javascript-hashchange事件和历史状态管理实例分析
本文实例讲述了javascript-hashchange事件和历史状态管理。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
hashchange事件
hashchange事件,可以监听URL参数(#后面的字符串)什么时候发生变化。
代码如下
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Document</title> <script src="EventUtil.js"></script> <script> EventUtil.addHandler(window, 'load', function () { var form = document.forms[0] var elements = form.elements var mybutton = elements['createBtn'] var div = document.getElementById('uuid') var data = {} EventUtil.addHandler(mybutton, 'click', function (event) { event = EventUtil.getEvent(event) var target = EventUtil.getTarget(event) var uuid = getUuid() var time = Date.now() // 删除所有子节点 while (div.hasChildNodes()) { div.removeChild(div.firstChild); } data[time] = uuid div.appendChild(document.createTextNode(uuid)) window.location.hash = time }) // 监听url的参数列表(url中#后面的所有字符串) EventUtil.addHandler(window, 'hashchange', function (event) { event = EventUtil.getEvent(event) // 删除所有子节点 while (div.hasChildNodes()) { div.removeChild(div.firstChild); } var text = data[window.location.hash.substring(1)] div.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text)) console.log(`旧url:${event.oldURL}\n新url:${event.newURL}\n当前hash:${location.hash}`) }) // 获取uuid function getUuid () { return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16 | 0 var v = c === 'x' ? r : (r & 0x3 | 0x8) return v.toString(16) }).replace(/-/g, '') } </script> </head> <body> <form action="" method="get"> <label for="mybutton">UUID:</label> <input id="mybutton" type="button" value="生成" autofocus name="createBtn"> </form> <div id="uuid"></div> </body> </html>
历史状态管理
状态管理API,能够在不加载新页面的情况下改变浏览器的URL。使用history.pushState()方法。
代码如下
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Document</title> <script src="EventUtil.js"></script> <script> EventUtil.addHandler(window, 'load', function () { var form = document.forms[0] var elements = form.elements var mybutton = elements['createBtn'] var div = document.getElementById('uuid') var data = {} EventUtil.addHandler(mybutton, 'click', function (event) { event = EventUtil.getEvent(event) var target = EventUtil.getTarget(event) var uuid = getUuid() var time = Date.now() // 删除所有子节点 while (div.hasChildNodes()) { div.removeChild(div.firstChild); } data[time] = uuid div.appendChild(document.createTextNode(uuid)) // 创建新的历史状态 history.pushState({name: time}, '', 'index.html') }) // 监听浏览器“后退”(返回上一页)事件 EventUtil.addHandler(window, 'popstate', function (event) { event = EventUtil.getEvent(event) var state = event.state if (state) { console.log(state) } }) }) // 获取uuid function getUuid () { return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16 | 0 var v = c === 'x' ? r : (r & 0x3 | 0x8) return v.toString(16) }).replace(/-/g, '') } </script> </head> <body> <form action="" method="get"> <label for="mybutton">UUID:</label> <input id="mybutton" type="button" value="生成" autofocus name="createBtn"> </form> <div id="uuid"></div> </body> </html>
注意
状态管理API只能在服务端调用!
感兴趣的朋友可以使用在线HTML/CSS/JavaScript代码运行工具:http://tools.jb51.net/code/HtmlJsRun测试上述代码运行效果。
更多关于JavaScript相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题:《JavaScript操作DOM技巧总结》、《JavaScript页面元素操作技巧总结》、《JavaScript事件相关操作与技巧大全》、《JavaScript查找算法技巧总结》、《JavaScript数据结构与算法技巧总结》、《JavaScript遍历算法与技巧总结》及《JavaScript错误与调试技巧总结》
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。
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