Java如何使用HTTPclient访问url获得数据

2024-07-31 04:27:37

使用HTTPclient访问url获得数据

最近项目上有个小功能需要调用第三方的http接口取数据，用到了HTTPclient，算是做个笔记吧！

1、使用get方法取得数据

/**
 * 根据URL试用get方法取得返回的数据
 * @param url
 *        URL地址，参数直接挂在URL后面即可
 * @return
 */
public static String getGetDateByUrl(String url){
    String data = null;
    //构造HttpClient的实例
    HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
    //创建GET方法的实例
    GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);
    //设置头信息：如果不设置User-Agent可能会报405，导致取不到数据
    getMethod.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0");
    //使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略
    getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
    try{
        //开始执行getMethod
        int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
        if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            System.err.println("Method failed:" + getMethod.getStatusLine());
        }
        //读取内容
        byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();
        //处理内容
        data = new String(responseBody);
    }catch (HttpException e){
        //发生异常，可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题
        System.out.println("Please check your provided http address!");
        data = "";
        e.printStackTrace();
    }catch(IOException e){
        //发生网络异常
        data = "";
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        //释放连接
        getMethod.releaseConnection();
    }
    return data;
}

2、使用POST方法取得数据

/**
 * 根据post方法取得返回数据
 * @param url
 *          URL地址
 * @param array
 *          需要以post形式提交的参数
 * @return
 */
public static String getPostDateByUrl(String url,Map<String ,String> array){
    String data = null;
    //构造HttpClient的实例
    HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
    //创建post方法的实例
    PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
    //设置头信息
    postMethod.setRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:39.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/39.0");
    postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");
    //遍历设置要提交的参数
    Iterator it = array.entrySet().iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()){
        Map.Entry<String,String> entry =(Map.Entry) it.next();
        String key = entry.getKey();
        String value = entry.getValue().trim();
        postMethod.setParameter(key,value);
    }
    //使用系统提供的默认的恢复策略
    postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
    try{
        //执行postMethod
        int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
        if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            System.err.println("Method failed:" + postMethod.getStatusLine());
        }
        //读取内容
        byte[] responseBody = postMethod.getResponseBody();
        //处理内容
        data = new String(responseBody);
    }catch (HttpException e){
        //发生致命的异常，可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题
        System.out.println("Please check your provided http address!");
        data = "";
        e.printStackTrace();
    }catch(IOException e){
        //发生网络异常
        data = "";
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
        //释放连接
        postMethod.releaseConnection();
    }
    System.out.println(data);
    return data;
}

使用httpclient后台调用url方式

使用httpclient调用后台的时候接收url类型的参数需要使用UrlDecoder解码，调用的时候需要对参数使用UrlEncoder对参数进行编码，然后调用。

@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
	@RequestMapping(value = "/wechatSigns", produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
	@ResponseBody
	public String wechatSigns(HttpServletRequest request, String p6, String p13) {
		Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>();
		try {
			System.out.println("*****************************************p6:"+p6);
			URLDecoder.decode(p13);
			System.out.println("*****************************************p13:"+p13);
			String p10 = "{\"p1\":\"1\",\"p2\":\"\",\"p6\":\"" + p6 + "\",\"p13\":\"" + p13 + "\"}";
			p10 = URLEncoder.encode(p10, "utf-8");
			String url = WebserviceUtil.getGetSignatureUrl() + "?p10=" + p10;
			String result = WebConnectionUtil.sendGetRequest(url);
			JSONObject fromObject = JSONObject.fromObject(URLDecoder.decode(result, "utf-8"));
			System.out.println(fromObject);
			String resultCode = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.getString("meta")).getString("result");
			if ("0".equals(resultCode)) {
				JSONObject fromObject2 = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.get("data"));
				String timestamp = fromObject2.getString("timestamp");
				String appId = fromObject2.getString("appId");
				String nonceStr = fromObject2.getString("nonceStr");
				String signature = fromObject2.getString("signature");
				ret.put("timestamp", timestamp);
				ret.put("appId", appId);
				ret.put("nonceStr", nonceStr);
				ret.put("signature", signature);
				JSONObject jo = JSONObject.fromObject(ret);
				return ResultJsonBean.success(jo.toString());
			} else {
				String resultMsg = JSONObject.fromObject(fromObject.getString("meta")).getString("errMsg");
				return ResultJsonBean.fail(ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATTOCKEN_CODE, resultMsg, "");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.error(e, e);
			return ResultJsonBean.fail(ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATREQERROE_CODE,
					ConnectOauthCodeInfo.REQ_WECHATREQERROE_CODE, "");
		}
	}

<pre name="code" class="java">package com.dcits.djk.core.util;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class WebConnectionUtil {
	public static String sendPostRequest(String url,Map paramMap,String userId){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
			List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
			if(userId != null || "".equals(userId) ){
				formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("userId",userId));
			}
			Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet();
			for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){
				Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next();
				Object key=me.getKey();
				Object valueObj=me.getValue();
				String[] value=new String[1];
				if(valueObj == null){
					value[0] = "";
				}else{
					if(valueObj instanceof String[]){
			            value=(String[])valueObj;
			        }else{
			            value[0]=valueObj.toString();
			        }
				}
				for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){
					formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k])));
		        }
			}
			UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
			httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);

			response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}

	public static String sendPostRequest(String url,Map paramMap){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;

		try{
			httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
			List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
			Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet();
			for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){
				Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next();
				Object key=me.getKey();
				Object valueObj=me.getValue();
				String[] value=new String[1];
				if(valueObj == null){
					value[0] = "";
				}else{
					if(valueObj instanceof String[]){
			            value=(String[])valueObj;
			        }else{
			            value[0]=valueObj.toString();
			        }
				}
				for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){
					formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k])));
		        }
			}
			UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
			httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);

			response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}	

	public static String downloadFileToImgService(String remoteUtl,String imgUrl,String tempUrl){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclientRemote=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse responseRemote=null;
		CloseableHttpClient httpclientImg=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse responseImg=null;
		try{
			httpclientRemote = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpGet httpgetRemote = new HttpGet(remoteUtl);

			responseRemote = httpclientRemote.execute(httpgetRemote);
			if(responseRemote.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){
				return "";
			}
			HttpEntity resEntityRemote = responseRemote.getEntity();
			InputStream isRemote = resEntityRemote.getContent();
			//写入文件
			File file = null;

			boolean isDownSuccess = true;
			BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
			try{
				BufferedInputStream bif = new BufferedInputStream(isRemote);
				byte bf[] = new byte[28];
				bif.read(bf);
				String suffix = FileTypeUtil.getSuffix(bf);
				file = new File(tempUrl + "/" + UuidUtil.get32Uuid()+suffix);
				bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
				if(!file.exists()){
					file.createNewFile();
				}
				bos.write(bf, 0, 28);
				byte b[] = new byte[1024*3];
				int len = 0;
				while((len=bif.read(b)) != -1){
					bos.write(b, 0, len);
				}
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
				isDownSuccess = false;
			}finally{
				try {
					if(bos != null){
						bos.close();
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if(!isDownSuccess){
				return "";
			}

			httpclientImg = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpPost httpPostImg = new HttpPost(imgUrl);
			MultipartEntityBuilder requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
			requestEntity.addBinaryBody("userFile", file);

			HttpEntity httprequestImgEntity = requestEntity.build();
			httpPostImg.setEntity(httprequestImgEntity);
			responseImg = httpclientImg.execute(httpPostImg);
			if(responseImg.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){
				return "";
			}
			HttpEntity entity = responseImg.getEntity();
			String json = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
			json = json.replaceAll("\"","");
			String[] jsonMap = json.split(",");
			String resultInfo = "";
			for(int i = 0;i < jsonMap.length;i++){
				String str = jsonMap[i];
				if(str.startsWith("url:")){
					resultInfo = str.substring(4);
				}else if(str.startsWith("{url:")){
					resultInfo = str.substring(5);
				}
			}
			if(resultInfo.endsWith("}")){
				resultInfo = resultInfo.substring(0,resultInfo.length()-1);
			}
			try{
				if(file != null){
					file.delete();
				}
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return resultInfo;
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclientRemote != null){
					httpclientRemote.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(responseRemote != null){
					responseRemote.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(httpclientImg != null){
					httpclientImg.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(responseImg != null){
					responseImg.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "";
	}

	public static String downloadFileToImgService(File file,String imgUrl){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclientImg=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse responseImg=null;
		try{
			httpclientImg = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpPost httpPostImg = new HttpPost(imgUrl);
			MultipartEntityBuilder requestEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
			requestEntity.addBinaryBody("userFile", file);

			HttpEntity httprequestImgEntity = requestEntity.build();
			httpPostImg.setEntity(httprequestImgEntity);
			responseImg = httpclientImg.execute(httpPostImg);
			if(responseImg.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200){
				return "";
			}
			HttpEntity entity = responseImg.getEntity();
			String json = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
			json = json.replaceAll("\"","");
			String[] jsonMap = json.split(",");
			String resultInfo = "";
			for(int i = 0;i < jsonMap.length;i++){
				String str = jsonMap[i];
				if(str.startsWith("url:")){
					resultInfo = str.substring(4);
				}else if(str.startsWith("{url:")){
					resultInfo = str.substring(5);
				}
			}
			if(resultInfo.endsWith("}")){
				resultInfo = resultInfo.substring(0,resultInfo.length()-1);
			}
			return resultInfo;
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclientImg != null){
					httpclientImg.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(responseImg != null){
					responseImg.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "";
	}

	public static String sendGetRequest(String url){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);

			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}

	public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStream(String url,String param){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
			X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() {
				public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
					return null;
				}
			};
			TrustManager[] tm = {xtm};
			ctx.init(null,tm,null);
			HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){
				public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
					return true;
				}
			};
			httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build();
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			StringEntity strEntity = new StringEntity(param,"utf-8");
			httpPost.setEntity(strEntity);

 			response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}

	public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStream(String url,Map paramMap){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
			X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() {
				public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
					return null;
				}
			};
			TrustManager[] tm = {xtm};
			ctx.init(null,tm,null);
			HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){
				public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
					return true;
				}
			};
			httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build();
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
			Set keSet=paramMap.entrySet();
			for(Iterator itr=keSet.iterator();itr.hasNext();){
				Map.Entry me=(Map.Entry)itr.next();
				Object key=me.getKey();
				Object valueObj=me.getValue();
				String[] value=new String[1];
				if(valueObj == null){
					value[0] = "";
				}else{
					if(valueObj instanceof String[]){
			            value=(String[])valueObj;
			        }else{
			            value[0]=valueObj.toString();
			        }
				}
				for(int k=0;k<value.length;k++){
					formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key.toString(),StringUtil.filterSpecialChar(value[k])));
		        }
			}
			UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
			httpPost.setEntity(uefEntity);

 			response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}

	public static String sendHttpsGetRequestUseStream(String url){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
			X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() {
				public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
					return null;
				}
			};
			TrustManager[] tm = {xtm};
			ctx.init(null,tm,null);
			HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){
				public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
					return true;
				}
			};
			httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build();
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);

 			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}

	public static String sendHttpsPostRequestUseStreamForYZL(String url,OauthToken param){
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient=null;
		CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
		try{
			SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
			X509TrustManager xtm = new X509TrustManager() {
				public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

				}

				public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
					return null;
				}
			};
			TrustManager[] tm = {xtm};
			ctx.init(null,tm,null);
			HostnameVerifier hv = new HostnameVerifier(){
				public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
					return true;
				}
			};
			httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hv).setSSLContext(ctx).build();
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			StringEntity strEntity = new StringEntity(param.toString(),"utf-8");
			httpPost.setEntity(strEntity);
			httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

 			response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
				HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
				String resultInfo = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
				return resultInfo;
			}else{
				return response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() + "";
			}
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(httpclient != null){
					httpclient.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			try {
				if(response != null){
					response.close();
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return "404";
	}
}

以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。

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