利用SpringMVC和Ajax实现文件上传功能
个人根据相关资料实现利用SpringMVC和Ajax实现文件上传功能:
环境:
1.JDK1.7
2.maven3.3.9
3.Tomcat7
第一步:
导入相关jar包:
第二步:
配置springmvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.lc" /> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/page/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <!--上传文件的最大大小 --> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="17367648787"></property> <!-- 上传文件的编码 --> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property> </bean> </beans>
第三步:
配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1"> <display-name>fileupload</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!--Springmvc的控制分发器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
第四步:
新建一个Controller类,并实现文件上传的功能
import java.io.File; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Random; import javax.json.Json; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject; @Controller public class FileUploadController { @RequestMapping(value = "index", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String index() { return "index"; } @RequestMapping(value = "/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) { Map<String, String> modelMap = new HashMap<>(); if (!file.isEmpty()) { String storePath = "E://images"; Random r = new Random(); String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); String[] split = fileName.split(".jpg"); fileName = split[0] + r.nextInt(1000); fileName = fileName + ".jpg"; File filePath = new File(storePath, fileName); if (!filePath.getParentFile().exists()) { filePath.getParentFile().mkdirs();// 如果目录不存在,则创建目录 } try { file.transferTo(new File(storePath + File.separator + fileName));// 把文件写入目标文件地址 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); modelMap.put("back", "error"); String json = JSON.toJSONString(modelMap); return json; } modelMap.put("back", "success"); } else { modelMap.put("back", "error"); } String json = JSON.toJSONString(modelMap); return json; } }
第五步:
在WEB-INF下,新建一个pages文件夹,并创建实现文件上传的jsp或者HTML文件(我使用的是jsp):
在index.jsp下写入相关的ajax的方法,在使用ajax之前必须先导入js库。
<body> <form id="uploadForm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type="file" name="file"> </form> <br> <input type="button" id="upload" value="上传"> </body> <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { $('#upload').click(function() { var formData = new FormData($('#uploadForm')[0]); $.ajax({ type : 'POST', url : 'upload', data : formData, cache : false, processData : false, contentType : false, }).success(function(data) { var result = JSON.parse(data); alert(result.back); }).error(function() { alert("上传失败"); }); }); }); </script>
第六步:
进行测试
上传文件
上传成功
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