY,0,"爱好");
    hobbyMenu.setIcon(R.drawable.hobby);
    hobbyMenu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.hobby);
    hoddyMenuItems[0]=hobbyMenu.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY1, 0, "游泳");
    hoddyMenuItems[1]=hobbyMenu.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY2, 0, "唱歌");
    hoddyMenuItems[2]=hobbyMenu.add(HOBBY_GROUP, MENU_HOBBY3, 0, "编程");
    //设置菜单项为复选菜单项
    hoddyMenuItems[0].setCheckable(true);
    hoddyMenuItems[1].setCheckable(true);
    hoddyMenuItems[2].setCheckable(true);
    //确定菜单项
    MenuItem ok=menu.add(MAIN_GROUP,MENU_OK,0,"确定");
    ok.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new OnMenuItemClickListener(){
      public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
        appendStateStr();
        return true;
      }
    });
    //给确定菜单项添加快捷键
    ok.setAlphabeticShortcut('o');//设置字符快捷键
    //ok.setNumericShortcut('1');//设置数字快捷键
    //ok.setShortcut('a', '2');//同时设置两种快捷键。注意：同时设置多次时只有最后一个设置起作用
    return true; // 记得返回true，否则无效
  }
  /**
   * 在菜单选项中某个选项被选中时调用该事件
   */
  @Override
  public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
    case MENU_GENDER_MALE:
     case MENU_GENDER_FEMALE:
       item.setChecked(true);
       appendStateStr();
       break;
     case MENU_HOBBY1:
     case MENU_HOBBY2:
     case MENU_HOBBY3:
      item.setChecked(!item.isChecked());
      appendStateStr();
      break;
    }
    return true;
  }
  public void appendStateStr() {
    String result = "您选择的性别为：";
    if (maleMenuItem.isChecked()) {
      result = result + "男";
    } else {
      result = result + "女";
    }
    String hobbyStr = "";
    for (MenuItem hoddy : hoddyMenuItems) {
      if (hoddy.isChecked()) {
        hobbyStr = hobbyStr + hoddy.getTitle() + "、";
      }
    }
    if (hobbyStr.length() > 0) {
      result = result + ",您的爱好为："
          + hobbyStr.substring(0, hobbyStr.length() - 1) + "。\n";
    } else {
      result = result + "。\n";
    }
    EditText et = (EditText) MeunActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.editText);
    et.append(result);
  }
}

运行结果：

希望本文所述对大家的Android程序设计有所帮助。