iOS开发之微信聊天工具栏的封装

微信大家基本上都用过，今天要做的就是微信的聊天工具条。聊天工具条还是比较复杂的，其中包括发送表情，发送文字，发送图片，发送声音，拍照等等功能，下面给出发送录音，文字，表情的代码，其他的和这几样类似。还是那句话百字不如一图，先来几张效果图吧。

在封装聊天工具条的的时候表情键盘是之前封装好的，所以拿过来就可以用的啦。因为不管是工具条还是表情键盘都是用约束来控件大小的，所以横屏也是没问题的，在大屏手机上也是没问题的。下面将会一步步讲解如何封装下面的聊天工具条。主要是对工具条的封装，表情键盘在这就不做讲解了。
一、ToolView预留的接口
在封装ToolView中主要用到Block回调，读者可以根据自己的个人习惯来选择是Block回调，还是委托回调或者是目标动作回调（笔者更喜欢Block回调）,下面的代码是ToolView给调用者提供的接口

//
// ToolView.h
// MecroMessage
//
// Created by （青玉伏案）on 14-9-22.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 Mrli. All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

//定义block类型把ToolView中TextView中的文字传入到Controller中
typedef void (^MyTextBlock) (NSString *myText);

//录音时的音量
typedef void (^AudioVolumeBlock) (CGFloat volume);

//录音存储地址
typedef void (^AudioURLBlock) (NSURL *audioURL);

//改变根据文字改变TextView的高度
typedef void (^ContentSizeBlock)(CGSize contentSize);

//录音取消的回调
typedef void (^CancelRecordBlock)(int flag);

@interface ToolView : UIView<UITextViewDelegate,AVAudioRecorderDelegate>

//设置MyTextBlock
-(void) setMyTextBlock:(MyTextBlock)block;

//设置声音回调
-(void) setAudioVolumeBlock:(AudioVolumeBlock) block;

//设置录音地址回调
-(void) setAudioURLBlock:(AudioURLBlock) block;

-(void)setContentSizeBlock:(ContentSizeBlock) block;

-(void)setCancelRecordBlock:(CancelRecordBlock)block;

-(void) changeFunctionHeight: (float) height;

@end

二、初始化ToolView中所需的控件
1.为了更好的封装我们的组件，在.h中预留接口，在ToolView.m的延展中添加我们要使用的组件（私有属性），延展代码如下：

@interface ToolView()
//最左边发送语音的按钮
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *voiceChangeButton;

//发送语音的按钮
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *sendVoiceButton;

//文本视图
@property (nonatomic, strong) UITextView *sendTextView;

//切换键盘
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *changeKeyBoardButton;

//More
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *moreButton;

//键盘坐标系的转换
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGRect endKeyBoardFrame;

//表情键盘
@property (nonatomic, strong) FunctionView *functionView;

//more
@property (nonatomic, strong) MoreView *moreView;

//数据model
@property (strong, nonatomic) ImageModelClass *imageMode;

@property (strong, nonatomic)HistoryImage *tempImage;

//传输文字的block回调
@property (strong, nonatomic) MyTextBlock textBlock;

//contentsinz
@property (strong, nonatomic) ContentSizeBlock sizeBlock;

//传输volome的block回调
@property (strong, nonatomic) AudioVolumeBlock volumeBlock;

//传输录音地址
@property (strong, nonatomic) AudioURLBlock urlBlock;

//录音取消
@property (strong, nonatomic) CancelRecordBlock cancelBlock;

//添加录音功能的属性
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVAudioRecorder *audioRecorder;

@property (strong, nonatomic) NSTimer *timer;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSURL *audioPlayURL;

@end

2.接受相应的Block回调,把block传入ToolView中，代码如下：　　

-(void)setMyTextBlock:(MyTextBlock)block
{
 self.textBlock = block;
}

-(void)setAudioVolumeBlock:(AudioVolumeBlock)block
{
 self.volumeBlock = block;
}

-(void)setAudioURLBlock:(AudioURLBlock)block
{
 self.urlBlock = block;
}

-(void)setContentSizeBlock:(ContentSizeBlock)block
{
 self.sizeBlock = block;
}

-(void)setCancelRecordBlock:(CancelRecordBlock)block
{
 self.cancelBlock = block;
}

3.控件的初始化，纯代码添加ToolView中要用到的组件（分配内存，配置相应的属性），因为是自定义组件的封装，所以我们的storyboard就用不上啦，添加控件的代码如下：

//控件的初始化
-(void) addSubview
{
 self.voiceChangeButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
 [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 [self.voiceChangeButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapVoiceChangeButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
 [self addSubview:self.voiceChangeButton];

 self.sendVoiceButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
 [self.sendVoiceButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_textfield.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 [self.sendVoiceButton setTitle:@"按住说话" forState:UIControlStateNormal];

 [self.sendVoiceButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapSendVoiceButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
 self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
 [self addSubview:self.sendVoiceButton];

 self.sendTextView = [[UITextView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
 self.sendTextView.delegate = self;
 [self addSubview:self.sendTextView];

 self.changeKeyBoardButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
 [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 [self.changeKeyBoardButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapChangeKeyBoardButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
 [self addSubview:self.changeKeyBoardButton];

 self.moreButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero];
 [self.moreButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_up_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
 [self.moreButton addTarget:self action:@selector(tapMoreButton:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
 [self addSubview:self.moreButton];

 [self addDone];

 //实例化FunctionView
 self.functionView = [[FunctionView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 216)];
 self.functionView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];

 //设置资源加载的文件名
 self.functionView.plistFileName = @"emoticons";

 __weak __block ToolView *copy_self = self;
 //获取图片并显示
 [self.functionView setFunctionBlock:^(UIImage *image, NSString *imageText)
  {
   NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",copy_self.sendTextView.text, imageText];

   copy_self.sendTextView.text = str;

   //把使用过的图片存入sqlite
   NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image);
   [copy_self.imageMode save:imageData ImageText:imageText];
  }];

 //给sendTextView添加轻击手势
 UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapGesture:)];
 [self.sendTextView addGestureRecognizer:tapGesture];

 //给sendVoiceButton添加长按手势
 UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(sendVoiceButtonLongPress:)];
 //设置长按时间
 longPress.minimumPressDuration = 0.2;
 [self.sendVoiceButton addGestureRecognizer:longPress];

 //实例化MoreView
 self.moreView = [[MoreView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 0, 0)];
 self.moreView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
 [self.moreView setMoreBlock:^(NSInteger index) {
  NSLog(@"MoreIndex = %d",(int)index);
 }];

}

4.给我们的控件添加相应的约束，为了适合不同的屏幕，所以自动布局是少不了的。当然啦给控件添加约束也必须是手写代码啦，添加约束的代码如下：

//给控件加约束
-(void)addConstraint
{
 //给voicebutton添加约束
 self.voiceChangeButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;

 NSArray *voiceConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-5-[_voiceChangeButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_voiceChangeButton)];
 [self addConstraints:voiceConstraintH];

 NSArray *voiceConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-8-[_voiceChangeButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_voiceChangeButton)];
 [self addConstraints:voiceConstraintV];

 //给MoreButton添加约束
 self.moreButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;

 NSArray *moreButtonH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:[_moreButton(30)]-5-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_moreButton)];
 [self addConstraints:moreButtonH];

 NSArray *moreButtonV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-8-[_moreButton(30)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_moreButton)];
 [self addConstraints:moreButtonV];

 //给changeKeyBoardButton添加约束
 self.changeKeyBoardButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;

 NSArray *changeKeyBoardButtonH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:[_changeKeyBoardButton(33)]-43-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_changeKeyBoardButton)];
 [self addConstraints:changeKeyBoardButtonH];

 NSArray *changeKeyBoardButtonV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-5-[_changeKeyBoardButton(33)]" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_changeKeyBoardButton)];
 [self addConstraints:changeKeyBoardButtonV];

 //给文本框添加约束
 self.sendTextView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
 NSArray *sendTextViewConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-45-[_sendTextView]-80-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendTextView)];
 [self addConstraints:sendTextViewConstraintH];

 NSArray *sendTextViewConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-10-[_sendTextView]-10-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendTextView)];
 [self addConstraints:sendTextViewConstraintV];

 //语音发送按钮
 self.sendVoiceButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
 NSArray *sendVoiceButtonConstraintH = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-50-[_sendVoiceButton]-90-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendVoiceButton)];
 [self addConstraints:sendVoiceButtonConstraintH];

 NSArray *sendVoiceButtonConstraintV = [NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-6-[_sendVoiceButton]-6-|" options:0 metrics:0 views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_sendVoiceButton)];
 [self addConstraints:sendVoiceButtonConstraintV];

}

5.因为我们要发送录音，所以对音频部分的初始化是少不了的，以下代码是对音频的初始化

//录音部分初始化
-(void)audioInit
{
 NSError * err = nil;

 AVAudioSession *audioSession = [AVAudioSession sharedInstance];
 [audioSession setCategory :AVAudioSessionCategoryPlayAndRecord error:&err];

 if(err){
  NSLog(@"audioSession: %@ %d %@", [err domain], [err code], [[err userInfo] description]);
  return;
 }

 [audioSession setActive:YES error:&err];

 err = nil;
 if(err){
  NSLog(@"audioSession: %@ %d %@", [err domain], [err code], [[err userInfo] description]);
  return;
 }

 //通过可变字典进行配置项的加载
 NSMutableDictionary *setAudioDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

 //设置录音格式(aac格式)
 [setAudioDic setValue:@(kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC) forKey:AVFormatIDKey];

 //设置录音采样率(Hz) 如：AVSampleRateKey==8000/44100/96000（影响音频的质量）
 [setAudioDic setValue:@(44100) forKey:AVSampleRateKey];

 //设置录音通道数1 Or 2
 [setAudioDic setValue:@(1) forKey:AVNumberOfChannelsKey];

 //线性采样位数 8、16、24、32
 [setAudioDic setValue:@16 forKey:AVLinearPCMBitDepthKey];
 //录音的质量
 [setAudioDic setValue:@(AVAudioQualityHigh) forKey:AVEncoderAudioQualityKey];

 NSString *strUrl = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];

 NSString *fileName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld", (long)[[NSDate date] timeIntervalSince1970]];

 NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.aac", strUrl, fileName]];
 _audioPlayURL = url;

 NSError *error;
 //初始化
 self.audioRecorder = [[AVAudioRecorder alloc]initWithURL:url settings:setAudioDic error:&error];
 //开启音量检测
 self.audioRecorder.meteringEnabled = YES;
 self.audioRecorder.delegate = self;

}

6.添加键盘回收键Done

//给键盘添加done键
-(void) addDone
{
 //TextView的键盘定制回收按钮
  UIToolbar * toolBar = [[UIToolbar alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 30)];

 UIBarButtonItem * item1 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self action:@selector(tapDone:)];
 UIBarButtonItem * item2 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target:nil action:nil];
  UIBarButtonItem * item3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target:nil action:nil];
 toolBar.items = @[item2,item1,item3];

  self.sendTextView.inputAccessoryView =toolBar;
}

三.编写控件的回调方法
控件添加好以后下面要添加触发控件要干的事情：
1.从最复杂的开始，长按发送录音的按钮时，会录音。松开收时会发送（在发送时要判断音频的时间，太小不允许发送）。录音时上滑取消录音（删除录音文件）。主要是给录音按钮加了一个LongPress手势，根据手势的状态来做不同的事情。关于手势的内容请参考之前的博客：（iOS开发之手势识别），下面是录音业务逻辑的实现(个人在Coding的时候，感觉这一块是工具条中最复杂的部分)，代码如下：　　

//长按手势触发的方法
-(void)sendVoiceButtonLongPress:(id)sender
{
 static int i = 1;
 if ([sender isKindOfClass:[UILongPressGestureRecognizer class]]) {

  UILongPressGestureRecognizer * longPress = sender;

  //录音开始
  if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan)
  {

   i = 1;

   [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
   //录音初始化
   [self audioInit];

   //创建录音文件，准备录音
   if ([self.audioRecorder prepareToRecord])
   {
    //开始
    [self.audioRecorder record];

    //设置定时检测音量变化
    _timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(detectionVoice) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
   }
  }

  //取消录音
  if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)
  {

   CGPoint piont = [longPress locationInView:self];
   NSLog(@"%f",piont.y);

   if (piont.y < -20)
   {
    if (i == 1) {

     [self.sendVoiceButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_textfield.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
     [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
     //删除录制文件
     [self.audioRecorder deleteRecording];
     [self.audioRecorder stop];
     [_timer invalidate];

     UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"录音取消" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
     [alter show];
     //去除图片用的
     self.cancelBlock(1);
     i = 0;

    }

   }
   }

  if (longPress.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {
   if (i == 1)
   {
    NSLog(@"录音结束");
    [self.sendVoiceButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_textfield.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.sendVoiceButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

    double cTime = self.audioRecorder.currentTime;
    if (cTime > 1)
    {
     //如果录制时间<2 不发送
     NSLog(@"发出去");
     self.urlBlock(self.audioPlayURL);
    }
    else
    {
     //删除记录的文件
     [self.audioRecorder deleteRecording];
     UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"录音时间太短！" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
     [alter show];
     self.cancelBlock(1);

    }
    [self.audioRecorder stop];
    [_timer invalidate];
   }
  }

 }

}

2.下面的代码是检测音量的变化，用于根据音量变化图片，代码如下：

//录音的音量探测
- (void)detectionVoice
{
 [self.audioRecorder updateMeters];//刷新音量数据
 //获取音量的平均值 [recorder averagePowerForChannel:0];
 //音量的最大值 [recorder peakPowerForChannel:0];

 CGFloat lowPassResults = pow(10, (0.05 * [self.audioRecorder peakPowerForChannel:0]));

 //把声音的音量传给调用者
 self.volumeBlock(lowPassResults);
}

3.轻击输入框时，切换到系统键盘，代码如下：

//轻击sendText切换键盘
-(void)tapGesture:(UITapGestureRecognizer *) sender
{
 if ([self.sendTextView.inputView isEqual:self.functionView])
 {
  self.sendTextView.inputView = nil;

  [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

  [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
 }

 if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder])
 {
  [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
 }
}

4.通过输入框的文字多少改变toolView的高度，因为输入框的约束是加在ToolView上的，所以需要把输入框的ContentSize通过block传到ToolView的调用者上，让ToolView的父视图来改变ToolView的高度，从而sendTextView的高度也会随着改变的，下面的代码是把ContentSize交给父视图：代码如下：

//通过文字的多少改变toolView的高度
-(void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView
{
 CGSize contentSize = self.sendTextView.contentSize;

 self.sizeBlock(contentSize);
}

效果如下，文字多时TextView的高度也会增大：

5.点击最左边的按钮触发的事件（切换文本输入框和录音按钮），代码如下：

//切换声音按键和文字输入框
-(void)tapVoiceChangeButton:(UIButton *) sender
{

 if (self.sendVoiceButton.hidden == YES)
 {
  self.sendTextView.hidden = YES;
  self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = NO;
  [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_keyboard_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

  if ([self.sendTextView isFirstResponder]) {
   [self.sendTextView resignFirstResponder];
  }
 }
 else
 {
  self.sendTextView.hidden = NO;
  self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
  [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

  if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder]) {
   [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
  }
 }
}

6.点击return发送文字（通过Block回调传入到父视图上），代码如下：

//发送信息（点击return）
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text
{
 if ([text isEqualToString:@"\n"])
 {

  //通过block回调把text的值传递到Controller中共
  self.textBlock(self.sendTextView.text);

  self.sendTextView.text = @"";

  return NO;
 }
 return YES;
}

7.录音按钮本身要做的事情（在LongPress没有被触发时调用）代码如下：

//发送声音按钮回调的方法
-(void)tapSendVoiceButton:(UIButton *) sender
{
 NSLog(@"sendVoiceButton");
 //点击发送按钮没有触发长按手势要做的事儿
 UIAlertView *alter = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"按住录音" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"取消" otherButtonTitles: nil];
 [alter show];
}

8.调用表情键盘：

//变成表情键盘
-(void)tapChangeKeyBoardButton:(UIButton *) sender
{
 if ([self.sendTextView.inputView isEqual:self.functionView])
 {
  self.sendTextView.inputView = nil;

  [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_smile_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

  [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
 }
 else
 {
  self.sendTextView.inputView = self.functionView;

  [self.changeKeyBoardButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_keyboard_nor.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

  [self.sendTextView reloadInputViews];
 }

 if (![self.sendTextView isFirstResponder])
 {
  [self.sendTextView becomeFirstResponder];
 }

 if (self.sendTextView.hidden == YES) {
  self.sendTextView.hidden = NO;
  self.sendVoiceButton.hidden = YES;
  [self.voiceChangeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"chat_bottom_voice_press.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];

 }

}

以上就是ToolView的所有封装代码，至于在Controller中如何使用他来发送消息，如何定义聊天Cell,如何处理录音文件，聊天时的气泡是如何实现的等功能，在以后的文章中会继续讲解，希望大家继续关注。