C#读写xml文件方法总结(超详细!)
目录
- C#写入xml文件
- 1、XmlDocument
- 2、DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件
- 3、利用XmlSerializer来将类的属性值转换为XML文件的元素值。
- 示例:写入xml
- 1、创建xml文档
- 2 、增加节点
- 3 、修改节点:
- 4 、删除节点
- c#读取xml文件
- 总结
C#写入xml文件
1、XmlDocument
1。我认为是最原始,最基本的一种:利用XmlDocument向一个XML文件里写节点,然后再利用XmlDocument保存文件。
首先加载要写入的XML文件,但是如果没有的,就要新建,在新建的过程中,要有写入的代码;
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); try { doc.Load("new.xml"); } catch { XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("new.xml", Encoding.UTF8); //新建XML文件 xtw.WriteStartDocument(); xtw.WriteStartElement("gnode"); // gnode根节点 xtw.WriteStartElement("myxm1"); // gnode根节点下的元素myxmls xtw.WriteEndElement(); xtw.WriteEndElement(); xtw.WriteEndDocument(); xtw.Close(); doc.Load("new.xml"); } XmlNode xn = doc.DocumentElement; //找到根节点 XmlElement xe = doc.CreateElement("myxml2"); //在根节点下创建元素,如果是属性,则用XmlAttribute; xe.InnerText = "薪薪代码hahaha"; //给子节点写入文本节点(值) xn.AppendChild(xe); //根节点将其纳入 doc.Save("new2.xml"); //利用XmlDocument保存文件 }
注意点:在新建根节点的时候,WriteStartElement,只能嵌套,也就是只能有一个根节点。
2、DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件
应用到数据库,将数据库的DataSet对象里的值来生成XML文件的元素;
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Server=.;DataBase=HGSTUDY;uid=sa;pwd=yao")) { con.Open(); SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("select * from GL_STUDY", con); command.CommandType = CommandType.Text; DataSet ds = new DataSet("DATASET"); //DATASET将成为XML文件中的根节点名称,否则系统将其命名为NewDataSet SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(); sda.SelectCommand = command; sda.Fill(ds, "DATATABLE"); //DATATABLE为所生成XML文件中的子节点名称,否则系统将其命名为Table。 ds.WriteXml("dbxml.xml"); // DataSet的方法WriteXml将数据写入到XML文件,就是这么一句话。如果不保存到文件,直接ds.GetXML() }
3、利用XmlSerializer来将类的属性值转换为XML文件的元素值。
用一个字符串作为一个XML文档中的xmlAttribute或xmlElement。[其元素或属性由类的定义来设置(xml串行化)]
using System;System.xml.Serialization;
先初始化一个类,设置属性值
var xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); //Create the xml declaration first xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null)); //Create the root node and append into doc var el = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contacts"); xmlDoc.AppendChild(el); // Contact XmlElement elementContact = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Contact"); XmlAttribute attrID = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute("id"); attrID.Value = "01"; elementContact.Attributes.Append(attrID); el.AppendChild(elementContact); // Contact Name XmlElement elementName = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Name"); elementName.InnerText = "Daisy Abbey"; elementContact.AppendChild(elementName); // Contact Gender XmlElement elementGender = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Gender"); elementGender.InnerText = "female"; elementContact.AppendChild(elementGender); xmlDoc.Save("test1.xml");
建XmlSerializer实例
class XXX { XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(Type.GetType("forxml.truck")); Truck tr = new Truck(); tr.ID = 1; tr.cheID = "赣A T34923"; }
Serialize方法–完成对类的串行化
XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter("myxml.xml",Encoding.UTF8); 用XmlTextWriter 创建一个XML文件 ser.Serialize(xtw, tr); //如果只想显示,可以直接ser.Serialize(Console.Out, tr); }
xml常用方法:
定义xml文档:XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
初始化xml文档:xmlDoc.Load(“D:\book.xml”);//找到xml文件
创建根元素:XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“”, “Employees”, “”);
创建节点:XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement(“title”);
查找Employees节点:XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(“Employees”);
添加节点:xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);
更改节点的属性:xe.SetAttribute(“Name”, “李明明”);
移除xe的ID属性:xe.RemoveAttribute(“ID”);
删除节点title:xe.RemoveChild(xe2);
示例:写入xml
1、创建xml文档
public void CreateXMLDocument() { XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); //加入XML的声明段落,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> XmlDeclaration xmlDeclar; xmlDeclar = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "gb2312", null); xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlDeclar); //加入Employees根元素 XmlElement xmlElement = xmlDoc.CreateElement("", "Employees", ""); xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlElement); //添加节点 XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees"); XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node"); xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪代码"); xe1.SetAttribute("ISB", "2-3631-4"); //添加子节点 XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title"); xeSub1.InnerText = "学习VS"; xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1); XmlElement xeSub2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price"); xe1.AppendChild(xeSub2); XmlElement xeSub3 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("weight"); xeSub3.InnerText = "20"; xeSub2.AppendChild(xeSub3); root.AppendChild(xe1); xmlDoc.Save("D:\\book.xml");//保存的路径 }
生成的xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> -<Employees>- <Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪代码"> <title>学习VS</title>- <price> <weight>20</weight> </price> </Node> </Employees>
2 、增加节点
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument(); xmlDoc.Load("D:\\book.xml");//找到xml文件 XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找Employees节点 XmlElement xe1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Node2");//添加Node2节点 xe1.SetAttribute("Name", "张飞"); XmlElement xeSub1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");//定义子节点 xeSub1.InnerText = "心情好"; xe1.AppendChild(xeSub1);//添加节点到Node2 root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加节点到Employees xmlDoc.Save("D:\\book.xml");
结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> -<Employees> -<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪代码"> <title>学习VS</title>- <price> <weight>20</weight> </price> </Node>- <Node2 Name="张三"> <title>心情好</title> </Node2>- <Node2 Name="张三"> <title>心情好</title> </Node2> </Employees>
3 、修改节点:
public void ModifyNode() { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load("D:\\book.xml"); XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes;//获取Employees节点的所有子节点 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历 { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn; if (xe.GetAttribute("Name") == "薪薪代码") { xe.SetAttribute("Name", "薪薪");//更改节点的属性 XmlNodeList xnl = xe.ChildNodes;//获取xe的所有子节点 foreach (XmlNode xn1 in xnl) { XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//将节点xn1的属性转换为XmlElement if (xe2.Name == "title")//找到节点名字为title的节点 { xe2.InnerText = "今天天气不好"; } if (xe2.Name == "price") { XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe2.ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnl2) { if (xn2.Name == "weight") { xn2.InnerText = "88"; } } } } } } xmlDocument.Save("D:\\book2.xml"); }
运行结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> -<Employees> -<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪"> <title>今天天气不好</title>-<price> <weight>88</weight> </price> </Node> -<Node2 Name="张三"> <title>心情好</title> </Node2></Employees>
4 、删除节点
public void DeleteNode() { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load("D:\\book1.xml"); XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Employees").ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { if (xn.Name == "Node") { XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将xn的属性转换为XmlElement xe.RemoveAttribute("ID");//移除xe的ID属性 XmlNodeList xnl2 = xe.ChildNodes; for (int i = 0; i < xnl2.Count; i++) { XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xnl2.Item(i); if (xe2.Name == "title") { xe.RemoveChild(xe2);//删除节点title } } } } xmlDocument.Save("D:\\book3.xml"); }
结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?> -<Employees> -<Node ISB="2-3631-4" Name="薪薪">-<price> <weight>20</weight> </price> </Node>- <Node2 Name="张三"> <title>心情好</title> </Node2>- <Node2 Name="张三"> <title>心情好</title> </Node2> </Employees>
c#读取xml文件
xml文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configurationN> <ServerAddress>1143</ServerAddress> <ID>192.168</ID> </configurationN>
在写入xml文件时,最主要使用了两个方法:Load和Save。
Load:初始化xml文档,以便项目文件获取具体的xml节点的值。
public void Load(string path) { try { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load(path); XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress) { ServerAddress = xn.InnerText; } } } catch(Exception ex) { } }
Save:在项目系统中进行修改配置文件值后,需要对xml进行重新保存
public void Save(string path) { try { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load(path); XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress) { xn.InnerText = ServerAddress; } } xmlDocument.Save(path); } catch (Exception ex) { } }
此处将所有代码都贴出来,方便下次实现。因为项目是WPF文件,而且都是简单控件,所以只贴出后台代码。
class ConfigurationManager:INotifyPropertyChanged { public const string managerNode = "configurationN";//根节点 public const string configuration_ServerAddress = "ServerAddress";//子节点 private string _ServerAddress; public string ServerAddress { get { return _ServerAddress; } set { _ServerAddress = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("ServerAddress"); } } public void Load(string path) { try { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load(path); XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress) { ServerAddress = xn.InnerText; } } } catch(Exception ex) { } } public void Save(string path) { try { XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument(); xmlDocument.Load(path); XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode(managerNode).ChildNodes; foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl) { if (xn.Name == configuration_ServerAddress) { xn.InnerText = ServerAddress; } } xmlDocument.Save(path); } catch (Exception ex) { } } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (PropertyChanged != null) { PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } public static ConfigurationManager Instance = new ConfigurationManager(); } public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); Start(); this.tb1.Text = ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress.ToString(); } private string path = "CONFIG\\System.xml"; private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { ConfigurationManager.Instance.ServerAddress = this.tb1.Text; ConfigurationManager.Instance.Save(path); } private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { Application.Current.Shutdown(); } private void Start() { ConfigurationManager.Instance.Load(path); } }
总结
到此这篇关于C#读写xml文件方法的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关C#读写xml文件内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们!