C++实现LeetCode(107.二叉树层序遍历之二)

[LeetCode] 107. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II 二叉树层序遍历之二

Given the root of a binary tree, return the bottom-up level order traversal of its nodes' values. (i.e., from left to right, level by level from leaf to root).

Example 1:

Input: root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
Output: [[15,7],[9,20],[3]]

Example 2:

Input: root = [1]
Output: [[1]]

Example 3:

Input: root = []
Output: []

Constraints:

  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 2000].
  • -1000 <= Node.val <= 1000

从底部层序遍历其实还是从顶部开始遍历，只不过最后存储的方式有所改变，可以参见博主之前的博文 Binary Tree Level Order Traversal， 参见代码如下：

解法一：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int> > levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
        if (!root) return {};
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        queue<TreeNode*> q{{root}};
        while (!q.empty()) {
            vector<int> oneLevel;
            for (int i = q.size(); i > 0; --i) {
                TreeNode *t = q.front(); q.pop();
                oneLevel.push_back(t->val);
                if (t->left) q.push(t->left);
                if (t->right) q.push(t->right);
            }
            res.insert(res.begin(), oneLevel);
        }
        return res;
    }
};

下面来看递归的解法，由于递归的特性，我们会一直深度优先去处理左子结点，那么势必会穿越不同的层，所以当要加入某个结点的时候，必须要知道当前的深度，所以使用一个变量 level 来标记当前的深度，初始化带入0，表示根结点所在的深度。由于需要返回的是一个二维数组 res，开始时由于不知道二叉树的深度，不知道有多少层，所以无法实现申请好二维数组的大小，只有在遍历的过程中不断的增加。那么什么时候该申请新的一层了呢，当 level 等于二维数组的大小的时候，为啥是等于呢，不是说要超过当前的深度么，这是因为 level 是从0开始的，就好比一个长度为n的数组A，你访问 A[n] 是会出错的，当 level 等于数组的长度时，就已经需要新申请一层了，新建一个空层，继续往里面加数字，参见代码如下：

解法二：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        levelorder(root, 0, res);
        return vector<vector<int>> (res.rbegin(), res.rend());
    }
    void levelorder(TreeNode* node, int level, vector<vector<int>>& res) {
        if (!node) return;
        if (res.size() == level) res.push_back({});
        res[level].push_back(node->val);
        if (node->left) levelorder(node->left, level + 1, res);
        if (node->right) levelorder(node->right, level + 1, res);
    }
};

Github 同步地址：

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/107

类似题目：

Average of Levels in Binary Tree

Binary Tree Zigzag Level Order Traversal

Binary Tree Level Order Traversal

类似题目：

https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal-ii/

https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal-ii/discuss/35089/Java-Solution.-Using-Queue

https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-level-order-traversal-ii/discuss/34981/My-DFS-and-BFS-java-solution

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