Ansible部署K8s集群的方法

2024-09-30 07:13:24

检查网络：k8s-check.yaml检查k8s各主机的网络是否可达;
检查k8s各主机操作系统版本是否达到要求；
配置k8s集群dns解析：k8s-hosts-cfg.yaml
配置yum源：k8s-yum-cfg.yaml
时钟同步：k8s-time-sync.yaml
禁用iptable、firewalld、NetworkManager服务
禁用SElinux、swap：k8s-SE-swap-disable.yaml
修改内核：k8s-kernel-cfg.yaml
配置ipvs：k8s-ipvs-cfg.yaml
安装docker：k8s-docker-install.yaml
安装k8s组件[kubeadm\kubelet\kubectl]：k8s-install-kubepkgs.yaml
安装集群镜像：k8s-apps-images.yaml
k8s集群初始化：k8s-cluster-init.yaml

环境：

主机	IP地址	组件
ansible	192.168.175.130	ansible
master	192.168.175.140	docker，kubectl，kubeadm，kubelet
node	192.168.175.141	docker，kubectl，kubeadm，kubelet
node	192.168.175.142	docker，kubectl，kubeadm，kubelet

检查及调试相关命令：

$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-time-sync.yaml --syntax-check
$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-*.yaml -C
$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-yum-cfg.yaml -C --start-at-task="Clean origin dir" --step
$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-kernel-cfg.yaml --step

主机inventory文件：

/root/ansible/hosts

[k8s_cluster]
master ansible_host=192.168.175.140
node1  ansible_host=192.168.175.141
node2  ansible_host=192.168.175.142

[k8s_cluster:vars]
ansible_port=22
ansible_user=root
ansible_password=hello123

检查网络：k8s-check.yaml检查`k8s`各主机的网络是否可达;

检查`k8s`各主机操作系统版本是否达到要求；

- name: step01_check
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - name: check network
      shell:
        cmd: "ping -c 3 -m 2 {{ansible_host}}"
      delegate_to: localhost

    - name: get system version
      shell: cat /etc/system-release
      register: system_release

    - name: check system version
      vars:
        system_version: "{{ system_release.stdout | regex_search('([7-9].[0-9]+).*?') }}"
        suitable_version: 7.5
      debug:
        msg: "{{ 'The version of the operating system is '+ system_version +', suitable!' if (system_version | float >= suitable_version) else 'The version of the operating system is unsuitable' }}"

调试命令：

$ ansible-playbook --ssh-extra-args '-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no' -v -C k8s-check.yaml
$ ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False ansible-playbook -v -C k8s-check.yaml
$ ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False ansible-playbook -v k8s-check.yaml --start-at-task="get system version"

连接配置：k8s-conn-cfg.yaml在ansible服务器的/etc/hosts文件中添加k8s主机名解析配置
生成密钥对，配置ansible免密登录到k8s各主机

- name: step02_conn_cfg
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  vars_prompt:
    - name: RSA
      prompt: Generate RSA or not(Yes/No)?
      default: "no"
      private: no

    - name: password
      prompt: input your login password?
      default: "hello123"
  tasks:
    - name: Add DNS of k8s to ansible
      delegate_to: localhost
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/hosts
        line: "{{ansible_host}}  {{inventory_hostname}}"
        backup: yes
    - name: Generate RSA
      run_once: true
      shell:
        cmd: ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -N ''
        creates: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
      when: RSA | bool
    - name: Configure password free login
      shell: |
          /usr/bin/ssh-keyscan {{ ansible_host }} >> /root/.ssh/known_hosts 2> /dev/null
          /usr/bin/ssh-keyscan {{ inventory_hostname }} >> /root/.ssh/known_hosts 2> /dev/null
          /usr/bin/sshpass -p'{{ password }}' ssh-copy-id root@{{ ansible_host }}
          #/usr/bin/sshpass -p'{{ password }}' ssh-copy-id root@{{ inventory_hostname }}
    - name: Test ssh
      shell: hostname

执行：

$ ansible-playbook k8s-conn-cfg.yaml
Generate RSA or not(Yes/No)? [no]: yes
input your login password? [hello123]:

PLAY [step02_conn_cfg] **********************************************************************************************************
TASK [Add DNS of k8s to ansible] ************************************************************************************************
ok: [master -> localhost]
ok: [node1 -> localhost]
ok: [node2 -> localhost]
TASK [Generate RSA] *************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master -> localhost]
TASK [Configure password free login] ********************************************************************************************
changed: [node1 -> localhost]
changed: [node2 -> localhost]
TASK [Test ssh] *****************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master]
changed: [node1]
changed: [node2]
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=4    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

配置k8s集群dns解析： k8s-hosts-cfg.yaml

设置主机名
/etc/hosts文件中互相添加dns解析

- name: step03_cfg_host
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - name: set hostname
      hostname:
        name: "{{ inventory_hostname }}"
        use: systemd
    - name: Add dns to each other
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/hosts
        backup: yes
        line: "{{item.value.ansible_host}}  {{item.key}}"
      loop: "{{ hostvars | dict2items }}"
      loop_control:
        label: "{{ item.key }} {{ item.value.ansible_host }}"

执行：

$ ansible-playbook k8s-hosts-cfg.yaml

PLAY [step03_cfg_host] **********************************************************************************************************
TASK [set hostname] *************************************************************************************************************
ok: [master]
ok: [node1]
ok: [node2]
TASK [Add dns to each other] ****************************************************************************************************
ok: [node2] => (item=node1 192.168.175.141)
ok: [master] => (item=node1 192.168.175.141)
ok: [node1] => (item=node1 192.168.175.141)
ok: [node2] => (item=node2 192.168.175.142)
ok: [master] => (item=node2 192.168.175.142)
ok: [node1] => (item=node2 192.168.175.142)
ok: [node2] => (item=master 192.168.175.140)
ok: [master] => (item=master 192.168.175.140)
ok: [node1] => (item=master 192.168.175.140)
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

配置yum源：k8s-yum-cfg.yaml

- name: step04_yum_cfg
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Create back-up directory
      file:
        path: /etc/yum.repos.d/org/
        state: directory
    - name: Back-up old Yum files
      shell:
        cmd: mv -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/org/
        removes: /etc/yum.repos.d/org/
    - name: Add new Yum files
      copy:
        src: ./files_yum/
        dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
    - name: Check yum.repos.d
        cmd: ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*

时钟同步：k8s-time-sync.yaml

- name: step05_time_sync
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Start chronyd.service
      systemd:
        name: chronyd.service
        state: started
        enabled: yes
    - name: Modify time zone & clock
      shell: |
        cp -f /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
        clock -w
        hwclock -w
    - name: Check time now
      command: date

禁用iptable、firewalld、NetworkManager服务

- name: step06_net_service
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Stop some services for net
      systemd:
        name: "{{ item }}"
        state: stopped
        enabled: no
      loop:
        - firewalld
        - iptables
        - NetworkManager

执行：

$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-net-service.yaml
... ...
failed: [master] (item=iptables) => {
    "ansible_loop_var": "item",
    "changed": false,
    "item": "iptables"
}

MSG:
Could not find the requested service iptables: host
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=1    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

禁用SElinux、swap：k8s-SE-swap-disable.yaml

- name: step07_net_service
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: SElinux disabled
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/selinux/config
        line: SELINUX=disabled
        regexp: ^SELINUX=
        state: present
        backup: yes
    - name: Swap disabled
        path: /etc/fstab
        line: '#\1'
        regexp: '(^/dev/mapper/centos-swap.*$)'
        backrefs: yes

修改内核：k8s-kernel-cfg.yaml

- name: step08_kernel_cfg
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Create /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
      copy:
        content: ''
        dest: /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
        force: yes
    - name: Cfg bridge and ip_forward
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
        line: "{{ item }}"
        state: present
      loop:
        - 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1'
        - 'net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1'
        - 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1'
    - name: Load cfg
      shell:
        cmd: |
          sysctl -p
          modprobe br_netfilter
        removes: /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf
    - name: Check cfg
        cmd: '[ $(lsmod | grep br_netfilter | wc -l) -ge 2 ] && exit 0 || exit 3'

执行：

$ ansible-playbook -v k8s-kernel-cfg.yaml --step

TASK [Check cfg] ****************************************************************************************************************
changed: [master] => {
    "changed": true,
    "cmd": "[ $(lsmod | grep br_netfilter | wc -l) -ge 2 ] && exit 0 || exit 3",
    "delta": "0:00:00.011574",
    "end": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.332896",
    "rc": 0,
    "start": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.321322"
}
changed: [node2] => {
    "delta": "0:00:00.016331",
    "end": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.351208",
    "start": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.334877"
changed: [node1] => {
    "delta": "0:00:00.016923",
    "end": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.355983",
    "start": "2022-02-27 04:26:01.339060"
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=4    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=4    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=4    changed=4    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

配置ipvs：k8s-ipvs-cfg.yaml

- name: step09_ipvs_cfg
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Install ipset and ipvsadm
      yum:
        name: "{{ item }}"
        state: present
      loop:
        - ipset
        - ipvsadm
    - name: Load modules
      shell: |
        modprobe -- ip_vs
        modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
        modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
        modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
        modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
    - name: Check cfg
      shell:
        cmd: '[ $(lsmod | grep -e -ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4 | wc -l) -ge 2 ] && exit 0 || exit 3'

安装docker：k8s-docker-install.yaml

- name: step10_docker_install
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Install docker-ce
      yum:
        name: docker-ce-18.06.3.ce-3.el7
        state: present
    - name: Cfg docker
      copy:
        src: ./files_docker/daemon.json
        dest: /etc/docker/
    - name: Start docker
      systemd:
        name: docker.service
        state: started
        enabled: yes

    - name: Check docker version
      shell:
        cmd: docker --version

安装k8s组件[kubeadm\kubelet\kubectl]：k8s-install-kubepkgs.yaml

- name: step11_k8s_install_kubepkgs
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:

    - name: Install k8s components
      yum:
        name: "{{ item }}"
        state: present
      loop:
        - kubeadm-1.17.4-0
        - kubelet-1.17.4-0
        - kubectl-1.17.4-0
    - name: Cfg k8s
      copy:
        src: ./files_k8s/kubelet
        dest: /etc/sysconfig/
        force: no
        backup: yes
    - name: Start kubelet
      systemd:
        name: kubelet.service
        state: started
        enabled: yes

安装集群镜像：k8s-apps-images.yaml

- name: step12_apps_images
  hosts: k8s_cluster
  gather_facts: no

  vars:
    apps:
      - kube-apiserver:v1.17.4
      - kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4
      - kube-scheduler:v1.17.4
      - kube-proxy:v1.17.4
      - pause:3.1
      - etcd:3.4.3-0
      - coredns:1.6.5
  vars_prompt:
      - name: cfg_python
        prompt: Do you need to install docker pkg for python(Yes/No)?
        default: "no"
        private: no
  tasks:
    - block:
        - name: Install python-pip
          yum:
            name: python-pip
            state: present
        - name: Install docker pkg for python
          shell:
            cmd: |
              pip install docker==4.4.4
              pip install websocket-client==0.32.0
            creates: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/docker/
      when: cfg_python | bool
    - name: Pull images
      community.docker.docker_image:
        name: "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/{{ item }}"
        source: pull
      loop: "{{ apps }}"
    - name: Tag images
        repository: "k8s.gcr.io/{{ item }}"
        force_tag: yes
        source: local
    - name: Remove images for ali
        state: absent

执行：

$ ansible-playbook k8s-apps-images.yaml
Do you need to install docker pkg for python(Yes/No)? [no]:

PLAY [step12_apps_images] *******************************************************************************************************
TASK [Install python-pip] *******************************************************************************************************
skipping: [node1]
skipping: [master]
skipping: [node2]
TASK [Install docker pkg for python] ********************************************************************************************
TASK [Pull images] **************************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
changed: [node2] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
changed: [master] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
changed: [master] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
changed: [master] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
changed: [node2] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
changed: [master] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=pause:3.1)
changed: [master] => (item=pause:3.1)
changed: [node2] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
changed: [master] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
changed: [node2] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
changed: [node1] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
changed: [master] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
changed: [node2] => (item=pause:3.1)
changed: [node2] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
changed: [node2] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
TASK [Tag images] ***************************************************************************************************************
ok: [node1] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
ok: [master] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
ok: [node2] => (item=kube-apiserver:v1.17.4)
ok: [node1] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
ok: [master] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
ok: [node2] => (item=kube-controller-manager:v1.17.4)
ok: [master] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
ok: [node1] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
ok: [node2] => (item=kube-scheduler:v1.17.4)
ok: [master] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
ok: [node1] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
ok: [node2] => (item=kube-proxy:v1.17.4)
ok: [master] => (item=pause:3.1)
ok: [node1] => (item=pause:3.1)
ok: [node2] => (item=pause:3.1)
ok: [master] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
ok: [node1] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
ok: [node2] => (item=etcd:3.4.3-0)
ok: [master] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
ok: [node1] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
ok: [node2] => (item=coredns:1.6.5)
TASK [Remove images for ali] ****************************************************************************************************
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************
master                     : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0
node1                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0
node2                      : ok=3    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=2    rescued=0    ignored=0

k8s集群初始化：k8s-cluster-init.yaml

- name: step13_cluster_init
  hosts: master
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - block:
        - name: Kubeadm init
          shell:
            cmd:
              kubeadm init
              --apiserver-advertise-address={{ ansible_host }}
              --kubernetes-version=v1.17.4
              --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12
              --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
              --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers

        - name: Create /root/.kube
          file:
            path: /root/.kube/
            state: directory
            owner: root
            group: root
        - name: Copy /root/.kube/config
          copy:
            src: /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
            dest: /root/.kube/config
            remote_src: yes
            backup: yes
        - name: Copy kube-flannel
            src: ./files_k8s/kube-flannel.yml
            dest: /root/
        - name: Apply kube-flannel
            cmd: kubectl apply -f /root/kube-flannel.yml
        - name: Get token
            cmd: kubeadm token create --print-join-command
          register: join_token
        - name: debug join_token
          debug:
            var: join_token.stdout

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