java实现动态验证码
java动态实现验证码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
【实现效果】
- 点击图片或者文字可以更换验证码
- 验证码随机生成,由大小写字母和数字组成
- 验证码字体颜色随机生成,字母角度有偏转
- 干扰线随机分布
验证码的功能: 防止恶意的表单注册
VerificationCode.java 验证码功能实现
package com.iqqcode.servlet.checkcode; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Random; /** * @Author: Mr.Q * @Date: 2020-02-12 10:12 * @Description:验证码生成 */ @WebServlet("/VerificationCode") public class VerificationCode extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { int width = 120; int height = 50; //1.创建对象,验证码图片对象 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); //2.美化图片 //2.1填充背景色 //Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();//画笔对象,2D来旋转验证码字母 g.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置画笔颜色 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); //2.2画边框 g.setColor(Color.BLUE); g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1); //2.3生成验证码 String str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"; //生成随机角标 Random random = new Random(); //改变字体 g.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,35)); //将验证码偏转并写到画布上 for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) { int x = width/5 * i; int y = height/2; String msg = ""; int index = random.nextInt(str.length()); //获取字符 char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符 //获取正负30的角度 int angle = random.nextInt(60) - 30; double radian = angle * Math.PI/180; //设置验证码中的字体颜色 //g.setColor(Color.BLUE); int red = 0; int green = 0; int blue = 0; int codeY = 32; // 得到随机产生的验证码数字 // 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值,使输出的每位数字的颜色值都不同 red = random.nextInt(255); green = random.nextInt(255); blue = random.nextInt(255); // 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中 g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue)); //写验证码 g.rotate(radian, x, y); //把字母画在画布上 //g.drawString(ch+"", x, y); g.drawString(String.valueOf(ch)+"", x, codeY); //把每次旋转的再旋转回来 g.rotate(-radian, x, y); //每次向右移动20像素 x += 15; msg += ch; } //2.4随机产生20条干扰线,使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到 g.setColor(Color.MAGENTA); //随机生成坐标点 for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { int x1 = random.nextInt(width); int x2 = random.nextInt(width); int y1 = random.nextInt(height); int y2 = random.nextInt(height); g.drawLine(x1, x2, y1, y2); } //3.将图片输出到页面展示 //将图片对象写入流中 ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream()); } @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { this.doPost(request, response); } }
insex.jsp 前台页面展示
分析:
- 点击超链接或者图片,需要换一张
- 给超链接和图片绑定单击事件
- 重新设置图片的src属性值
生成的图片先要缓存在本地,每次请求是不会修改,所以验证码图片不会切换;
将图片路径后添加时间戳,通过错误的路径来欺骗服务器重新请求
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>验证码</title> <script> window.onload = function () { //1.获取图片对象 var img = document.getElementById("checkCode"); //2.绑定图片单击事件 img.onclick = function () { //加时间戳 var date = new Date().getTime(); //加时间戳,防止浏览器利用缓存 img.src = "/ServletResponse/VerificationCode?" + date; } //绑定链接点击事件 var ahref = document.getElementById("change"); ahref.onclick = function () { var date = new Date().getTime(); img.src = "/ServletResponse/VerificationCode?" + date; } } </script> </head> <body> <h2>验证码动态实现</h2> <img id="checkCode" src="/ServletResponse/VerificationCode"> <a id="change" href="">看不清?换一张</a> </body> </html>
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