android 捕捉异常并上传至服务器的简单实现

在项目中，我们的应用经常会遇到崩溃的情况，如果你的项目已经发送到了应用市场上，那么应用发生的崩溃开发人员是开不到的，所以我们要想办法将异常信息传到服务器上，便于开发人员查看并作出修改。Google考虑到这一点，也提供了Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler接口来实现这一问题。

创建Crash异常捕获很简单，主要的步骤有：

1.创建BaseApplication继承Application并实现Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler

2.通过Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this)设置默认的异常捕获

3.最后在manifests中注册创建的BaseApplication

一、异常捕捉的简单实用

public class BaseApplication extends Application implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {

  @Override
  public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    //设置异常捕获
    CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();
    catchHandler.init(this);
  }
}

二、CrashHandler（主要是实现uncaughtException方法）

public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {

  public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";

  // 系统默认的UncaughtException处理类
  private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
  // CrashHandler实例
  private static CrashHandler instance;
  // 程序的Context对象
  private Context mContext;
  // 用来存储设备信息和异常信息
  private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();

  // 用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分
  private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");
  MyActivityLifecycleCallbacks mMyActivityLifecycleCallbacks = new MyActivityLifecycleCallbacks();

  /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */
  private CrashHandler() {
  }

  /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */
  public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
    if (instance == null)
      instance = new CrashHandler();
    return instance;
  }

  /**
   * 初始化
   */
  public void init(SspApplication context) {
    mContext = context;
    context.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(mMyActivityLifecycleCallbacks);
    // 获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器
    mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
    // 设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器
    Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
  }

  /**
   * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理
   */
  @Override
  public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
    if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
      // 如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理
      mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
    } else {
    //  try {
    //    Thread.sleep(3000);
    //  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    //    Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
    //  }
    // 注意Thread.sleep(3000)和 SystemClock.sleep(3000)的区别
      SystemClock.sleep(3000);
      // 退出程序
      Log.i("=====killProcess======","=====killProcess======");
      mMyActivityLifecycleCallbacks.removeAllActivities();
      android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
      System.exit(0);
    }
  }

  /**
   * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.
   *
   * @param ex
   * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.
   */
  private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
    Log.i("=====handleException======","=====handleException======");
    if (ex == null) {
      return false;
    }
    // 收集设备参数信息
    collectDeviceInfo(mContext);

    // 使用Toast来显示异常信息
    new Thread() {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        Looper.prepare();
        Toast.makeText(mContext, "哎呀，出问题了，我要暂时离开了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        Looper.loop();
      }
    }.start();
    // 保存日志文件
    saveCatchInfo2File(ex);
    return true;
  }

  /**
   * 收集设备参数信息
   *
   * @param ctx
   */
  public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
    try {
      PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
      PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
      if (pi != null) {
        String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;
        String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
        infos.put("versionName", versionName);
        infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);
      }
    } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
    }
    Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
    for (Field field : fields) {
      try {
        field.setAccessible(true);
        infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
        Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));
      } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * 保存错误信息到文件中
   *
   * @param ex
   * @return 返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器
   */
  private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {

    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      String value = entry.getValue();
      sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
    }

    Writer writer = new StringWriter();
    PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
    ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
    Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
    while (cause != null) {
      cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
      cause = cause.getCause();
    }
    printWriter.close();
    String result = writer.toString();
    sb.append(result);
    try {
      long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
      String time = formatter.format(new Date());
      SharedPreferences userInfo = mContext.getSharedPreferences(
          Constants.USER_SETTING_INFOS, 0);
      String loginName = userInfo.getString(Constants.USERNAME, "");
      String fileName = "crash-" + time +"-"+loginName+ ".log";
      if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
        String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";
        File dir = new File(path);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
          dir.mkdirs();
        }
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
        fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
        // 发送给开发人员
        sendCrashLog2PM(path + fileName);
        fos.close();
      }
      return fileName;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
    }
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * 将捕获的导致崩溃的错误信息发送给开发人员
   *
   * 目前只将log日志保存在sdcard 和输出到LogCat中，并未发送给后台。
   */
  private void sendCrashLog2PM(final String fileName) {
    if (!new File(fileName).exists()) {
      Toast.makeText(mContext, "日志文件不存在！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      return;
    } else {
      new Thread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
          Looper.prepare();
          ArrayList<String> picList = new ArrayList<String>();
          picList.add(fileName);
          SendEventPic sFile = new SendEventPic(mContext);
          UUIDGenerator generator = new UUIDGenerator();
          String linkId = generator.generate().toString();
          SharedPreferences userInfo = mContext.getSharedPreferences(
              Constants.USER_SETTING_INFOS, 0);
          String loginName = userInfo.getString(Constants.USERNAME, "");
          String userId = userInfo.getString(Constants.USER_USERID_INFOS, "");
          boolean isproblempic = sFile.isSendSuccess(picList, linkId,
              "crash_tng", "crash_tng", loginName, userId);
          Looper.loop();
        }
      }).start();
    }
    FileInputStream fis = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    String s = null;
    try {
      fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
      reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));
      while (true) {
        s = reader.readLine();
        if (s == null)
          break;
        // 由于目前尚未确定以何种方式发送，所以先打出log日志。
        Log.i("info", s.toString());
      }
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } finally { // 关闭流
      try {
        reader.close();
        fis.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

三、开发过程中遇到的坑

如果在activity创建的时候崩溃的话，系统有时候（目前不确定什么情况下会重启）会重启当前的activity，造成第二次的崩溃，如此循环……

所以，在应用崩溃时要完全退出应用。

public class MyActivityLifecycleCallbacks implements ActivityLifecycleCallbacks {

  private List<Activity> activities = new LinkedList<>();
  public static int sAnimationId = 0;

  @Override
  public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    addActivity(activity);
  }

  @Override
  public void onActivityStarted(Activity activity) {

  }

  @Override
  public void onActivityResumed(Activity activity) {

  }

  @Override
  public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {

  }

  @Override
  public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {

  }

  @Override
  public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {

  }

  @Override
  public void onActivityDestroyed(Activity activity) {
    removeActivity(activity);
  }

  /**
   * 添加Activity
   */
  public void addActivity(Activity activity) {
    if (activities == null) {
      activities = new LinkedList<>();
    }

    if (!activities.contains(activity)) {
      activities.add(activity);// 把当前Activity添加到集合中
    }
  }

  /**
   * 移除Activity
   */
  public void removeActivity(Activity activity) {
    if (activities.contains(activity)) {
      activities.remove(activity);
    }

    if (activities.size() == 0) {
      activities = null;
    }
  }

  /**
   * 销毁所有activity
   */
  public void removeAllActivities() {
    for (Activity activity : activities) {
      if (null != activity) {
        activity.finish();
        activity.overridePendingTransition(0, sAnimationId);
      }
    }
  }
}

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