C# DatagridView常用操作汇总

本文汇总了C#中DatagridView的常用操作，有助于读者加深对C# DatagridView用法的理解，具体如下：

1、(最基本的技巧)、获取某列中的某行(某单元格)中的内容

this.currentposition = this.dataGridView1.BindingContext
[this.dataGridView1.DataSource, this.dataGridView1.DataMember].Position;
bookContent = this.database.dataSet.Tables[0].Rows
[this.currentposition][21].ToString().Trim();
MessageBox.Show(bookContent);

2、自定义列

//定义列宽
this.dataGridView1.Columns[0].Width = 80;
this.dataGridView1.Columns[1].Width = 80;
this.dataGridView1.Columns[2].Width = 180;
this.dataGridView1.Columns[3].Width = 120;
this.dataGridView1.Columns[4].Width = 120;
Customize Cells and Columns in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control by Extending Their
Behavior and Appearance
Host Controls in Windows Forms DataGridView Cells

继承 DataGridViewTextBoxCell 类生成新的Cell类，然后再继承 DataGridViewColumn 生成新的Column类，并指定
CellTemplate为新的Cell类。新生成的Column便可以增加到DataGridView中去。

3、自动适应列宽

DataGridView.AutoSizeColumns(
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderAndDisplayedRows);
DataGridView.AutoSizeColumn(
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnCriteria.HeaderOnly,
2, false);
DataGridView.AutoSizeRow(
DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.Columns,
2, false);
DataGridView.AutoSizeRows(
DataGridViewAutoSizeRowCriteria.HeaderAndColumns,
0, dataGridView1.Rows.Count, false);

4、可以绑定并显示对象

Bind Objects to Windows Forms DataGridView Controls

5、可以改变表格线条风格

this.dataGridView1.GridColor = Color.BlueViolet;
this.dataGridView1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.Fixed3D;
this.dataGridView1.CellBorderStyle = DataGridViewCellBorderStyle.None;
this.dataGridView1.RowHeadersBorderStyle = DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;
this.dataGridView1.ColumnHeadersBorderStyle = DataGridViewHeaderBorderStyle.Single;

6、动态改变列是否显示，和动态改变列的显示顺序

customersDataGridView.Columns["CustomerID"].Visible = false;
customersDataGridView.Columns["ContactName"].DisplayIndex = 0;
customersDataGridView.Columns["ContactTitle"].DisplayIndex = 1;
customersDataGridView.Columns["City"].DisplayIndex = 2;
customersDataGridView.Columns["Country"].DisplayIndex = 3;
customersDataGridView.Columns["CompanyName"].DisplayIndex = 4;

7、可以在列中显示图像

Icon treeIcon = new Icon(this.GetType(), "tree.ico");
DataGridViewImageColumn iconColumn = new DataGridViewImageColumn ();
iconColumn.Image = treeIcon.ToBitmap();
iconColumn.Name = "Tree";
iconColumn.HeaderText = "Nice tree";
dataGridView1.Columns.Insert(2, iconColumn);

8、格式化显示内容:

this.dataGridView1.Columns["UnitPrice"].DefaultCellStyle.Format = "c";
this.dataGridView1.Columns["ShipDate"].DefaultCellStyle.Format = "d";
this.dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.NullValue = "no entry";
this.dataGridView1.DefaultCellStyle.WrapMode = DataGridViewWrapMode.Wrap;
this.dataGridView1.Columns["CustomerName"].DefaultCellStyle.Alignment =DataGridViewContentAlignment.MiddleRight;

9、将指定列及以前的列固定不动

this.dataGridView1.Columns["AddToCartButton"].Frozen = true;

10、显示录入时出现的错误信息

private void dataGridView1_DataError(object sender,
DataGridViewDataErrorEventArgs e)
{
// If the data source raises an exception when a cell value is
// commited, display an error message.
if (e.Exception != null &&
e.Context == DataGridViewDataErrorContext.Commit)
{
MessageBox.Show("CustomerID value must be unique.");
}}

11、大数据量显示采用Virtual Mode

Implement Virtual Mode in the Windows Forms DataGridView Control

12、设置指定的列只读

dataGridView1.Columns["CompanyName"].ReadOnly = true;

13、移去自动生成的列

dataGridView1.AutoGenerateColumns = true;
dataGridView1.DataSource = customerDataSet;
dataGridView1.Columns.Remove ("Fax");

或：

dataGridView1.Columns["CustomerID"].Visible = false;

14、自定义选择模式

this.dataGridView1.SelectionMode = DataGridViewSelectionMode.FullRowSelect;
this.dataGridView1.MultiSelect = false;

15、自定义设定光标进入单元格是否编辑模式（编辑模式）

this.dataGridView1.EditMode = DataGridViewEditMode.EditOnEnter;

16、新行指定默认值

private void dataGridView1_DefaultValuesNeeded
(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewRowEventArgs e)
{
e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "WA";
e.Row.Cells["City"].Value = "Redmond";
e.Row.Cells["PostalCode"].Value = "98052-6399";
e.Row.Cells["Region"].Value = "NA";
e.Row.Cells["Country"].Value = "USA";
e.Row.Cells["CustomerID"].Value = NewCustomerId();
}

17、数据验证

private void dataGridView1_CellValidating(object sender,
DataGridViewCellValidatingEventArgs e)
{
// Validate the CompanyName entry by disallowing empty strings.
if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name == "CompanyName")
{
if (e.FormattedValue.ToString() == String.Empty)
{
dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].ErrorText =
"Company Name must not be empty";
e.Cancel = true;
}}}

18、数据提交到dataset中

DataSet ds = new DataSet("MyDataSet");
ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].Rows.Clear();
try
{
for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++)
{
DataTable dt = ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()];
DataRow myrow = ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].NewRow();
for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Columns.Count; j++)
{
myrow[j] = Convert.ToString(dataGridView1.Rows[i].Cells[j].Value);
}
ds.Tables[biaom.Trim()].Rows.Add(myrow);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("输入类型错误！");
return;
}