nginx+uwsgi+django环境搭建的方法步骤

环境搭建

1.安装uwsgi、nginx和django

apt install nginx
pip install uwsgi
pip install django

2.测试uwsgi和nginx的连接

PS：下面的例子采用的是 unix socket 的链接发送

创文件foobar.py

def application(env, start_response):
  start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
  return [b"Hello World"] # python3
  #return ["Hello World"] # python2

创文件foobar_uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir      = /home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite
# Django's wsgi file
module     = foobar

# process-related settings
# master
master     = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes    = 10
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket     = /home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite/foobar.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
# chmod-socket  = 664
# clear environment on exit
# 这个配置本来是true，即退出就删掉socket，但这会导致nginx的启动失败，所以改为false
vacuum     = false

创文件foobar_nginx.conf

server {
  listen     8099;
  server_name  127.0.0.1
  charset UTF-8;
  access_log   /var/log/nginx/myweb_access.log;
  error_log    /var/log/nginx/myweb_error.log;

  client_max_body_size 75M;

  location / {
    include uwsgi_params;
    uwsgi_pass unix:///home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite/foobar.sock; # 用unix socket
    # uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000 # 用TCP socket
    uwsgi_read_timeout 2;
  }
 }

将这个文件链接到/etc/nginx/sites-enabled，这样nginx就可以看到它了

sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

启动nginx

sudo service nginx start

启动uwsgi

uwsgi --ini foobar_uwsgi.ini

访问127.0.0.1:8099，如果出现“Hello world”就说明下面连接栈是成功的。

the web client <-> the web server <-> the socket <-> uWSGI <-> Python

3.建立整个连接栈

the web client <-> the web server <-> the socket <-> uwsgi <-> Django

建立django项目

django-admin startproject mysite

在项目的根目录建立mysite_uwsgi.ini

# myweb_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings

socket = mysite.sock

# the base directory (full path)
chdir      = /home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite

# Django s wsgi file
module     = mysite.wsgi

# process-related settings
# master
master     = true

# maximum number of worker processes
processes    = 4

# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
# chmod-socket  = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum     = false

在项目根目录建立mysite_nginx.conf

server {
  listen     8099;
  server_name  127.0.0.1
  charset UTF-8;
  access_log   /var/log/nginx/myweb_access.log;
  error_log    /var/log/nginx/myweb_error.log;

  client_max_body_size 75M;

  location / {
    include uwsgi_params;
    uwsgi_pass unix:///home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite/mysite.sock; # 用unix socket
    # uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000 # 用TCP socket
    uwsgi_read_timeout 2;
  }
  location /static {
    expires 30d;
    autoindex on;
    add_header Cache-Control private;
    alias /home/dmd/project/ENV/mysite/static/;
   }
 }

链接sudo ln -s ~/path/to/your/mysite/mysite_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

运行

# 运行uwsgi
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
# 开启niginx
sudo service nginx start

测试。访问 127.0.0.1:8099 ，如果看到django的页面，说明成功。

完整的目录树

mysite/
├── db.sqlite3
├── manage.py
├── mysite
│  ├── __init__.py
│  ├── __pycache__
│  │  ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
│  │  ├── settings.cpython-36.pyc
│  │  ├── urls.cpython-36.pyc
│  │  └── wsgi.cpython-36.pyc
│  ├── settings.py
│  ├── urls.py
│  └── wsgi.py
├── mysite.sock
├── mysite_nginx.conf
├── mysite_uwsgi.ini
└── uwsgi_params

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