Spring Boot整合Spring Cache及Redis过程解析

这篇文章主要介绍了Spring Boot整合Spring Cache及Redis过程解析,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

1.安装redis

a.由于官方是没有Windows版的，所以我们需要下载微软开发的redis，网址：

https://github.com/MicrosoftArchive/redis/releases

b.解压后，在redis根目录打开cmd界面，输入：redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf，启动redis（关闭cmd窗口即停止）

2.使用

a.创建SpringBoot工程，选择maven依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    .....
  </dependencies>

b.配置 application.yml 配置文件

server:
 port: 8080
spring:
 # redis相关配置
 redis:
  database: 0
  host: localhost
  port: 6379
  password:
  jedis:
   pool:
    # 连接池最大连接数（使用负值表示没有限制）
    max-active: 8
    # 连接池最大阻塞等待时间（使用负值表示没有限制）
    max-wait: -1ms
    # 连接池中的最大空闲连接
    max-idle: 5
    # 连接池中的最小空闲连接
    min-idle: 0
    # 连接超时时间（毫秒）默认是2000ms
  timeout: 2000ms
 # thymeleaf热更新
 thymeleaf:
  cache: false

c.创建RedisConfig配置类

@Configuration
@EnableCaching //开启缓存
public class RedisConfig {

  /**
   * 缓存管理器
   * @param redisConnectionFactory
   * @return
   */
  @Bean
  public RedisCacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
    // 生成一个默认配置，通过config对象即可对缓存进行自定义配置
    RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
    // 设置缓存的默认过期时间，也是使用Duration设置
    config = config.entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(30))
        // 设置 key为string序列化
        .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()))
        // 设置value为json序列化
        .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer()))
        // 不缓存空值
        .disableCachingNullValues();

    // 对每个缓存空间应用不同的配置
    Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> configMap = new HashMap<>();
    configMap.put("userCache", config.entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(60)));

    // 使用自定义的缓存配置初始化一个cacheManager
    RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(redisConnectionFactory)
        //默认配置
        .cacheDefaults(config)
        // 特殊配置（一定要先调用该方法设置初始化的缓存名，再初始化相关的配置）
        .initialCacheNames(configMap.keySet())
        .withInitialCacheConfigurations(configMap)
        .build();
    return cacheManager;
  }

  /**
   * Redis模板类redisTemplate
   * @param factory
   * @return
   */
  @Bean
  public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
    RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
    template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
    // key采用String的序列化方式
    template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    // hash的key也采用String的序列化方式
    template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    // value序列化方式采用jackson
    template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
    // hash的value序列化方式采用jackson
    template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
    return template;
  }

  /**
   * json序列化
   * @return
   */
  private RedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
    //使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值
    Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class);
    //json转对象类，不设置默认的会将json转成hashmap
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
    mapper.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
    serializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
    return serializer;
  }
}

d.创建entity实体类

public class User implements Serializable {

  private int id;
  private String userName;
  private String userPwd;

  public User(){}

  public User(int id, String userName, String userPwd) {
    this.id = id;
    this.userName = userName;
    this.userPwd = userPwd;
  }

  public int getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(int id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
  }

  public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
  }

  public String getUserPwd() {
    return userPwd;
  }

  public void setUserPwd(String userPwd) {
    this.userPwd = userPwd;
  }

}

e.创建Service

@Service
public class UserService {

  //查询：先查缓存是是否有，有则直接取缓存中数据，没有则运行方法中的代码并缓存
  @Cacheable(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #userId")
  public User getUser(int userId) {
    System.out.println("执行此方法，说明没有缓存");
    return new User(userId, "用户名(get)_" + userId, "密码_" + userId);
  }

  //添加：运行方法中的代码并缓存
  @CachePut(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #user.id")
  public User addUser(User user){
    int userId = user.getId();
    System.out.println("添加缓存");
    return new User(userId, "用户名(add)_" + userId, "密码_" + userId);
  }

  //删除：删除缓存
  @CacheEvict(value = "userCache", key = "'user:' + #userId")
  public boolean deleteUser(int userId){
    System.out.println("删除缓存");
    return true;
  }

  @Cacheable(value = "common", key = "'common:user:' + #userId")
  public User getCommonUser(int userId) {
    System.out.println("执行此方法，说明没有缓存（测试公共配置是否生效）");
    return new User(userId, "用户名(common)_" + userId, "密码_" + userId);
  }

}

f.创建Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

  @Resource
  private UserService userService;

  @RequestMapping("/getUser")
  public User getUser(int userId) {
    return userService.getUser(userId);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/addUser")
  public User addUser(User user){
    return userService.addUser(user);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/deleteUser")
  public boolean deleteUser(int userId){
    return userService.deleteUser(userId);
  }

  @RequestMapping("/getCommonUser")
  public User getCommonUser(int userId) {
    return userService.getCommonUser(userId);
  }

}

@Controller
public class HomeController {
  //默认页面
  @RequestMapping("/")
  public String login() {
    return "test";
  }

}

g.在 templates 目录下，写书 test.html 页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>test</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    .row{
      margin:10px 0px;
    }
    .col{
      display: inline-block;
      margin:0px 5px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
  <h1>测试</h1>
  <div class="row">
    <label>用户ID：</label><input id="userid-input" type="text" name="userid"/>
  </div>
  <div class="row">
    <div class="col">
      <button id="getuser-btn">获取用户</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="adduser-btn">添加用户</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="deleteuser-btn">删除用户</button>
    </div>
    <div class="col">
      <button id="getcommonuser-btn">获取用户(common)</button>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row" id="result-div"></div>
</div>
</body>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
  $(function() {
    $("#getuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/getUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系统错误！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#adduser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/addUser",
        data: {
          id: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系统错误！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#deleteuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/deleteUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text(data);
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系统错误！");
        },
      })
    });
    $("#getcommonuser-btn").on("click",function(){
      var userId = $("#userid-input").val();
      $.ajax({
        url: "/user/getCommonUser",
        data: {
          userId: userId
        },
        dataType: "json",
        success: function(data){
          $("#result-div").text("id[" + data.id + ", userName[" + data.userName + "], userPwd[" + data.userPwd + "]");
        },
        error: function(e){
          $("#result-div").text("系统错误！");
        },
      })
    });
  });
</script>
</html>

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