Android的广播Receiver动态注册和静态注册示例

广播接收器注册一共有两种形式 : 静态注册和动态注册.

两者及其接收广播的区别:

1.动态注册的广播 永远要快于 静态注册的广播,不管静态注册的优先级设置的多高,不管动态注册的优先级有多低。

2.动态注册广播不是 常驻型广播 ，也就是说广播跟随activity的生命周期。注意: 在activity结束前，移除广播接收器。

静态注册是常驻型 ，也就是说当应用程序关闭后，如果有信息广播来，程序也会被系统调用自动运行。

3.在同一个优先级下,谁先启动的快,谁将先接收到广播。

下面这个Demo，界面如下，注册两个动态接收器（接收自定义广播和系统广播）和注册静态广播（接收自定义静态和广播、手机USB的插拔事件、接收短信并读取短信息）

工程目录如下：注意看代码中的注释

xml布局文件（activity_main.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"> 

 <Button
   android:id="@+id/send_static"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="发送自定义静态注册广播"/> 

 <Button android:id="@+id/send_dynamic"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="发送自定义动态注册广播"/> 

 <Button
   android:id="@+id/send_system"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="发送系统动态注册广播"/> 

</LinearLayout>

Manifest.xml如下，这里面定义的权限信息和注册的广播

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 package="com.nii.receiver" > 

 <!--监听短信息-->
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" /> 

 <application
  android:allowBackup="true"
  android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
  android:label="@string/app_name"
  android:supportsRtl="true"
  android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
  <activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
   <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> 

    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
   </intent-filter>
  </activity> 

  <!-- 注册自定义静态广播接收器 -->
  <receiver android:name=".StaticReceiver">
   <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="com.byread.static" />
   </intent-filter>
  </receiver> 

  <!-- 注册系统静态广播接收器 -->
  <receiver android:name=".SystemReceiver">
   <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.intent.action.BATTERY_LOW" />
    <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
    <action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE"/>
  </intent-filter>
  </receiver> 

 </application> 

</manifest>

MainActivity.Java

package com.nii.receiver;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.nii.receiver.type.RequestPermissionType;
import com.nii.receiver.util.PermissionUtil; 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{ 

 /**
  * 发送静态广播按钮
  */
 private Button sendStaticBtn; 

 /**
  * 发送动态广播按钮
  */
 private Button sendDynamicBtn; 

 /**
  * 发送系统广播按钮
  */
 private Button sendSystemBtn; 

 /**
  * 静态action
  */
 private static final String STATICACTION = "com.byread.static"; 

 /**
  * 动态action
  */
 private static final String DYNAMICACTION = "com.byread.dynamic"; 

 /**
  * USB设备连接
  */
 private static final String SYSTEMACTION = Intent.ACTION_POWER_CONNECTED; 

 private Context mContext; 

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
 {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  this.mContext = this; 

  sendStaticBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_static);
  sendDynamicBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_dynamic);
  sendSystemBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_system);
  sendStaticBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
  sendDynamicBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());
  sendSystemBtn.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener()); 

  //申请读取短信的权限
  PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
    RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS); 

  PermissionUtil.requestPermission(mContext, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,
    RequestPermissionType.REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS);
 }
 class MyOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener
 {
  @Override
  public void onClick(View v)
  {
   // 发送自定义静态注册广播消息
   if (v.getId() == R.id.send_static)
   {
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义静态注册广播消息");
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(STATICACTION);
    intent.putExtra("msg", "接收静态注册广播成功！");
    sendBroadcast(intent);
   }
   // 发送自定义动态注册广播消息
   else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_dynamic)
   {
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送自定义动态注册广播消息");
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(DYNAMICACTION);
    intent.putExtra("msg", "接收动态注册广播成功！");
    sendBroadcast(intent);
   }
   // 发送系统动态注册广播消息。当手机连接充电设备时会由系统自己发送广播消息。
   else if (v.getId() == R.id.send_system)
   {
    Log.e("MainActivity", "发送系统动态注册广播消息");
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction(SYSTEMACTION);
    intent.putExtra("msg", "正在充电。。。。");
   }
  }
 } 

 @Override
 protected void onStart()
 {
  super.onStart();
  Log.e("MainActivity", "注册广播事件"); 

  // 注册自定义动态广播消息
  IntentFilter filter_dynamic = new IntentFilter();
  filter_dynamic.addAction(DYNAMICACTION);
  registerReceiver(dynamicReceiver, filter_dynamic); 

  // 注册系统动态广播消息
  IntentFilter filter_system = new IntentFilter();
  filter_system.addAction(SYSTEMACTION);
  registerReceiver(systemReceiver, filter_system);
 } 

 private BroadcastReceiver dynamicReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
 { 

  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
  {
   Log.e("MainActivity", "接收自定义动态注册广播消息");
   if (intent.getAction().equals(DYNAMICACTION))
   {
    String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
    Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  }
 }; 

 private BroadcastReceiver systemReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
 {
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
  {
   Log.e("MainActivity", "接收系统动态注册广播消息");
   if (intent.getAction().equals(SYSTEMACTION))
   {
    String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
    Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  }
 };
}

StaticReceiver.java

package com.nii.receiver;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.widget.Toast; 

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public class StaticReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{ 

 /**
  * 接收广播
  * @param context context
  * @param intent intent
  */
 @Override
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
 {
  String msg = intent.getStringExtra("msg");
  Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 }
}

SystemReceiver.java这里面处理一些系统的事件

package com.nii.receiver;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.text.format.DateFormat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.nii.receiver.util.DialogUtil; 

import java.util.Date; 

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public class SystemReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{ 

 /**
  * 接收系统静态广播
  *
  * @param context context
  * @param intent intent
  */
 @Override
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
 {
  if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_LOW))
  {
   Log.e("SystemReceiver", "电量低提示");
   Toast.makeText(context, "您的手机电量偏低，请及时充电", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
  else if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))
  {
   if (intent.getAction().equals("android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"))
   {
    Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
    if (bundle != null)
    {//如果数据不为空
     //获得收到的短信数据
     Object[] objArray = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
     //根据objArray的大小创建一个SmsMessage数组，用于封装短信内容
     SmsMessage[] smsMessage = new SmsMessage[objArray.length];
     StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
     sb.append("时间：" + new DateFormat().format("yyyy - MM - dd hh.mm.ss", new Date())); 

     //遍历smsMessage数组取出所有短信
     for (int i = 0; i < smsMessage.length; i++)
     {
      //将每条字节类型的短信数据转换成SmsMessage对象
      smsMessage[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) objArray[i]);
      //获取短信发送地址
      sb.append("发送者：" + smsMessage[i].getOriginatingAddress());
      //获取短信内容
      sb.append("短信内容：" + smsMessage[i].getDisplayMessageBody() + "\n");
     } 

     DialogUtil.showPrompt(context,sb.toString());
     Toast.makeText(context, sb.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }
   }
  }
  else if(intent.getAction().equals("android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE"))
  {
   if (intent.getExtras().getBoolean("connected"))
   {
    Toast.makeText(context, "USB插入", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }
   else
   {
    Toast.makeText(context, "USB拔出", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }
  }
 }
}

RequestPermissionType.java是权限请求的时候，Qequest Code（请求码）

package com.nii.receiver.type; 

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public interface RequestPermissionType
{
 /**
  * 请求打电话的权限码
  */
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_CALL_PHONE = 100; 

 /**
  * 请求接收短信息
  */
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_RECEIVE_SMS = 101; 

 /**
  * 请求读短信
  */
 int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_READ_SMS = 102;
}

DialogUtil.java是界面弹窗工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.view.WindowManager;
/**
 * 对话框工具箱
 *
 * @author xiaopan
 */
public class DialogUtil
{
 /**
  * 显示一个对话框
  *
  * @param context     上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
  * @param title      标题
  * @param message     消息
  * @param confirmButton    确认按钮
  * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器
  * @param centerButton    中间按钮
  * @param centerButtonClickListener 中间按钮点击监听器
  * @param cancelButton    取消按钮
  * @param cancelButtonClickListener 取消按钮点击监听器
  * @param onShowListener    显示监听器
  * @param cancelable     是否允许通过点击返回按钮或者点击对话框之外的位置关闭对话框
  * @param onCancelListener   取消监听器
  * @param onDismissListener   销毁监听器
  * @return 对话框
  */
 public static AlertDialog showAlert(Context context, String title, String message,
          String confirmButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,
          String centerButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener centerButtonClickListener,
          String cancelButton, DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener,
          DialogInterface.OnShowListener onShowListener, boolean cancelable,
          DialogInterface.OnCancelListener onCancelListener,
          DialogInterface.OnDismissListener onDismissListener)
 {
  AlertDialog.Builder promptBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
  if (title != null)
  {
   promptBuilder.setTitle(title);
  }
  if (message != null)
  {
   promptBuilder.setMessage(message);
  }
  if (confirmButton != null)
  {
   promptBuilder.setPositiveButton(confirmButton, confirmButtonClickListener);
  }
  if (centerButton != null)
  {
   promptBuilder.setNeutralButton(centerButton, centerButtonClickListener);
  }
  if (cancelButton != null)
  {
   promptBuilder.setNegativeButton(cancelButton, cancelButtonClickListener);
  }
  promptBuilder.setCancelable(true);
  if (cancelable)
  {
   promptBuilder.setOnCancelListener(onCancelListener);
  } 

  AlertDialog alertDialog = promptBuilder.create();
  if (!(context instanceof Activity))
  {
   alertDialog.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT);
  }
  alertDialog.setOnDismissListener(onDismissListener);
  alertDialog.setOnShowListener(onShowListener);
  alertDialog.show();
  return alertDialog;
 } 

 /**
  * 显示一个对话框
  *
  * @param context     上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
  * @param title      标题
  * @param message     消息
  * @param confirmButtonClickListener 确认按钮点击监听器
  * @param cancelButtonClickListener 取消按钮点击监听器
  * @return 对话框
  */
 public static AlertDialog showConfirm(Context context, String title, String message,
          DialogInterface.OnClickListener confirmButtonClickListener,
          DialogInterface.OnClickListener cancelButtonClickListener)
 {
  return showAlert(context, title, message, "Yes",
    confirmButtonClickListener, null, null, "No", cancelButtonClickListener, null, true, null, null);
 } 

 /**
  * 显示一个提示框
  *
  * @param context  上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
  * @param message  提示的消息
  * @param confirmButton 确定按钮的名字
  */
 public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message, String confirmButton)
 {
  return showAlert(context, null, message, confirmButton, null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);
 } 

 /**
  * 显示一个提示框
  *
  * @param context 上下文对象，最好给Activity，否则需要android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
  * @param message 提示的消息
  */
 public static AlertDialog showPrompt(Context context, String message)
 {
  return showAlert(context, null, message, "OK", null, null, null, null, null, null, true, null, null);
 }
}

PermissionUtil.java是权限申请工具类

package com.nii.receiver.util;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat; 

/**
 * Created by wzj on 2017/2/19.
 */
public abstract class PermissionUtil
{
 /**
  * 请求权限
  * @param mContext mContext
  * @param permission permission
  * @param requestCode requestCode
  */
 public static void requestPermission(Context mContext,String permission,int requestCode)
 {
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
  {
   return;
  } 

  int checkCallPhonePermission = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext,permission); 

  if (checkCallPhonePermission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
  {
   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) mContext, new String[]{permission},requestCode);
  }
 }
}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。