Spring boot如何通过@Scheduled实现定时任务及多线程配置
这篇文章主要介绍了Spring boot如何通过@Scheduled实现定时任务及多线程配置,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
使用@Scheduled 可以很容易实现定时任务
spring boot的版本 2.1.6.RELEASE
package com.abc.demo.common; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; @EnableScheduling @Component public class ScheduleSetting { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Tasks.class); @Scheduled(fixedRate = 10000, initialDelay = 2000) public void scheduleRead() { try { long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Thread thread = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("cron1任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName()); long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp)); System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++"); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e.getMessage()); } } @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000, initialDelay = 1000) public void scheduleConvert() { try { long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Thread thread = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("cron2任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName()); try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp)); System.out.println("===================="); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e.getMessage()); } } }
运行输出内容为
cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:31:52, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:31:52,end=2019-10-11 17:32:02 ==================== cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:32:02, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1 cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:32:02,end=2019-10-11 17:32:02 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:32:22, threadId=34, threadName=scheduling-1 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:scheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:32:22,end=2019-10-11 17:32:32 ……
注:
cron2执行完后才会执行cron1
原因:
spring默认是以单线程执行任务调度
spring的定时任务默认最大运行线程数为1,多个任务执行起来时间会有问题
1.配置线程池
在配置文件application.properties中添加
# 线程池大小 spring.task.scheduling.pool.size=5 # 线程名前缀 spring.task.scheduling.thread-name-prefix=myScheduling-
输出内容变为
cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:48, threadId=34, threadName=myScheduling-1 cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:49, threadId=35, threadName=myScheduling-2 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:myScheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:48,end=2019-10-11 17:34:58 ==================== cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:34:58, threadId=34, threadName=myScheduling-1 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:myScheduling-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:58,end=2019-10-11 17:35:08 ==================== cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:35:08, threadId=57, threadName=myScheduling-3 cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:myScheduling-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:34:49,end=2019-10-11 17:34:49 ……
注:
多线程下,cron1和cron2不用互相等待了,但是同一个任务还是需要等待的
2.并发
修改代码
package com.abc.demo.common; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; @EnableScheduling @Component @EnableAsync public class ScheduleSetting { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Tasks.class); @Async @Scheduled(fixedRate = 10000, initialDelay = 2000) public void scheduleRead() { try { long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Thread thread = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("cron1任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName()); long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp)); System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++"); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e.getMessage()); } } @Async @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000, initialDelay = 1000) public void scheduleConvert() { try { long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); Thread thread = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("cron2任务开始,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ", threadId=" + thread.getId() + ", threadName=" + thread.getName()); try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } long endStamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:" + thread.getName() + " 结束,start=" + simpleDateFormat.format(timeStamp) + ",end=" + simpleDateFormat.format(endStamp)); System.out.println("===================="); } catch (Exception e) { logger.error(e.getMessage()); } } }
输出的内容
cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:53, threadId=57, threadName=task-1 cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:54, threadId=59, threadName=task-2 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:39:58, threadId=61, threadName=task-3 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:03, threadId=63, threadName=task-4 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:task-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:53,end=2019-10-11 17:40:03 ==================== cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:04, threadId=64, threadName=task-5 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:08, threadId=65, threadName=task-6 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:task-3 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:58,end=2019-10-11 17:40:08 ==================== cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:40:13, threadId=66, threadName=task-7 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:task-4 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:40:03,end=2019-10-11 17:40:13 ==================== cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:task-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:39:54,end=2019-10-11 17:39:54
说明:
- @EnableAsync开启多线程
- @Async标记其为一个异步任务
- 每个定时任务都是在通过不同的线程来处理,线程名的前缀成了task-
- 线程默认为10个
修改配置
spring.task.execution.thread-name-prefix=mytask- spring.task.execution.pool.core-size=5
重新运行的输出
cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:00, threadId=56, threadName=mytask-1 cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:01, threadId=57, threadName=mytask-2 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:05, threadId=58, threadName=mytask-3 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:10, threadId=59, threadName=mytask-4 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:mytask-1 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:00,end=2019-10-11 17:44:10 ==================== cron1任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:11, threadId=60, threadName=mytask-5 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:mytask-3 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:05,end=2019-10-11 17:44:15 ==================== cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:15, threadId=58, threadName=mytask-3 cron2任务开始,start=2019-10-11 17:44:20, threadId=56, threadName=mytask-1 cron2任务正在运行的线程名称:mytask-4 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:10,end=2019-10-11 17:44:20 ==================== cron1任务正在运行的线程名称:mytask-2 结束,start=2019-10-11 17:44:01,end=2019-10-11 17:44:01
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