利用Python自动监控网站并发送邮件告警的方法

前言

因为有一些网站需要每日检查是否有问题，所以需要一个报警监控的机制，这个需要你指定你发送的邮箱和你接收的邮箱，就可以做到对网站自动监控了。

这里用的是python3.5

需要安装的插件:

1、smtplib:发邮件需要用到

2、pycurl:访问网站时会需要用到

3、linecache:在读取txt网站清单时需要用到

具体思路:

python程序从txt里面批量读取到网站的信息,通过Curl.py模拟浏览器去访问网站,并且把访问的结果写入到以自己的网站名称-日期.txt格式的文件中记录;有几种情况:

1、如果发现打不开了,直接发邮件提示网站已经打不开

2、发现可以打开,读取文件中上一次访问的情况(读取txt文件最后一行),

1)如果发现上一次是打不开的,发邮件提醒网站已经恢复了

2)如果发现上一次是打得开的(200的返回码),只是记录网站访问的日志就可以了

总共4个文件

Email.py是邮件类,主要用来发邮件的时候调用,这里需要按照你的情况改成你的邮箱(msg['From']),邮箱服务器地址(SMTP地址),和你的邮箱密码(SMTP.login)

Email.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class Email_send(object):
 def __init__(self,msgTo,data2,Subject):
  self.msgTo=msgTo
  self.data2=data2
  self.Subject=Subject
 def sendEmail(self):
  # (attachment,html) = content
  msg = MIMEMultipart()
  msg['Subject'] = self.Subject
  msg['From'] = 'xxxx@xxxx.com.cn'
  msg['To'] = self.msgTo
  html_att = MIMEText(self.data2, 'html', 'utf-8')
  #att = MIMEText(attachment, 'plain', 'utf-8')
  msg.attach(html_att)
  #msg.attach(att)
  try:
   smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
   smtp.connect('smtp.xxxx.com', 25)
   smtp.login(msg['From'], 'xxxx') #改成自己的邮箱密码
   smtp.sendmail(msg['From'], msg['To'].split(','), msg.as_string())
   return('邮件发送成功')
  except Exception as e:
   print('--------------sss------',e)
 def curl(self):
  import pycurl
  c=pycurl.Curl()
  #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
  #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
  c.setopt(c.URL,url)
  c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
  c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
  #模拟火狐浏览器
  c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
  return c

Curl.py 主要用来执行模拟浏览器访问网站并返回结果的文件

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import pycurl
class Curl(object):
 def __init__(self,url):
  self.url=url
 def Curl_site(self):
  c=pycurl.Curl()
  #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
  #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
  c.setopt(c.URL,self.url)
  c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
  c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
  #模拟火狐浏览器
  c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
  return c

site_moniter.py 这个文件为主程序,主要执行调用上面的函数,读取txt文件中的网站清单,如果网站打不开就发邮件出来告警

需要注意:

1、把xxxx@xxxx.com改成你自己的邮箱,

2、把文件路径改成自己的真实路径

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pycurl
import os
import sys
import linecache
import time #引入事件类，用来获取系统当前时间
#from ceshi import Student
from Email import Email_send
from Curl import Curl

#bart = Student('mafei',59)
#bart.print_score()

def script(urls,type):
 msgTo = 'xxxx@xxxx.com'
 now_time=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 j=1
#  data2=[{'aa':'aa'}]
 for url_split in urls:
  #print(url_split)
  url_1=url_split.split('---')
  url=url_1[1]
  recovery_title = "监控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "已经恢复"
  down_title = "监控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "无法打开"
  #print('~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~')
  #print(url)
  #引用爬去网站的类，调用结果
  url_result = Curl(url)
  c = url_result.Curl_site()
  try:
   c.perform()
   code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
   print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
  except Exception as e:
   print('--------错误信息：--------',e)
   #indexfile.close()
   #c.close()
  code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
  # print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
  filename = '%s-%s.txt' % (url_1[0], time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime(time.time())))
  #判断如果在网站无法打开的情况下
  if code == '0' or code=='400' or code=='500' or code=='404':
   resolveTime = 0
   Connection_Time = 0
   Transfer_Total_Time = 0
   Total_Time = 0
   # print('为000000000000000000000000000000000000000000')
   data3 = '网站:%s无法打开%s' % (url_1[0], url)
   # indexfile.close()
   # c.close()
   #判断网站如果挂了就发邮件
   stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, down_title)
   resole=stat3.sendEmail()
   print(resole)
   print(data3 + '邮件已经发送')
  else:
   #resolveTime = str(c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # Connection_Time=str(float(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME)*1000-c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME)*1000))+" ms"
   #Connection_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # Connection_Time=round(float(Connection_Time))
   #Transfer_Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.PRETRANSFER_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   #Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
   # data2=data
   # data={'url':url,'HTTP CODE':code,'resolveTime':resolveTime,'Connection_Time':Connection_Time,'Transfer_Total_Time':Transfer_Total_Time,'Total_Time':Total_Time}
   print('网站可以正常打开')
   #f = open(filename, 'a',encoding='utf-8')
   file_exit=os.path.exists(filename)
   #print(file_exit)
   #判断这个日志文件存不存在
   if(file_exit):
    #读取文件最后一行，为了读取出来最后一次的状态值
    file = open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8')
    linecount = len(file.readlines())
    data = linecache.getline(filename, linecount)
    file.close
    if data == '':
     print('这是'+data+'为空的数据')
    else:
     print('其他信息%s'%(data))
     explode = data.split('----')
     #判断如果读取出来的值，最后一次是异常的情况就告警
     if explode[3]=='0\n' or explode[3]=='400\n' or explode[3]=='500' or explode[3]=='404':
      data3 = '网站:%s在%s已经恢复%s' % (url_1[0], now_time,url)
      stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, recovery_title)
      resole = stat3.sendEmail()
      print(resole)
      print(data3 + '邮件已经发送')
     else:
      print('最后一次记录为其他值：%s'%(explode[3])+'-----')
   else:
    print('文件不存在')
  data2 = '\n' + url_1[0] + '----' + url + '-----' + time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time())) + '-------' + code
  print('data2数据写入成功：' + data2)
  file = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
  file.write(data2)
  file.close
# bart = Student(data2,59)
# bart.print_score()

if __name__ == "__main__":
 type = "监控通知-测试" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
 data1=['公司门户---www.luoan.com.cn','公司平台---yun.luoan.com.cn']
 #script(data1,type)

 #中心层面的网站清单
 file=open('D:\python\site_moniter\zhongxin.txt')
 data2=[]
 while 1:
  line2 =file.readline()
  print(line2)
  if not line2:
   break
  data2.append(line2[0:-1])
 #data2=['www.luoan.com.cn','yun.luoan.com.cn','www.qq.com']
 print(data2)
 title="监控通知-中心"+ time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 script(data2,title)

总结

利用Python自动监控网站并发送邮件告警的方法到这就基本结束了，希望对大家的学习工作能有所帮助。