JAVA如何读取Excel数据

1.创建Maven项目在pom文件中添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <!-- 旧的 .xls -->
    <!--<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
      <version>3.17</version>
    </dependency>-->
    <!-- 新的 .xlsx -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
      <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
      <version>3.17</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

2.编写代码

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class PoiTest {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream("src/main/resources/test.xlsx");
    XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
    //读取Sheet
    Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
    Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
    //获取最大行数
    int rownum = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
    //获取最大列数
    int colnum = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
    for (int i = 0; i < rownum; i++) {
      //获取第i行数据
      row = sheet.getRow(i);
      for (int j = 0; j < colnum; j++) {
        Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
        cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
        String cellText = cell.getStringCellValue();
        System.out.print(cellText + "\t");
      }
      System.out.println();
    }
  }
}

3.报错

3.1 异常解决Cannot get a STRING value from a NUMERIC cell poi

poi导入excel表格数据时报java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot get a STRING value from a NUMERIC cell异常是因为在读取cell单元格字符串时，有number类型的数据，因此需要把它转化为纯String类型，这样就不会报错了。
报错的地方类似于这样。

//获取单元格
XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(0);
//获取单元格数据
String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();

在number类型转化为String类型的过程中造成了Cannot get a STRING value from a NUMERIC cell这样的问题，因此需要在读取excel单元格数据转化之前设置单元格类型为String，代码如下。

//获取单元格
XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(0);
//设置单元格类型
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
//获取单元格数据
String cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();

3.2 poi导出Excel报错java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openxmlformats/schemas/spreadsheetml/x2006/main/CTWorkbook$Factoryat

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openxmlformats/schemas/spreadsheetml/x2006/main/CTWorkbook$Factoryat org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook.onWorkbookCreate(XSSFWorkbook.java:436)
at org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook.<init>(XSSFWorkbook.java:238)
at org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook.<init>(XSSFWorkbook.java:229)
at exportexcel.BuildXLSX.main(BuildXLSX.java:35)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openxmlformats.schemas.spreadsheetml.x2006.main.CTWorkbook$Factory
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
... 4 more

错误原因：

未导入poi-ooxml-schema jar包。我使用的是poi-3.15 , 应该是poi-ooxml-schemas-3.15.jar包

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