C#索引属性用法实例分析
本文实例讲述了C#索引属性的用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下:
这里演示C#类如何声明索引属性以表示不同种类事物的类似数组的集合。
// indexedproperty.cs using System; public class Document { // 以下类型允许文档的查看方式与字的数组一样: public class WordCollection { readonly Document document; // 包含文档 internal WordCollection(Document d) { document = d; } // Helper 函数 -- 从字符“begin”开始在字符数组“text”中搜索 // 字数“wordCount”。如果字数小于 wordCount, // 则返回 false。将“start”和 // “length”设置为单词在文本中的位置和长度: private bool GetWord(char[] text, int begin, int wordCount, out int start, out int length) { int end = text.Length; int count = 0; int inWord = -1; start = length = 0; for (int i = begin; i <= end; ++i) { bool isLetter = i < end && Char.IsLetterOrDigit(text[i]); if (inWord >= 0) { if (!isLetter) { if (count++ == wordCount) { start = inWord; length = i - inWord; return true; } inWord = -1; } } else { if (isLetter) inWord = i; } } return false; } // 获取和设置包含文档中的字的索引器: public string this[int index] { get { int start, length; if (GetWord(document.TextArray, 0, index, out start, out length)) return new string(document.TextArray, start, length); else throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(); } set { int start, length; if (GetWord(document.TextArray, 0, index, out start, out length)) { // 用字符串“value”替换位于 start/length 处的 // 字: if (length == value.Length) { Array.Copy(value.ToCharArray(), 0, document.TextArray, start, length); } else { char[] newText = new char[document.TextArray.Length + value.Length - length]; Array.Copy(document.TextArray, 0, newText, 0, start); Array.Copy(value.ToCharArray(), 0, newText, start, value.Length); Array.Copy(document.TextArray, start + length, newText, start + value.Length, document.TextArray.Length - start - length); document.TextArray = newText; } } else throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(); } } // 获取包含文档中字的计数: public int Count { get { int count = 0, start = 0, length = 0; while (GetWord(document.TextArray, start + length, 0, out start, out length)) ++count; return count; } } } // 以下类型允许文档的查看方式像字符的“数组” // 一样: public class CharacterCollection { readonly Document document; // 包含文档 internal CharacterCollection(Document d) { document = d; } // 获取和设置包含文档中的字符的索引器: public char this[int index] { get { return document.TextArray[index]; } set { document.TextArray[index] = value; } } // 获取包含文档中字符的计数: public int Count { get { return document.TextArray.Length; } } } // 由于字段的类型具有索引器, // 因此这些字段显示为“索引属性”: public WordCollection Words; public CharacterCollection Characters; private char[] TextArray; // 文档的文本。 public Document(string initialText) { TextArray = initialText.ToCharArray(); Words = new WordCollection(this); Characters = new CharacterCollection(this); } public string Text { get { return new string(TextArray); } } } class Test { static void Main() { Document d = new Document( "peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. How many pickled peppers did peter piper pick?" ); // 将字“peter”更改为“penelope”: for (int i = 0; i < d.Words.Count; ++i) { if (d.Words[i] == "peter") d.Words[i] = "penelope"; } // 将字符“p”更改为“P” for (int i = 0; i < d.Characters.Count; ++i) { if (d.Characters[i] == 'p') d.Characters[i] = 'P'; } Console.WriteLine(d.Text); } }
希望本文所述对大家的C#程序设计有所帮助。
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