C语言数据结构之动态分配实现串

C语言数据结构之动态分配实现串

说明：堆分配存储实现串时，串并不是以'\0‘， 而是用数据项int length来表示的，所以和传统的c语言操作字符串有所不同。

头文件

#ifndef PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED
#define PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct
{
  char* ch ;
  int len ;
}HString ;

int StrAssign( HString* pstr , char* pch ) ;
int StrLength( HString* pstr ) ;
int StrCompaer( HString* pstr1 , HString* pstr2 ) ;
int StrClear( HString* pstr ) ;
int StrConcat( HString* pstr , HString str1 , HString str2 ) ;
int StrSub( HString* sub , HString pstr , int pos , int length ) ;
int StrPrint( HString* pstr ) ;

#endif // PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED

函数实现

#include "pilehead.h"

int StrAssign( HString* pstr , char* pch )
{
  if( !pstr->len )
  {
    free( pstr->ch ) ;
  }
  int i ;
  for( i = 0 ; pch[i] != '\0' ; i++ )
  {
    ;
  }
  if( i == 0 )
  {
    pstr->ch = NULL ;
    pstr->len = 0 ;
  }
  else
  {
    pstr->ch = ( char* )malloc( i * sizeof( char ) ) ;
    pstr->len = i ;
  }
  i = 0 ;
  while( i < pstr->len )
  {
    pstr->ch[i] = pch[i] ;
    i++ ;
  }
  return 0 ;
}

int StrPrint( HString* pstr )
{
  int i = 0 ;
  while( i < pstr->len )
  {
    printf( "%c" , pstr->ch[i] ) ;
    i++ ;
  }
  printf( "\n" ) ;
  return 0 ;
}

int StrLength( HString* pstr )
{
  return pstr->len ;
}

int StrCompaer( HString* pstr1 , HString* pstr2 )
{
  int i = 0 ;
  int ret = 0 ;
  while( i < pstr1->len && i <pstr2->len )
  {
    ret = pstr1->ch[i] - pstr2->ch[i] ;
    if( ret < 0 )
    {
      return -1 ;
    }
    else if( ret > 0 )
    {
      return 1 ;
    }
    else
    {
      i++ ;
    }
  }
  int diff = pstr1->len - pstr2->len ;
  if( diff < 0 )
  {
    return -1 ;
  }
  else if( diff == 0 )
  {
    return 0 ;
  }
  return 1 ;
}

int StrClear( HString* pstr )
{
  if( pstr->ch )
  {
    free( pstr->ch ) ;
    pstr->ch = NULL ;
  }
  pstr->len = 0 ;
  return 0 ;
}

int StrConcat( HString* pstr , HString str1 , HString str2 )
{

  StrClear( pstr ) ;
  StrAssign( pstr , str1.ch ) ;
  int len = str1.len ;
  int len2 = 0 ;
  while( len2 < str2.len )
  {
    pstr->ch[len++] = str2.ch[len2++] ;
  }
  pstr->len = str1.len + str2.len ;
  return 0 ;
}

int StrSub( HString* sub , HString pstr , int pos , int length )
{
  if( pos < 1 || pos > pstr.len || length < 1 || length > pstr.len - pos + 1 )
  {
    printf( "ERROR!\n" ) ;
    exit( 1 ) ;
  }
  StrClear( sub ) ;
  sub->ch = ( char* )malloc( length * sizeof( char ) ) ;
  sub->len = length ;
  int i = 0 ;
  while( i < length )
  {
    sub->ch[i] = pstr.ch[pos - 1 + i] ;
    i++ ;
  }
  return 0 ;
}

测试函数

#include "pilehead.h"

int main()
{
  HString str ;
  HString str1 ;
  HString str2 ;
  char* pch = "abcd" ;
  StrAssign( &str , pch ) ;
  StrAssign( &str1 , "abcd" ) ;
  StrAssign( &str2 , "fhasdifhos" ) ;
  StrPrint( &str ) ;
  StrPrint( &str1 ) ;
  /*StrClear( &str ) ;
  StrPrint( &str ) ;
  int i = StrCompaer( &str , &str1 ) ;
  printf( "%d" , i ) ;*/
  StrConcat( &str , str1 , str2 ) ;
  StrPrint( &str ) ;
  HString s ;
  StrSub( &s ,str , 4 , 5 ) ;
  StrPrint( &s ) ;
  return 0;
}

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