Java实现调用MySQL存储过程详解

前言

存储过程（Stored Procedure）是存储在数据库中经过第一次编译后再次调用不需要再次编译，用户通过指定存储过程的名字并给出参数（如果该存储过程带有参数）来执行它。

Java调用MySQL的存储过程，需要用JDBC连接，环境eclipse

首先查看MySQL中的数据库的存储过程，接着编写代码调用

mysql> show procedure status;
+------+-------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name  | Type  | Definer  | Modified   | Created    | Security_type | Comment | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+------+-------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| book | findAllBook | PROCEDURE | root@localhost | 2016-09-04 11:13:31 | 2016-09-04 11:13:31 | DEFINER  |   | gbk     | gbk_chinese_ci  | utf8_general_ci |
| book | pro_test | PROCEDURE | root@localhost | 2016-11-13 08:27:17 | 2016-11-13 08:27:17 | DEFINER  |   | gbk     | gbk_chinese_ci  | utf8_general_ci |
| book | pro_user | PROCEDURE | root@localhost | 2016-11-13 08:44:34 | 2016-11-13 08:44:34 | DEFINER  |   | gbk     | gbk_chinese_ci  | utf8_general_ci |
+------+-------------+-----------+----------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show create procedure findAllBook;
+-------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Procedure | sql_mode    | Create Procedure                     | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+-------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| findAllBook | NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION | CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `findAllBook`()
begin
 select * from tb_books;
end | gbk     | gbk_chinese_ci  | utf8_general_ci |
+-------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

一、工程目录结构

二、Book.java

package com.scd.book;

public class Book {
 private String name; //图书名称
 private double price; //价格
 private int bookCount; //数量
 private String author; //作者

 public String getName()
 {
  //System.out.println(name);
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name)
 {
  this.name = name;
 }
 public double getPrice()
 {
  return price;

 }
 public void setPrice(double price)
 {
  this.price = price;
 }
 public int getBookCount()
 {
  return bookCount;
 }
 public void setBookCount(int bookCount)
 {
  this.bookCount = bookCount;
 }
 public String getAuthor()
 {
  return author;
 }
 public void setAuthor(String author)
 {
  //System.out.println(author);
  this.author = author;
 }

}

三、FindBook.java

package com.scd.book;

import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class FindBook {
 /**
  * 获取数据库连接
  * @return Connection对象
  */
 public Connection getConnection()
 {
  Connection conn = null; //数据库连接
  try
  {
   Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); //加载数据库驱动，注册到驱动管理器
   /*数据库链接地址*/
   String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/book?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
   String username = "root";
   String password = "123456";
   /*创建Connection链接*/
   conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password); 

  }
  catch (ClassNotFoundException e){

   e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return conn; //返回数据库连接

 }
 /**
  * 通过存储过程查询数据
  * @return List<Book>
  */
 public List<Book> findAll()
 {
  List <Book> list = new ArrayList<Book>(); //实例化List对象
  Connection conn = getConnection(); //创建数据库连接
  try
  {
   //调用存储过程
   CallableStatement cs = conn.prepareCall("{call findAllBook()}");
   ResultSet rs = cs.executeQuery(); //执行查询操作，并获取结果集
   while(rs.next())
   {
    Book book = new Book(); //实例化Book对象
    book.setName(rs.getString("name")); //对name属性赋值
    book.setPrice(rs.getDouble("price")); //对price属性赋值
    book.setBookCount(rs.getInt("bookCount")); //对bookCount属性赋值
    book.setAuthor(rs.getString("author")); //对author属性赋值
    list.add(book);
   }

  }catch(Exception e)
  {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return list;  //返回list
 }
 /**
  * 主函数 调用存储过程(测试使用)
  * @param args
  */
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  FindBook fb = new FindBook();
  //System.out.println(fb.findAll());
  for (Book book : fb.findAll())
  {
   System.out.print(book.getName() + "--" + book.getPrice() + "--");
   System.out.print(book.getBookCount() + "--" + book.getAuthor());
   System.out.println();
  }
 }
}

四、右键 Run As --> Java Application, 控制台输出

五、执行存储过程中的 sql语句

mysql> select * from tb_books;
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
| name    | price | bookCount | author |
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
| Java丛入门到精通 | 56.78 |  13 | Mr. Sun |
| 数据结构   | 67.3 |  8962 | Mr. Sun |
| 编译原理   | 78.66 |  5767 | Mr. Sun |
| 数据结构   | 67.42 |  775 | Mr.Cheng |
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> call findAllBook();
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
| name    | price | bookCount | author |
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
| Java丛入门到精通 | 56.78 |  13 | Mr. Sun |
| 数据结构   | 67.3 |  8962 | Mr. Sun |
| 编译原理   | 78.66 |  5767 | Mr. Sun |
| 数据结构   | 67.42 |  775 | Mr.Cheng |
+------------------+-------+-----------+----------+
rows in set (0.00 sec)

总结

以上就是Java调用MySQL存储过程的全部内容，希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助，如果有疑问大家可以留言交流。