python实现简易内存监控
本例主要功能:每隔3秒获取系统内存,当内存超过设定的警报值时,获取所有进程占用内存并发出警报声。内存值和所有进程占用内存记入log,log文件按天命名。
1 获取cpu、内存、进程信息
利用WMI
简单说明下,WMI的全称是Windows Management Instrumentation,即Windows管理规范。它是Windows操作系统上管理数据和操作的基础设施。我们可以使用WMI脚本或者应用自动化管理任务等。
安装模块
WMI下载地址
win32com下载地址:
学会使用WMI
不错的教程
获取cpu、内存、磁盘
def getSysInfo(wmiService = None): result = {} if wmiService == None: wmiService = wmi.WMI() # cpu for cpu in wmiService.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) result['cpuPercent'] = cpu.loadPercentage # memory cs = wmiService.Win32_ComputerSystem() os = wmiService.Win32_OperatingSystem() result['memTotal'] = int(int(cs[0].TotalPhysicalMemory)/1024/1024) result['memFree'] = int(int(os[0].FreePhysicalMemory)/1024) result['memPercent']=result['memFree'] * 100 /result['memTotal'] #disk result['diskTotal'] = 0 result['diskFree'] = 0 for disk in wmiService.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriveType=3): result['diskTotal'] += int(disk.Size) result['diskFree'] += int(disk.FreeSpace) result['diskTotal'] = int(result['diskTotal']/1024/1024) result['diskFree'] = int(result['diskFree']/1024/1024) return result
获取所有进程占用内存
def getAllProcessInfo(mywmi = None): """取出全部进程的进程名,进程ID,进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ allProcessList = [] allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process") #print (allProcess.count) for j in allProcess: #print j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() ##print j.Properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__str__() #for pro in j.Properties_: # print (pro.name) #break name = j.Properties_("name").__str__() if name != "_Total" and name !="Idle": pid = j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__() PercentPrivilegedTime = j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() WorkingSetPrivate = j.Properties_("WorkingSetPrivate").__int__()/1024 WorkingSet = j.Properties_("WorkingSet").__int__()/1024 allProcessList.append([name, pid, WorkingSetPrivate, WorkingSet, PercentPrivilegedTime]) return allProcessList
也可以用psutil
import psutil,time from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter def getProcessInfo(p): """取出指定进程占用的进程名,进程ID,进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ try: cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) memory = p.memory_info() rss = memory.rss/1024 vms = memory.vms/1024 name = p.name() pid = p.pid except psutil.Error: name = "Closed_Process" pid = 0 rss = 0 vms = 0 cpu = 0 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] def getAllProcessInfo(): """取出全部进程的进程名,进程ID,进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ instances = [] all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) for proc in all_processes: proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出CPU使用率的重点 time.sleep(1) for proc in all_processes: instances.append(getProcessInfo(proc)) return instances if __name__ == '__main__': processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo() processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: print(p)
2. 保存log
配置config文件
[loggers] keys=example01 [logger_example01] handlers=hand04 [handlers] keys=hand04 [handler_hand04] class=handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7) [formatters] keys=form01,form02 [formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
记录log
import logging import logging.config logger.info("message") logger.warning("message") logger.error("message")
3. 完整代码
文件夹结构:
maintain
–monitor
—-logs
—-logger.conf
—-monitor.py
–packages
—-init.py
—-processinfo.py
—-sysinfo.py
monitor
import wmi import time import winsound import logging import logging.config from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter from os import path import packages.sysinfo #使用wmi #import packages.ProcessInfo #使用 #def ShowProcessInfo(): # processInfoList = packages.ProcessInfo.getAllProcessInfo() # processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) # for p in processInfoList: # logger.info(p) def ShowProcessInfo(wmiService = None): processInfoList = packages.sysinfo.getAllProcessInfo(wmiService) processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: logger.info(p) if __name__ == '__main__': MemPerWorningLine = 50 MemPerErrorLine = 20 ErrorAlertCount = 10 ProcessInfoCount = 10 counterProcessInfo = ProcessInfoCount print("Memory monitor start!") log_file_path = path.join(path.dirname(path.abspath(__file__)), 'logger.conf') #print(log_file_path) logging.config.fileConfig(log_file_path) logger = logging.getLogger("example01") wmiService = wmi.WMI() while True: memPercent = int(packages.sysinfo.getSysInfo(wmiService)['memPercent']) strMemPercent = 'FreeMemory: ' + str(memPercent) + '%' if(memPercent < MemPerErrorLine): logger.error(strMemPercent) #ProcessInfoList counterProcessInfo+=1 if(counterProcessInfo >= ProcessInfoCount): ShowProcessInfo(wmiService) counterProcessInfo = 0 #ALert counter = 1 while counter <= ErrorAlertCount: winsound.Beep(2080, 100) time.sleep(0.1) counter += 1 elif(memPercent < MemPerWorningLine): logger.warning(strMemPercent) #ProcessInfoList counterProcessInfo+=1 if(counterProcessInfo >= ProcessInfoCount): ShowProcessInfo(wmiService) counterProcessInfo = 0 #ALert winsound.Beep(2015, 2000) else: logger.info(strMemPercent) time.sleep(3)
sysinfo
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import wmi import os import sys import platform import time import win32api import win32com from win32com.client import GetObject from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter def getSysInfo(wmiService = None): result = {} if wmiService == None: wmiService = wmi.WMI() # cpu for cpu in wmiService.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) result['cpuPercent'] = cpu.loadPercentage # memory cs = wmiService.Win32_ComputerSystem() os = wmiService.Win32_OperatingSystem() result['memTotal'] = int(int(cs[0].TotalPhysicalMemory)/1024/1024) result['memFree'] = int(int(os[0].FreePhysicalMemory)/1024) result['memPercent']=result['memFree'] * 100 /result['memTotal'] #disk result['diskTotal'] = 0 result['diskFree'] = 0 for disk in wmiService.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriveType=3): result['diskTotal'] += int(disk.Size) result['diskFree'] += int(disk.FreeSpace) result['diskTotal'] = int(result['diskTotal']/1024/1024) result['diskFree'] = int(result['diskFree']/1024/1024) return result def sys_version(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取操作系统版本 for sys in c.Win32_OperatingSystem(): print ("Version:%s" % sys.Caption.encode("UTF8"),"Vernum:%s" % sys.BuildNumber) print (sys.OSArchitecture.encode("UTF8"))#系统是32位还是64位的 print (sys.NumberOfProcesses) #当前系统运行的进程总数 def cpu_mem(): c = wmi.WMI () #CPU类型和内存 for processor in c.Win32_Processor(): #print "Processor ID: %s" % processor.DeviceID print ("Process Name: %s" % processor.Name.strip() ) for Memory in c.Win32_PhysicalMemory(): print ("Memory Capacity: %.fMB" %(int(Memory.Capacity)/1048576)) def cpu_use(): #5s取一次CPU的使用率 c = wmi.WMI() while True: for cpu in c.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) print ('%s | Utilization: %s: %d %%' % (timestamp, cpu.DeviceID, cpu.LoadPercentage)) time.sleep(5) def disk(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取硬盘分区 for physical_disk in c.Win32_DiskDrive (): for partition in physical_disk.associators ("Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"): for logical_disk in partition.associators ("Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition"): print (physical_disk.Caption.encode("UTF8"), partition.Caption.encode("UTF8"), logical_disk.Caption) #获取硬盘使用百分情况 for disk in c.Win32_LogicalDisk (DriveType=3): print (disk.Caption, "%0.2f%% free" % (100.0 * long (disk.FreeSpace) / long (disk.Size))) def network(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取MAC和IP地址 for interface in c.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration (IPEnabled=1): print ("MAC: %s" % interface.MACAddress ) for ip_address in interface.IPAddress: print ("ip_add: %s" % ip_address ) print #获取自启动程序的位置 for s in c.Win32_StartupCommand (): print ("[%s] %s <%s>" % (s.Location.encode("UTF8"), s.Caption.encode("UTF8"), s.Command.encode("UTF8"))) #获取当前运行的进程 for process in c.Win32_Process (): print (process.ProcessId, process.Name) def getAllProcessInfo(mywmi = None): """取出全部进程的进程名,进程ID,内存(专有工作集), 工作集 """ allProcessList = [] allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process") #print (allProcess.count) for j in allProcess: #print j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() ##print j.Properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__str__() #for pro in j.Properties_: # print (pro.name) #break name = j.Properties_("name").__str__() if name != "_Total" and name !="Idle": pid = j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__() PercentPrivilegedTime = j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() WorkingSetPrivate = j.Properties_("WorkingSetPrivate").__int__()/1024 WorkingSet = j.Properties_("WorkingSet").__int__()/1024 allProcessList.append([name, pid, WorkingSetPrivate, WorkingSet, PercentPrivilegedTime]) # allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("select * from Win32_Process") # for i in allProcess: # Name = str(i.Properties_("Name")) # ProcessID = int(i.Properties_("ProcessID")) # WorkingSetSize = int(i.Properties_("WorkingSetSize"))/1024 # #VirtualSize = int(i.Properties_("VirtualSize"))/1024 # PeakWorkingSetSize = int(i.Properties_("PeakWorkingSetSize"))/1024 # CreationDate = str(i.Properties_("CreationDate")) # allProcessList.append([Name, ProcessID, WorkingSetSize, PeakWorkingSetSize, CreationDate]) return allProcessList #def main(): #sys_version() #cpu_mem() #disk() #network() #cpu_use() if __name__ == '__main__': #mywmi = GetObject("winmgmts:") mywmi = wmi.WMI() processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo(mywmi) processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for processinfo in processInfoList: print(processinfo)
processinfo
import psutil,time from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter def getProcessInfo(p): """取出指定进程占用的进程名,进程ID,进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ try: cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) memory = p.memory_info() rss = memory.rss/1024 vms = memory.vms/1024 name = p.name() pid = p.pid except psutil.Error: name = "Closed_Process" pid = 0 rss = 0 vms = 0 cpu = 0 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] def getAllProcessInfo(): """取出全部进程的进程名,进程ID,进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ instances = [] all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) for proc in all_processes: proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出CPU使用率的重点 time.sleep(1) for proc in all_processes: instances.append(getProcessInfo(proc)) return instances if __name__ == '__main__': processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo() processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: print(p)
logger
#logger.conf ############################################### [loggers] keys=root,example01,example02 [logger_root] level=DEBUG handlers=hand01,hand02 [logger_example01] handlers=hand01,hand04 qualname=example01 propagate=0 [logger_example02] handlers=hand01,hand03 qualname=example02 propagate=0 ############################################### [handlers] keys=hand01,hand02,hand03,hand04 [handler_hand01] class=StreamHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=(sys.stderr,) [handler_hand02] class=FileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('myapp.log', 'a') [handler_hand03] class=handlers.RotatingFileHandler level=INFO formatter=form02 args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5) [handler_hand04] class=handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler level=DEBUG formatter=form01 args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7) ############################################### [formatters] keys=form01,form02 [formatter_form01] format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s datefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S [formatter_form02] format=%(asctime)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s datefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
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