Spring Boot缓存实战 EhCache示例

Spring boot默认使用的是SimpleCacheConfiguration，即使用ConcurrentMapCacheManager来实现缓存。但是要切换到其他缓存实现也很简单

pom文件

在pom中引入相应的jar包

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
    <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
  </dependency>

</dependencies>

配置文件

EhCache所需要的配置文件，只需要放到类路径下，Spring Boot会自动扫描。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache>
  <cache name="people" maxElementsInMemory="1000"/>
</ehcache>

也可以通过在application.properties文件中，通过配置来指定EhCache配置文件的位置，如：

spring.cache.ehcache.config= # ehcache配置文件地址

Spring Boot会自动为我们配置EhCacheCacheMannager的Bean。

关键Service

package com.xiaolyuh.service.impl;

import com.xiaolyuh.entity.Person;
import com.xiaolyuh.repository.PersonRepository;
import com.xiaolyuh.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachePut;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService {
  @Autowired
  PersonRepository personRepository;

  @Override
  @CachePut(value = "people", key = "#person.id")
  public Person save(Person person) {
    Person p = personRepository.save(person);
    System.out.println("为id、key为:" + p.getId() + "数据做了缓存");
    return p;
  }

  @Override
  @CacheEvict(value = "people")//2
  public void remove(Long id) {
    System.out.println("删除了id、key为" + id + "的数据缓存");
    //这里不做实际删除操作
  }

  @Override
  @Cacheable(value = "people", key = "#person.id")//3
  public Person findOne(Person person) {
    Person p = personRepository.findOne(person.getId());
    System.out.println("为id、key为:" + p.getId() + "数据做了缓存");
    return p;
  }
}

Controller

package com.xiaolyuh.controller;

import com.xiaolyuh.entity.Person;
import com.xiaolyuh.service.PersonService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class CacheController {

  @Autowired
  PersonService personService;

  @Autowired
  CacheManager cacheManager;

  @RequestMapping("/put")
  public long put(@RequestBody Person person) {
    Person p = personService.save(person);
    return p.getId();
  }

  @RequestMapping("/able")
  public Person cacheable(Person person) {
    System.out.println(cacheManager.toString());
    return personService.findOne(person);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/evit")
  public String evit(Long id) {

    personService.remove(id);
    return "ok";
  }

}

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching// 开启缓存，需要显示的指定
public class SpringBootStudentCacheApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringBootStudentCacheApplication.class, args);
  }
}

测试类

package com.xiaolyuh;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import net.minidev.json.JSONObject;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBootStudentCacheApplicationTests {

  @Test
  public void contextLoads() {
  }

  private MockMvc mockMvc; // 模拟MVC对象，通过MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build()初始化。

  @Autowired
  private WebApplicationContext wac; // 注入WebApplicationContext 

//  @Autowired
//  private MockHttpSession session;// 注入模拟的http session
//
//  @Autowired
//  private MockHttpServletRequest request;// 注入模拟的http request\ 

  @Before // 在测试开始前初始化工作
  public void setup() {
    this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
  }

  @Test
  public void testAble() throws Exception {
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
      MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/able").param("id", "2"))
          .andExpect(status().isOk())// 模拟向testRest发送get请求
          .andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))// 预期返回值的媒体类型text/plain;
          // charset=UTF-8
          .andReturn();// 返回执行请求的结果

      System.out.println(result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }
  }

}

打印日志

从上面可以看出第一次走的是数据库，第二次走的是缓存

源码：https://github.com/wyh-spring-ecosystem-student/spring-boot-student/tree/releases

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