利用java和sqlserver建立简易图书管理系统的完整步骤

目录

• 1.所需功能：
• 2.流程：
• 3.环境及其语言：
• 4.数据库建立
• 5.操作：
• 数据库连接：sql.T3.Test1.java
• 选择需要的操作：sql.T3.Test1.java
• 1.游览所有图书
• 2.查找书籍
• 3.建立新图书
• 4借出图书
• 5. 归还图书删除某一图书
• 6.删除某一图书
• 释放连接: sql.T1.JDBCUtil.java
• 总结

1.所需功能：

游览所有图书、查找书籍、建立新图书，借出和归还图书，删除某一图书

2.流程：

数据库连接

• 选择需要的操作
• 释放连接

3.环境及其语言：

Idea，JDK13，驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server

4.数据库建立

• 数据库：sqlserver2019
• Database：library
• Table：Book
• Book：书籍编号，书籍名称，书籍作者，库存量
• 管理员名：sa
• 密码：123456

5.操作：

数据库连接：sql.T3.Test1.java

官网下载驱动包Microsoft JDBC Driver 8.2.2 for SQL Server并加载到程序中。

//注册驱动
	DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
//建立连接
String dbUL="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=Library";
String Name="sa";
String Paw="123456";
conn=DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL,Name,Paw);

选择需要的操作：sql.T3.Test1.java

1.游览所有图书

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    sql = "select * from Book";
    rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    while (rs.next()){
        int id = rs.getInt("id");
        String name = rs.getString("name");
        String aut = rs.getString("aut");
        int num = rs.getInt("num");
        System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
    }
}catch (SQLException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}

2.查找书籍

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;");
    b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
    f_l = true;
    switch (b_h2){
    case 1:
        System.out.println("输入书籍编号:");
        book_num = sc.nextInt();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num;
        break;
    case 2:
        System.out.println("输入书籍名称:");
        book_name = sc.next();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'";
        break;
    case 3:
        System.out.println("输入书籍作者:");
        author = sc.next();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'";
        break;
    case 4:
        f_l = false;
        break;
    }
    if (f_l){
        sql = sql1;
        rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
        while (rs.next()){
            int id = rs.getInt("id");
            String name = rs.getString("name");
            String aut = rs.getString("aut");
            int num = rs.getInt("num");
            System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
        }
    }
    else
        System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");
}catch (SQLException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}

3.建立新图书

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    System.out.println("书籍导入：请依次输入书籍的编号、书名、作者和导入数量:");
    book_id = sc.nextInt();
    book_name = sc.next();
    author = sc.next();
    book_num = sc.nextInt();
    sql1 = "insert into Book values(" + book_id + ",'" + book_name + "','" + author + "'," + book_num + ")";
    st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st);
}

4借出图书

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    System.out.println("查找方式:1.按编号查找;2.按书名查找;3.按作者查找;4.放弃操作;");
    b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
    f_l = true;
    switch (b_h2){
    case 1:
        System.out.println("输入书籍编号:");
        book_num = sc.nextInt();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where id=" + book_num;
        break;
    case 2:
        System.out.println("输入书籍名称:");
        book_name = sc.next();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where name='" + book_name + "'";
        break;
    case 3:
        System.out.println("输入书籍作者:");
        author = sc.next();
        sql1 = "select * from Book where id='" + author + "'";
        break;
    case 4:
        f_l = false;
        break;
    }
    if (f_l){
        sql = sql1;
        rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
        while (rs.next()){
            int id = rs.getInt("id");
            String name = rs.getString("name");
            String aut = rs.getString("aut");
            int num = rs.getInt("num");
            System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
            b_h = num;
            book_id = id;
        }
        System.out.println("确认借出:确认:1,取消:2");
        b_h2 = sc.nextInt();
        if (b_h2 == 1){
            if (b_h == 0)
                System.out.println("馆藏书目为0，无法借出");
            else{
                b_h--;
                sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id;
                st.executeUpdate(sql1);
            }
        }
        else
            System.out.println("你已取消操作");
    }
    else
        System.out.println("对象已放弃操作");
}catch (SQLException e)
{
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}

5. 归还图书删除某一图书

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    System.out.println("输入归还书id:");
    book_id = sc.nextInt();
    sql = "select * from Book where id=" + book_id;
    rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
    while (rs.next()){
        int id = rs.getInt("id");
        String name = rs.getString("name");
        String aut = rs.getString("aut");
        int num = rs.getInt("num");
        System.out.println("id=" + id + " name=" + name + " aut:" + aut + " num:" + num);
        b_h = num;
    }
    b_h++;
    sql1 = "UPDATE Book SET num=" + b_h + "WHERE id =" + book_id;
    st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}

6.删除某一图书

try{
    DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver());
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUL, Name, Paw);
    st = conn.createStatement();
    System.out.println("输入删除书id:");
    book_id = sc.nextInt();
    sql1 = "delete from Book where id=" + book_id;
    st.executeUpdate(sql1);
}catch (SQLException e){
    e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
    JDBCUtil.release(conn, st, rs);
}

释放连接: sql.T1.JDBCUtil.java

public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st, ResultSet rs)//当rs不为空时
{
    closeRs(rs);
    closeSt(st);
    closeConn(conn);
}

public static void release(Connection conn, Statement st)// 当rs为空时
{
    closeSt(st);
    closeConn(conn);
}

6.运行结果演示

sqlserver中的部分数据：

idea中的演示结果：

显示书籍：

查找书籍及借出：

归还书籍及删除书籍：

总结

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