android实现手机与单片机蓝牙模块通信

本文实例为大家分享了android实现手机与单片机蓝牙模块通信的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

我是参考原博客的内容去写的，由于原博客写的不全，少了关键的几个类，然后我就凭借自己扎实的功底补出来了，现在蓝牙工作正常，能发能收！在看这边文章之前你要先了解一下蓝牙的工作状态，我的代码里面可能解释的不是很详细，但是我自己是能看懂的！

package com.example.fsl.bluetooth; 

import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast; 

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID; 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 private Toolbar toolbar;
 private TextView status;
 private StringBuilder mstringbuilder;
 private static final UUID MY_UUID=UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");//没有用到
 BluetoothReceiver receiver;
 BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter;
 BluetoothSocket mBtSocket;
 private BlueToothTool client;
 private ListView mListView;
 private List<String> ListDevice;
 private ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter;
 private Button mbutton;
 private EditText editText;
 private ProgressBar progressBar;
 private LoopProgressBar loopProgressBar;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 toolbar=(Toolbar)findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
 status=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView2);
 mListView=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.listView);
 mbutton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
 editText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText);
 progressBar=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
 progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
 loopProgressBar=(LoopProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.loop);
 ListDevice=new ArrayList<String>();
 mstringbuilder=new StringBuilder();
 setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
 enablebluetooth();
 mbutton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
 BlueToothTool.WriteTask W=client.new WriteTask(editText.getText().toString());
 W.start();
 }
 });
 mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
 @Override
 public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
 mBtAdapter.cancelDiscovery();//停止搜索
 progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
 String str = ListDevice.get(position);
 String macAdress = str.split("\\|")[1];
 BluetoothDevice device = mBtAdapter.getRemoteDevice(macAdress);
 client=new BlueToothTool(device,handler);
 try{
  client.connect();
 }catch (Exception e){
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 });
 } 

 /**
 *开启蓝牙且被发现
 */
 private void enablebluetooth(){
 mBtAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); 

 /**
 *if(!mBtAdapter.isEnabled()){这里可以先使能，可以在REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE处使能，这样的话可以连使能和请求被发现一块完成
 // mBtAdapter.enable();
 Intent enableIntent=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
 startActivityForResult(enableIntent,REQUEST_ENABLE);
 }
 else {
 show("蓝牙已开启");
 }*/
 Intent enable = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
 enable.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
 startActivityForResult(enable, REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
 } 

 /**
 * 销毁事件，注销广播
 */
 @Override
 protected void onDestroy() {
 unregisterReceiver(receiver);
 super.onDestroy();
 }
 private final Handler handler = new Handler() {
 @Override
 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
 switch (msg.what) {
 case BlueToothTool.CONNECT_FAILED:
  show("连接失败");
  try {
  client.connect();
  } catch (Exception e) {
  Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
  }
  break;
 case BlueToothTool.CONNECT_SUCCESS:
  show("连接成功");
  mListView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
  break;
 case BlueToothTool.READ_FAILED:
  show("读取失败");
  break;
 case BlueToothTool.WRITE_FAILED:
  show("写入失败");
  break;
 case BlueToothTool.DATA:
  mstringbuilder.append(msg.obj.toString());
  show(mstringbuilder.toString());
  break;
 }
 }
 };
 /**
 * 请求响应结果
 * @param requestCode
 * @param resultCode
 * @param data
 */
 @Override
 protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
 switch (requestCode){ 

 /**
 *case REQUEST_ENABLE:
 if(requestCode!= Activity.RESULT_OK){
  show("蓝牙未开启");
 }
 else
  show("蓝牙已开启");
 break;*/
 case REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE:
 if(resultCode==Activity.RESULT_CANCELED){
  show("蓝牙未开启");
 }
 else
  show("蓝牙已开启");
 break;
 default:
  break;
 }
 }
 public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
 getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu,menu);
 return true;
 }
 private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE=1;
 private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE=2; 

 /**
 * 注册广播事件
 */
 @Override
 public void onResume(){
 super.onResume();
 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
 receiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
 registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
 filter=new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
 registerReceiver(receiver,filter);
 } 

 /**
 * 广播
 */
 private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
 @Override
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
 String action = intent.getAction();
 if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
 BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
 String str = device.getName() + "|" + device.getAddress();
 if (ListDevice.indexOf(str) == -1)// 防止重复添加
  ListDevice.add(str); // 获取设备名称和mac地址
 if (mAdapter != null) {
  mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
 }
 showDevices();
 }
 else if(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){
 progressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
 show("已停止寻找");
 } 

 }
 };
 /**
 * 菜单栏点击事件
 * @param item
 * @return
 */
 @Override
 public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
 switch (item.getItemId()){
 case R.id.search:
 if(!mBtAdapter.isEnabled()){
  show("蓝牙未开启");
 }
 else {
  mBtAdapter.startDiscovery();
  show("正在寻找设备");
  progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
 }
 break;
 case R.id.about:
 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"关于我们",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 break;
 default:
 }
 return true;
 }
 private void showDevices() {
 mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
 ListDevice);
 mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
 }
 /**
 * 更新UI方法
 * @param string
 */
 private void show(final String string){
 runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
 @Override
 public void run() {
 status.setText(string);
 }
 });
 }
}

然后我的读任务和写任务以及连接任务是在另一个类里面实现的，也就是BlueToothTool类，这个类一个原博客是没有写的，只是MainActivity中用到了这个类的一些方法，但是没有给出，所以就让一些同学很蛋疼。我看完之后是自己补全的这个类！

package com.example.fsl.bluetooth; 

import android.app.Notification;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.util.Log; 

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method; 

import java.util.logging.LogRecord; 

/**
 * Created by Fsl on 2017/12/22.
 */ 

public class BlueToothTool {
 private BluetoothDevice device;
 private Handler mhandler;
 BluetoothSocket socket;
 static final int CONNECT_FAILED=1;
 static final int CONNECT_SUCCESS=5;
 static final int READ_FAILED=2;
 static final int WRITE_FAILED=3;
 static final int DATA=4;
 private boolean isConnect=false; 

 public BlueToothTool(BluetoothDevice device,Handler handler){
 this.device=device;
 this.mhandler=handler;
 }
 /**
 *开辟连接线程任务
 */
 public void connect(){
 Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
 @Override
 public void run() {
 BluetoothSocket tmp = null;
 Method method;
 try {
  method = device.getClass().getMethod("createRfcommSocket", new Class[]{int.class});
  tmp = (BluetoothSocket) method.invoke(device, 1);
 } catch (Exception e) {
  setState(CONNECT_FAILED);
  Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
 }
 socket = tmp;
 try {
  socket.connect();
  isConnect = true;
  setState(CONNECT_SUCCESS);
  Readtask readtask = new Readtask(); //连接成功后开启读取数据的线程
  readtask.start();
 } catch (Exception e) {
  setState(CONNECT_FAILED);
  Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
 }
 }
 });
 new Thread(thread).start();
 }
 /**
 *开辟线程读任务
 */
 public class Readtask extends Thread{
 @Override
 public void run(){
 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
 int bytes;
 InputStream inputStream ; //建立输入流读取数据
 while (true) {
 try {
  inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
  if ((bytes = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
  byte[] buf_data= new byte[bytes];
  for (int i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
  buf_data[i] = buffer[i];
  }
  String s = new String(buf_data);
  Message msg = mhandler.obtainMessage();
  msg.what = DATA;
  msg.obj = s;
  mhandler.sendMessage(msg);
  }
 } catch (IOException e) {
  setState(READ_FAILED);
  Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
  break;
 }
 } 

 if (socket != null) {
 try {
  socket.close();
 } catch (IOException e) {
  Log.e("TAG", e.toString());
 }
 }
 }
 }
 /**
 *开辟线程写任务
 */
 public class WriteTask extends Thread{
 private String srt;
 public WriteTask(String str){
 this.srt=str;
 }
 @Override
 public void run(){
 OutputStream outputStream=null;
 byte[] st=srt.getBytes();
 try{
  outputStream=socket.getOutputStream();
  outputStream.write(st);
  }catch (Exception e){
  setState(WRITE_FAILED);
  e.printStackTrace();
 }
 } 

 } 

 private void setState(int mes){
 Message message=new Message();
 message.what=mes;
 mhandler.sendMessage(message); 

 }
 /**
 *下面这个方法目前还没有用到
 */
 private byte[] getHexBytes(String message) {
 int len = message.length() / 2;
 char[] chars = message.toCharArray();
 String[] hexStr = new String[len];
 byte[] bytes = new byte[len];
 for (int i = 0, j = 0; j < len; i += 2, j++) {
 hexStr[j] = "" + chars[i] + chars[i + 1];
 bytes[j] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hexStr[j], 16);
 }
 return bytes;
 } 

} 

以上就是我的蓝牙与单片机连接通信的全过程，顺便说一下，这个连接是自动连接的，不需要什么秘钥什么的，直接搜索到HC-05蓝牙直接就可以确定连接，亲测有效。

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。