Asp.Net Core中WebSocket绑定的方法详解

说明

Websocket是html5后的产物，对于asp.net core中也得到了支持，Asp.Net Core中WebScoket的操作使用基本上和Asp.net中相同，不同的是，绑定监听。

Asp.Net Core2.0默认已经支持WebSocket，不需要另外安装Nuget包。

通过对HttpContext中的WebSockets.AcceptWebSocketAsync方法，接受WebSocket请求；并返回WebScoket对象。

下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍吧。

一、示例1,

1.后台启动文件Startup的configure中绑定WebSocket的路由监听

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, IServiceProvider svp)
{
......
 //绑定WebSocket
 app.Map("/wsone/Connect", (con) =>
 {
  con.UseWebSockets();
  WSHanleTwo _two = new WSHanleTwo();
  con.Use(_two.Connect);
 });
} 

2.定义请求处理类

using System.Net.WebSockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Core_Razor_2
{
 public class WSHanleTwo
 {
  private WebSocket socket = null;
  //创建链接
  public async Task Connect(HttpContext context, Func<Task> n)
  {
   try
   {
    //执行接收
    WebSocket socket = await context.WebSockets.AcceptWebSocketAsync();
    this.socket = socket;
    //执行监听
    await EchoLoop();
   }
   catch (Exception ex)
   {
    throw ex;
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 响应处理
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  async Task EchoLoop()
  {
   var buffer = new byte[1024];
   var seg = new ArraySegment<byte>(buffer);
   while (this.socket.State == WebSocketState.Open)
   {
    var incoming = await this.socket.ReceiveAsync(seg, CancellationToken.None);
    byte[] backInfo = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetBytes("服务端相应内容");
    var outgoing = new ArraySegment<byte>(backInfo, 0, incoming.Count);
    await this.socket.SendAsync(outgoing, WebSocketMessageType.Text, true, CancellationToken.None);
   }
  }
 }
} 

3.前台请求代码

var socket;
//var uri = "ws://" + window.location.host + "/ws";
var uri = "ws://" + window.location.host + "@Url.Action("Connect")";
var output;
var text = "test echo";
function write(s) {
 var p = document.createElement("p");
 p.innerHTML = s;
 output.appendChild(p);
}
function doConnect() {
 socket = new WebSocket(uri);
 socket.onopen = function (e) { write("opened " + uri); doSend(); };
 socket.onclose = function (e) { write("closed"); };
 socket.onmessage = function (e) { write("Received: " + e.data); socket.close(); };
 socket.onerror = function (e) { write("Error: " + e.data); };
}
function doSend() {
 write("Sending: " + text);
 socket.send(text);
}
function onInit() {
 output = document.getElementById("output");
 doConnect();
}
window.onload = onInit; 

二、为了简单绑定，可以这样封装

public class SocketHandler
{
 public const int BufferSize = 4096;
 WebSocket socket;
 SocketHandler(WebSocket socket)
 {
  this.socket = socket;
 }
 async Task EchoLoop()
 {
  var buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
  var seg = new ArraySegment<byte>(buffer);
  while (this.socket.State == WebSocketState.Open)
  {
   var incoming = await this.socket.ReceiveAsync(seg, CancellationToken.None);
   var outgoing = new ArraySegment<byte>(buffer, 0, incoming.Count);
   await this.socket.SendAsync(outgoing, WebSocketMessageType.Text, true, CancellationToken.None);
  }
 }
 static async Task Acceptor(HttpContext hc, Func<Task> n)
 {
  if (!hc.WebSockets.IsWebSocketRequest)
   return;
  var socket = await hc.WebSockets.AcceptWebSocketAsync();
  var h = new SocketHandler(socket);
  await h.EchoLoop();
 }
 /// <summary>
 /// 路由绑定处理
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="app"></param>
 public static void Map(IApplicationBuilder app)
 {
  app.UseWebSockets();
  app.Use(SocketHandler.Acceptor);
 }
} 

路由绑定：

[csharp] view plain copy
//绑定websocket
app.Map("/ws", SocketHandler.Map); 

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总结

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