Android App中使用ListFragment的实例教程

ListFragment继承于Fragment。因此它具有Fragment的特性，能够作为activity中的一部分，目的也是为了使页面设计更加灵活。
相比Fragment，ListFragment的内容是以列表(list)的形式显示的。ListFragment的布局默认包含一个ListView。因此，在ListFragment对应的布局文件中，必须指定一个 android:id 为 “@android:id/list” 的ListView控件!

ListFragment基础使用
下面介绍在Activity中显示ListFragment的步骤。

1. Activity对应的代码

public class FragmentTest extends Activity {
 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.main);
 }
}

2. Activity对应的布局

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="horizontal" >

 <fragment
  android:name="com.skw.fragmenttest.MyListFragment"
  android:id="@+id/myfragment"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

说明：该Activity的布局中只包行了一个Fragment。下面看看MyListFragment的内容。

3. MyListFragment的内容

public class MyListFragment extends ListFragment {
 private static final String TAG = "##MyListFragment##";

 private ListView selfList;

 String[] cities = {
   "Shenzhen",
   "Beijing",
   "Shanghai",
   "Guangzhou",
   "Wuhan",
   "Tianjing",
   "Changsha",
   "Xi'an",
   "Chongqing",
   "Guilin",
 };

 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
   Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");
  return inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_fragment, container, false);
 }

 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  // 设置ListFragment默认的ListView，即@id/android:list
  this.setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),
    android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, cities));

 }

 public void onListItemClick(ListView parent, View v,
   int position, long id) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onListItemClick");
  Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "You have selected " + cities[position],
    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }
}

说明：MyListFragment是自定义的ListFragment。它使用了list_fragment.xml作为布局，并通过android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1显示ListView中的每一项。

4. list_fragment.xml的内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical" >

 <!-- ListFragment对应的android:id值固定为"@id/android:list" -->
 <ListView
  android:id="@id/android:list"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"
  />

</LinearLayout>

"Activity的布局以及代码"和前面一样，这里就不再重复说明。

5. MyListFragment的内容

public class MyListFragment extends ListFragment {
 private static final String TAG = "##MyListFragment##";

 private ListView selfList;

 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
   Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");
  return inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_fragment, container, false);
 }

 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  final String[] from = new String[] {"title", "info"};
  final int[] to = new int[] {R.id.text1, R.id.text2};

  Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  // 建立SimpleAdapter，将from和to对应起来
  SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
    this.getActivity(), getSimpleData(),
    R.layout.item, from, to);
  this.setListAdapter(adapter);
 }

 public void onListItemClick(ListView parent, View v,
   int position, long id) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onListItemClick");
  Toast.makeText(getActivity(),
    "You have selected " + position,
    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }

 private List<Map<String, Object>> getSimpleData() {
  List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

  Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Ferris wheel");
  map.put("info", "Suzhou Ferris wheel");
  list.add(map);

  map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Flower");
  map.put("info", "Roser");
  list.add(map);

  map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Disk");
  map.put("info", "Song Disk");
  list.add(map);

  return list;
 }
}

说明：MyListFragment使用了R.layout.list_fragment作为布局，并且对于ListView中的每一项都使用了R.layout.item作为布局。

6. list_fragment.xml的内容

<!-- ListFragment对应的android:id值固定为"@id/android:list" -->
<ListView
    android:id="@id/android:list"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"
    />

7. item.xml的内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical" >

 <TextView android:id="@+id/text1"
  android:textSize="12sp"
  android:textStyle="bold"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

 <TextView android:id="@+id/text2"
  android:textSize="24sp"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

ListFragment实例
应用实例说明：建立一个activity，包括2个ListFragment。第1个ListFragment采用中ListView每一行的内容通过android自带的android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1布局来显示；第2个ListFragment每一行的内容通过自定义的layout文件来显示，每一行显示两个文本。

activity对应的layout文件代码：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="horizontal" >

 <fragment
  android:name="com.skywang.app.ListFragmentImpl"
  android:id="@+id/fragment1"
  android:layout_weight="1"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent" />

 <fragment
  android:name="com.skywang.app.ListFragmentSelf"
  android:id="@+id/fragment2"
  android:layout_weight="1"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

说明：
(01) 该layout布局包含两个fragment。
activity的代码：

package com.skywang.app;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.Menu;

public class ListFragmentTest extends Activity {

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.list_fragment_test);
 }
}

说明：
(01) 在 onCreateView()中，调用list_fragment_impl作为该ListFragment的布局文件。
(02) 在 onCreate()中，通过setListAdapter() 设置android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1为ListView每一行的布局文件，设置cities为其中数据的每一项内容。

ListFragmentImpl.java的代码：

package com.skywang.app;

import android.app.ListFragment;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ListFragmentImpl extends ListFragment{
 private static final String TAG = "ListFragmentImpl";

 private ListView selfList;

 String[] cities = {
   "Shenzhen",
   "Beijing",
   "Shanghai",
   "Guangzhou",
   "Wuhan",
   "Tianjing",
   "Changsha",
   "Xi'an",
   "Chongqing",
   "Guilin",
 };

 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
   Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");
  return inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_fragment_impl, container, false);
 }

 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  // 设置ListFragment默认的ListView，即@id/android:list
  this.setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),
    android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, cities));

 }

 public void onListItemClick(ListView parent, View v,
   int position, long id) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onListItemClick");
  Toast.makeText(getActivity(),
    "You have selected " + cities[position],
    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }
}

list_fragment_impl.xml的内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical" >

 <!-- ListFragment对应的android:id值固定为"@id/android:list" -->
 <ListView
  android:id="@id/android:list"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"
  />

</LinearLayout>

ListFragmentSelf.java的代码：

package com.skywang.app;

import android.app.ListFragment;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ListFragmentSelf extends ListFragment{
 private static final String TAG = "ListFragmentImpl";

 private ListView selfList;

 @Override
 public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
   Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView");
  return inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_fragment_self, container, false);
 }

 @Override
 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  final String[] from = new String[] {"title", "info"};
  final int[] to = new int[] {R.id.text1, R.id.text2};

  Log.d(TAG, "onCreate");
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  // 建立SimpleAdapter，将from和to对应起来
  SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
    this.getActivity(), getSimpleData(),
    R.layout.two_textview, from, to);
  this.setListAdapter(adapter);
 }

 public void onListItemClick(ListView parent, View v,
   int position, long id) {
  Log.d(TAG, "onListItemClick");
  Toast.makeText(getActivity(),
    "You have selected " + position,
    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }

 private List<Map<String, Object>> getSimpleData() {
  List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

  Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Ferris wheel");
  map.put("info", "Suzhou Ferris wheel");
  list.add(map);

  map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Flower");
  map.put("info", "Roser");
  list.add(map);

  map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  map.put("title", "Disk");
  map.put("info", "Song Disk");
  list.add(map);

  return list;
 }
}

说明：

(01) 在 onCreateView()中，调用list_fragment_self作为该ListFragment的布局文件。
(02) 在 onCreate()中，通过setListAdapter() 设置R.layout.two_textview为ListView每一行的布局文件。

list_fragment_self.xml的内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical" >

 <!-- ListFragment对应的android:id值固定为"@id/android:list" -->
 <ListView
  android:id="@id/android:list"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"
  />

</LinearLayout>

two_textview.xml的内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical" >

 <TextView android:id="@+id/text1"
  android:textSize="12sp"
  android:textStyle="bold"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

 <TextView android:id="@+id/text2"
  android:textSize="24sp"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

效果图：